Adenosine triphosphate-based chemotherapy response assay-guided chemotherapy in unresectable colorectal liver metastasis

Hur, H,Kim, N K,Kim, H G,Min, B S,Lee, K Y,Shin, S J,Cheon, J H,Choi, S H Nature Publishing Group 2012 The British journal of cancer Vol.106 No.1

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of adenosine triphosphate-based chemotherapy response assay (ATP-CRA)-guided neoadjuvant chemotherapy for increasing resectability in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastasis.</P><P><B>Patients and methods:</B></P><P>Patients were randomised into two groups: Group A was treated by conventional chemotherapy regimen and Group B was treated by chemotherapy regimen according to the ATP-CRA. Three chemotherapeutic agents (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and irinotecan) were tested by ATP-CRA and more sensitive agents were selected. Either FOLFOX or FOLFIRI was administered. Between Group A and B, treatment response and resectability were compared.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Between November 2008 and October 2010, a total 63 patients were randomised to Group A (<I>N</I>=32) or Group B (<I>N</I>=31). FOLFOX was more preferred in Group A than in Group B (26 out of 32 (81.3%) <I>vs</I> 20 out of 31 (64.5%)). Group B showed better treatment response than Group A (48.4% <I>vs</I> 21.9%, <I>P</I>=0.027). The resectability of hepatic lesion was higher in Group B (35.5% <I>vs</I> 12.5%, <I>P</I>=0.032). Mean duration from chemotherapy onset to the time of liver resection was 11 cycles (range 4–12) in Group A and 8 cycles (range 8–16) in Group B.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>This study showed that tailored-chemotherapy based on ATP-CRA could improve the treatment response and resectability in initially unresectable colorectal liver metastasis.</P>

Oxygen-dependent enhancement of hydrogen production by engineering bacterial hemoglobin in Escherichia coli

Jo, B.H.,Kim, J.Y.H.,Seo, J.H.,Cha, H.J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.39 No.20

H<SUB>2</SUB> production under aerobic conditions has been proposed as an alternative method to overcome the fundamentally low yield of H<SUB>2</SUB> production by fermentative bacteria by maximizing the number of electrons that are available for H<SUB>2</SUB>. Here, we engineered Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) in Escherichia coli to study the effects of this versatile oxygen (O<SUB>2</SUB>)-binding protein on oxic H<SUB>2</SUB> production in a closed batch system that was supplemented with glucose. The H<SUB>2</SUB> yields that were obtained with the VHb-expressing E. coli were greatly enhanced in comparison to the negative control cells in culture that started with high O<SUB>2</SUB> tensions. The formate hydrogen lyase (FHL) activity of oxically cultured, VHb-expressing cells was also much higher than that of the negative control cells. Through inhibitor studies and time-course experiments, VHb was shown to contribute to the improved H<SUB>2</SUB> yield primarily by increasing the efficiency of cellular metabolism during the aerobic phase before the onset of H<SUB>2</SUB> production and not by working as an O<SUB>2</SUB>-scavenger during H<SUB>2</SUB> production. This new approach allowed more substrate to remain to be further utilized for the production of more H<SUB>2</SUB> from limited resources. We expect that VHb can be successfully engineered in potential aerobic H<SUB>2</SUB>-producing microbial systems to enhance the overall H<SUB>2</SUB> production yield. In addition, the remarkably high FHL activity of oxically grown, VHb-expressing cells may make this engineered strain an attractive whole-cell biocatalyst for converting formate to H<SUB>2</SUB>.

Ex situ catalytic upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass components over vanadium contained H-MCM-41 catalysts

Kim, B.S.,Jeong, C.S.,Kim, J.M.,Park, S.B.,Park, S.H.,Jeon, J.K.,Jung, S.C.,Kim, S.C.,Park, Y.K. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 CATALYSIS TODAY - Vol.265 No.-

<P>H-V-MCM-41 catalysts containing 5, 10, and 30 wt% of vanadium were synthesized and applied to the ex situ catalytic pyrolysis (CP) of three polymeric components of lignocellulosic biomass for the first time. Characterization of the catalysts was performed using N-2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, FT-IR, and NH3-TPD. The results of XRD analysis showed that 5 wt% and 10 wt% H-V-MCM-41 catalysts maintained the mesoporous structure, whereas the mesoporous structure was destroyed in 30 wt% H-V-MCM-41 with considerable amount of small V2O5 crystalline outside the framework. NH3-TPD showed that H-V-MCM-41 has mostly weak acid sites and that 10 wt% H-V-MCM-41 had the largest quantity of acid sites due to framework vanadium. In the case of CP of cellulose using Py-GC/MS, 10 wt% H-V-MCM-41 showed the highest catalytic activity for the production of valuable furanic compounds such as furfural because of the enhanced deoxygenation over the acid sites formed on framework vanadium. In the case of CP of xylan as well, 10 wt% H-V-MCM-41 led to the largest yield of mono-aromatics. The production of acetic acid was also promoted by H-V-MCM-41 catalysts. The CP of lignin over H-V-MCM-41 catalysts promoted substantially the production of important feedstock chemicals for the petrochemical industry: phenolics and mono-aromatics. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

B-containing nanomaterial synthesis when a combustion wave moves within a packed bed of solid particles

Nersisyan, H.,Lee, T.H.,Yoo, B.U.,Kwon, S.C.,Suh, H.,Kim, J.G.,Lee, J.H. Elsevier [etc.] 2016 Combustion and Flame Vol.172 No.-

This study deals with combustion behavior of B<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Mg/NH<SUB>4</SUB>Cl/C complex systems for the synthesis of amorphous boron (B), boron carbide (B<SUB>4</SUB>C), and boron nitride (BN) nanostructures. The raw mixtures used in the experiments were prepared on the base of a B<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-Mg precursor mixture, which is sufficiently exothermic to maintain a self-propagating regime of the combustion reaction. Thermodynamic analysis of the combustion temperatures and experimental validation indicate that the 1000-1500<SUP>o</SUP>C temperature range is very effective for synthesizing the nanostructures of B, B<SUB>4</SUB>C, and BN. It was found that B-containing functional nanostructures are mainly spherical nanoparticles (B) or nanosheets (B<SUB>4</SUB>C, BN). The phase composition and microstructural characteristics of the final products were evaluated based on the combustion temperature and solid/liquid phase changes.

Experimental infection of mandarin duck with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N8 and H5N1) viruses

Kang, H.M.,Lee, E.K.,Song, B.M.,Heo, G.B.,Jung, J.,Jang, I.,Bae, Y.C.,Jung, S.C.,Lee, Y.J. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2017 Veterinary microbiology Vol.198 No.-

<P>A highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus was first detected in poultry and wild birds in South Korea in January 2014. Here, we determined the pathogenicity and transmissibility of three different clades of 1-15 viruses in mandarin ducks to examine the potential for wild bird infection. H5N8 (Glade 2.3.4.4) replicated more efficiently in the upper and lower respiratory tract of mandarin ducks than two previously identified H5N1 virus clades (clades 2.2 and 2.3.2.1). However, none of the mandarin ducks infected with H5N8 and H5N1 viruses showed severe clinical signs or mortality, and gross lesions were only observed in a few tissues. Viral replication and shedding were greater in H5N8-infected ducks than in H5N1-infected ducks. Recovery of all viruses from control duck in contact with infected ducks indicated that the highly pathogenic H5 viruses spread horizontally through contact. Taken together, these results suggest that H5N8 viruses spread efficiently in mandarin ducks. Further studies of pathogenicity in wild birds are required to examine possible long-distance dissemination via migration routes. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

The H <small>i</small> environment of counter‐rotating gas hosts: gas accretion from cold gas blobs

Chung, Aeree,Bureau, Martin,van Gorkom, J. H.,Koribalski, Bä,rbel Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.422 No.2

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>We probe the H <SMALL>i</SMALL> properties and the gas environments of three early‐type barred galaxies harbouring counter‐rotating ionized gas: NGC 128, NGC 3203 and NGC 7332. Each system has one or more optically identified galaxy at a similar or as yet unknown redshift within a 50‐kpc projected radius. Using H <SMALL>i</SMALL> synthesis imaging data, we investigate the hypothesis that the counter‐rotating gas in these galaxies has been accreted from their neighbours. In NGC 128 and NGC 3203, we find 9.6 × 10<SUP>7</SUP> and 2.3 × 10<SUP>8</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> of H <SMALL>i</SMALL>, respectively, covering almost the entire stellar bodies of dwarf companions that appear physically connected. Both the H <SMALL>i</SMALL> morphology and kinematics are suggestive of tidal interactions. In NGC 7332, we do not find any directly associated H <SMALL>i</SMALL>. Instead, NGC 7339, a neighbour of a comparable size at about 10 kpc, is found with 8.9 × 10<SUP>8</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> of H <SMALL>i</SMALL> gas. More recently in a single dish observation, however, another group discovered a large H <SMALL>i</SMALL> structure which seems to be an extension of NGC 7339’s H <SMALL>i</SMALL> disc and also covers NGC 7332. All these observations thus suggest that H <SMALL>i</SMALL> gas is being accreted in these three galaxies from their companions, which is likely responsible for the kinematically decoupled gas component present in their central region. In particular, the dynamical friction time‐scales of the nearest neighbours with H <SMALL>i</SMALL> gas of NGC 128 and NGC 3203 are comparable to their orbital time‐scales around the counter‐rotators, several ∼10<SUP>8</SUP> yr, implying that those neighbours will likely soon merge with the primary galaxies, fuelling them with gas. NGC 7332 also appears to be in the merging process with its neighbour through the common H <SMALL>i</SMALL> envelope. Besides, we find some other potential gas donors around NGC 128 and NGC 7332: two H <SMALL>i</SMALL>‐rich galaxies with <IMG src='/wiley-blackwell_img/equation/MNR_20679_mu1.gif' alt ='inline image'/> and 2.5 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> at a distance of ≈67 kpc from NGC 128 and two dwarf systems with <I>M</I><SUB>HI</SUB>= 3.9 × 10<SUP>7</SUP> and 7.4 × 10<SUP>7</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> at ≲100 kpc from NGC 7332. Among the seven H <SMALL>i</SMALL> features identified in this study, three of them are associated with dwarf galaxies, two of which have only been recently identified in a blind survey, while the third one is still not catalogued at optical wavelengths. Considering the incompleteness of existing studies of the faint dwarf galaxy population both in the optical and in H <SMALL>i</SMALL>, accretion from cold gas blobs, presumably gas‐rich dwarfs, is expected to occur even more frequently than what is inferred from such cases that have been observed to date.</P>

돼지 H-FABP 유전자의 다형성 및 경제 형질과의 연관성 구명

최봉환,김태헌,이지웅,조용민,이혜영,조병욱,정일정 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.5

The purpose of this study was to detect association between genetic variation and economic trait in the porcine heart type fatty acid-binding protein gene as a candidate gene for the traits related with growth and meat quality in pigs. The H-FABP is a 15-kDa protein expressed in several tissues with high demand for fat metabolism such as cardiac and skeletal muscle and lactating mammary gland. H-FABP is small intracellular protein involved in fatty acid transport from the plasma membrane to the site of β-oxidation and/or triacylglycerol or phospholipid synthesis. In this study, H-FABP PCR-RFLP was performed in F_(2) population composed of 214 individuals form an intercross between Korean Native Boars and Landrace sows. PCR products form tow primer sets within H-FABP gene were amplified in 850bp and 700bp. Digestion of PCR products with the restriction digestion enzymes HaeⅢ and Hinf Ⅰ, revealed fragment length polymorphisms(RFL. Ps). The genotype frequencies from H-FABP/HaeⅢ was .29 for genotype DD, .53 for genotype Dd, and .15 for genotype dd, respectively. The genotype frequencies of HH, Hh, and hh from H-FABP(hinf Ⅰ was .38, .41, and .20, respectively, in the population.Relationships between their genotypes and economic traits were estimated. In H-FABP/HaeⅢ locus, there were specific genotypes(Dd and dd) associated with economic traits such as body weight. In H-FABP/Hinf Ⅰ Iocus, Genotypes of HH and Hh associated with growth traits such as body weights at 5, 12, and 30 week of age (p<.05 or p<.001) and back fat thickness, body fat including abdominal and trimmed fat (p<.001) and intramuscular fat(p<.05). The 'H'allele was positivecly associated with gaining of body weight and fatness deposition. In conclusion, a significant association of the H-FABP gene from its genetic variation was found on body weight, intramuscular fat and backfat thickness.

국내 감염성질환 병원체의 성상분석을 통한 표준실험실 체계 구축(Ⅱ) : 장내바이러스와 B형간염바이러스 국내 분리주의 성상분석(1)

윤재득,지영미,김기순,천두성,안정배,정윤석,신수연,이선화,이지원,조해월 국립보건연구원 2000 국립보건원보 Vol.37 No.-

Effects of Various Addition and Exclusion Time of Glucose on Development of Mouse Two-Cell Embryos

S. B. Park,K. S. Park,T. H. Lee,S. S. Chun,S. S. Kim,H. B. Song 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2004 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.28 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of various addition and exclusion time of glucose (Control: no addition, A: 24∼72 h, B: 24∼48 h, C: 48∼72 h, D: 0∼72 h, E: 0∼48 h, F: 0∼24 h and 48∼72 h, G: 0∼24 h) on embryonic developmental capacity of 2-cell embryos in mice. Developed blastocysts were assessed for mean cell number by differential staining. The zona-intact blastocyst (ZiB) rates were higher (p 0.05) in group B than control. However, the zona-escape blastocyst (ZeB) rates were not significantly different in all groups. At 72 h, total blastocyst (ZiB + ZeB) formation rates were not significantly different in all groups. The mean cell number was not significantly different among all groups. The inner cell mass (ICM) cell number was higher (p 0.05) in group F than control, group A, B and G. The trophectoderm (TE) cell number was higher (p 0.05) in control than group A and D. The %ICM was higher (p 0.05) in group C, D and F than control. The ICM : TE ratio was not significantly different in all groups. Between control and glucose group, no significant difference was observed in the total blastocysts (ZiB + ZeB) formation rates. Also, no significant difference was observed in the mean cell number, ICM cell number and ICM : TE ratio. However the TE cell number was higher (p 0.05) in control than glucose group and %ICM was higher (p 0.05) in glucose group than control. In conclusion, glucose added in culture medium was not inhibitory on blastocyst formation but glucose added for 48∼72 h in culture medium increases %ICM of blastocysts in mice.

인플루엔자 바이러스에 對한 血淸學的 및 病毒學的 調査

白承福,張起峰,金慶浩 國立保健硏究院 1972 국립보건연구원보 Vol.9 No.-