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The evolution and future of influenza pandemic preparedness
Harrington Walter N.,Kackos Christina M.,Webby Richard J. 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-
The influenza virus is a global threat to human health causing unpredictable yet recurring pandemics, the last four emerging over the course of a hundred years. As our knowledge of influenza virus evolution, distribution, and transmission has increased, paths to pandemic preparedness have become apparent. In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a global influenza surveillance network that is now composed of institutions in 122 member states. This and other surveillance networks monitor circulating influenza strains in humans and animal reservoirs and are primed to detect influenza strains with pandemic potential. Both the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the WHO have also developed pandemic risk assessment tools that evaluate specific aspects of emerging influenza strains to develop a systematic process of determining research and funding priorities according to the risk of emergence and potential impact. Here, we review the history of influenza pandemic preparedness and the current state of preparedness, and we propose additional measures for improvement. We also comment on the intersection between the influenza pandemic preparedness network and the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. We must continually evaluate and revise our risk assessment and pandemic preparedness plans and incorporate new information gathered from research and global crises.
Rory Harrington 건국대학교 동물자원연구센터 1993 국제 심포지움 Vol.- No.4
사슴과는 다양한 우제목의 한 집단이며, 이들은 두개의 독특한 진화 혈통으로 갈라져 왔다. 이러한 별개의 두 혈통의 생물학은 뚜렷한 차이를 보이며, 그들이 습득해 온 각기 다른 적응 양식을 반영시켜 준다. 사슴의 다양성과 자원으로서의 잠재력을 효율적으로 이용키 우해 이러한 각기 다른 양식을 인식함으로써 관리 및 보존 전략의 향상을 도모할 수 있는 것이다.
Mussel foot protein-1 (mcfp-1) interaction with titania surfaces
Hwang, Dong Soo,Harrington, Matthew J.,Lu, Qingye,Masic, Admir,Zeng, Hongbo,Waite, J. Herbert The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.31
<P>Marine mussels utilize a variety of DOPA-rich proteins for purposes of underwater adhesion, as well as for creating hard and flexible surface coatings for their tough and stretchy byssal fibers. In the present study, moderately strong, yet reversible wet adhesion between the protective mussel coating protein, mcfp-1, and amorphous titania was measured with a surface force apparatus (SFA). In parallel, resonance Raman spectroscopy was employed to identify the presence of bidentate DOPA–Ti coordination bonds at the TiO<SUB>2</SUB>–protein interface, suggesting that catechol–TiO<SUB>2</SUB> complexation contributes to the observed reversible wet adhesion. These results have important implications for the design of protective coatings on TiO<SUB>2</SUB>.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Moderately strong, yet reversible wet adhesion between mussel coating protein and titania was measured with a SFA and Raman spectroscopy. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2jm32439c'> </P>
형태적 분자생물학적 방법에 의한 Phellinus linteus 의 동정에 관한 연구
김수호,성재모,김상희,Harrington, Thomas C. 한국균학회 1999 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.27 No.5
The context and upper surface of Phellinus basidiocarp become blackened, rimose and woody. The basidiocarp is sessile, dimidiate and elongate. The basidiospores are pigmented and ovoid to globose. Hymenial setae are 17∼35×6∼8 ㎛. Nineteen isolates of Phellinus species, including Phellinus linteus, were used for sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear rDNA. Based on these sequence data, specific primers were designed for identification of Phellinus linteus isolates in Korea. The specific primers were within the ITS1 and ITS2 regions and were nested within the universal primers flanking the spacer regions. A total of four primers (the universal primers ITS-1F and ITS-4, and the specific primers PL-F and PL-R) were used for detection of Phellinus linteus collected in Korea. The length of the four amplification products of Phellinus linteus DNA were 800 bp (ITS-1F/ITS-4), two bands of about 720 bp (ITS-1F/PL-R and PL-F/ITS-4), and 610 bp (PL-F/PL-R). Among 23 isolates of Phellinus species collected in Korea, Thirteen isolates were identified as Phellinus linteus based on the presence of the four bands. The other species produced only the single ITS-1F/ITS-4 product.
Factors Associated with Nurse Staffing Levels in Nursing Homes
( Hyang Yuol Lee ),( Mary A. Blegen ),( Charlene Harrington ) 대한보건협회 2012 대한보건연구 Vol.38 No.1
Objectives : This study examined the association of Medicaid nursing home reimbursement and resident casemix (acuity), and other factors on nurse home staffing levels in a small rural state of United States. Methods : Secondary data were used from the Online Survey Certification and Reporting (OSCAR) system, the Minimum Data Set, state reimbursement and staffing data, and the Area Resource File (ARF) to examine 195 freestanding nursing homes in Colorado. Two-stage least squares regression models were used to take into account the endogeneity of Medicaid reimbursement rates, resident case mix, and staffing levels, while controlling for clustering by geographical regions. Results : The findings showed that higher estimated Medicaid reimbursement rates were associated with higher RN hours, the percent of RN to total staffing hours, and total nurse staffing levels, but estimated resident casemix was not associated with staffing levels. Conclusion : Medicaid payment is an important incentive for improving staffing levels in nursing homes, even in a small rural state like Colorado.