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Hadjer Chohra,Young-Nam Kim,Hyun Ji Choe,Yun-Jeong Lee,Yong-Bok Lee 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.11
Antibiotics are recently listed as emergent POPs (persistent organic pollutants). Globally, the overuse of antibiotics in livestock production occurs, and up to 70% of the injected antibiotics are released into the environment through soil inputs or wastewater discharges after the metabolism in animal body. Crops cultivated in the antibiotics-contaminated soil are likely to accumulate the organic pollutants in their body including edible parts, eventually being consumed by humans. Thus, it has raised the concern in food safety and public health these days. We designed this study to approach the potential antibiotics effects varying with plants variety. This study aimed to investigate the response of two different crops, hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to the toxicity of various antibiotics at the early growth stage. A total of nine antibiotics and control were prepared: oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, erythromycin, tylosin, florfenicol, amoxicillin, ampicillin, sulfamethazine and sulfathiazole. Growth phenotype and mortality assays were conducted using test tubes containing Hoagland agar media with three different concentrations (1, 5 and 10 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>) of each antibiotic. Growth phenotype showed physiological differences in both shoot and root of each crop. Root growth inhibition was more significant in lettuce than hot pepper by sulfamethazine and sulfathiazine treatments. β-Lactam antibiotics (ampicillin and amoxicillin) were shown no inhibition effect on root growth of hot pepper even at the highest concentration (10 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP>), whilst tetracyclines (oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline) representing a clear concentration dependency in the root growth inhibition. Meanwhile, in lettuce, only chlortetracycline and florfenicol appeared to have a significant concentration dependent inhibitory effect. Consistently, florfenicol in 5 and 10 mg L<SUP>-1</SUP> caused senescence in both hot pepper and lettuce after germination.
Effects of Tetracyclines on Primary Root Length and Chlorophyll Contents of Vegetable Crops
Hyeonji Choe,Hadjer Chohra,Vimalraj Kantharaj,Mi Sun Cheong,Yong Bok Lee 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.54 No.1
By increasing the use of antibiotics, it is concerned that unexpectedly contaminated the effect of antibiotics occurs in agricultural soil. In this study, we investigated the impact of antibiotics on the early stages of crop growth using lettuce (Lactuca sativa), cabbage (Brassica campestris), and radish (Raphanus raphanistrum). These crops were grown on agar plates vertically without antibiotics (0 ㎎/L) and with tetracycline 5 (TC5), 10 (TC10), and 20 (TC20) ㎎/L, chlortetracycline 5 (CTC5), 10 (CTC10), and 20 (CTC20) ㎎/L, and oxytetracycline 5 (OTC5), 10 (OTC10), and 20 (OTC20) ㎎/L at 20℃ for five days. Root length of all crops inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner except for cabbage of OTC treatment. For lettuce, root length (㎝) showed an average 6.06 and 1.39 upon control (0 ㎎/L) and TC20, respectively. Similarly, cabbage and radish exhibited an average 7.20 and 5.47, respectively, without TCs whereas TC20 inhibits the root length down to 2.26 and 1.59, respectively. The chlorophyll contents of cabbage and radish reduced as increased antibiotic concentration. Interestingly, chlorophyll contents of lettuce did not show significantly different. Therefore, we suggest future research directions by showing the effect of antibiotics on crops.
Application of Chlorella fusca Culture Solution Promotes Growth of Strawberry Daughter Plants
Song Yeob Kim,Jun Hyeock Chio,Hyoen Ji Choe,Hadjer Chohra,Young-Eun Yoon,Min-Jeong Kim,Yong Bok Lee,Young-Nam Kim 한국토양비료학회 2021 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.11
Applications of Chlorella spp. have beneficial effects on plant health by acting as abiotic stress tolerance enhancer, biofertilizers, and biological control agents, thereby promoting plant growth and crop production. In Korea, several studies have recently reported that application of Chlorella spp. to a variety of crops species such as strawberry, cucumber, tomato, and leaf vegetables improve crops’ growth and yield as well as their tolerance to plant diseases. In this study, we conducted a field experiment to investigate application effects of Chlorella fusca culture solution (CS) on growth of daughter plants (DPs) of strawberry variety ‘Kuemsil’. To evaluate nutritious status of the Chlorella CS, we cultured C. fusca in a FNB commercial medium for 1 week, and then separated its cell parts and culture solution by filtration (<0.2 um). Also, the field trial was carried out for 3 months to grow strawberry DPs w/o application of C. fusca CS. As a result, cells of C. fusca contained various nutrient elements such as Al, B, Ca, Fe, K, Cu, Mg, Mn, P, Si, and Zn (0.14, 0.02, 3.21, 0.7, 11.7, 0.1, 5.85, 0.12, 17.8, 0.17, and 0.51 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively). Compared to the FNB medium, C. fusca CS (1.5 x 10<SUP>7</SUP> cell L<SUP>-1</SUP>) had significantly enhanced levels of some elements following 1 week culture: B (3-fold), Ca (32-fold), Mg (3-fold), and Si (6780-fold). The application of C. fusca CS significantly affected the growth of strawberry DPs. Dry weights of shoot and root in the DPs treated with C. fusca CS were 1.7 and 1.4 times higher than that of the control plants. Also, the application of C. fusca CS greatly increased total chlorophyll and carotenoid content in the plant leaves, which did increase by 40 and 20%, respectively, compared to those in the control’s leaves. To sum up, the CS of C. fusca had nutritionally valuable elements for plants and its application to artificial soil media did promote the growth and photosynthetic pigments of strawberry variety ‘Kuemsil’, particularly for DPs. Therefore, such positive effects by application of C. fusca CS would contribute to production of healthy strawberry daughter plants and subsequent improvement of strawberry yield.