José Martí: educación y proyecto político

Héctor Hernández Pardo 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2016 국제지역연구 Vol.20 No.2

José Martí succeeded in establishing a political project with a high completeness and practicality through mature thinking and deep understanding of the reality of Latin America and North America. Throughout his whole life, he contributed himself to revealing, shanking, and building new America. These three steps clearly lead to building a magnificient and revolutionary utopia. To reveal is to educate. To shake is to call for the revolution. To build something new is to build a unified America based on ethical Republic Jose Marti had dreamed of. The prime of José Martí’s life as a philosopher and politician is the moment when he acted as an initiator and leader of the revolutionary movement for the independence of Cuba and Puerto Rico. Martí gradually developed his own concept of the identity of America to the completeness. In reality as well, he strategically built his own way to realizing it. Martí contributed his whole life to making the identity of America clear and to liberalizing the continent. His legacy, which awakened the pioneers of Hispanic intellectuals of Latin America, has turned into the basic factors of ours through the concept of ‘Our America’ vividly represents the spirit of our continent.

End-effector positioning due to joint clearances: A comparison among three planar 2-DOF parallel manipulators

Héctor F. Quintero,Luz A. Mejia,Miguel Diaz-Rodriguez 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.7

This paper develops a model for studying the effect of joint clearances on the end-effector's loci for planar parallel manipulators with 2 degree-of-freedom (DOF). The condition for developing end-effector loci equations with respect to the joint clearance relies on the fact that at least one point of contact is always presented in each joints. The motivation of this work lies in the fact that the proposed procedure allows the study of parallel manipulators that can be considered as design concepts for developing an x-y cutting table for a textile industry. Numerical simulations enable to compare three 2-DOF planar parallel manipulators architectures: i) 2-RRR, ii) 2-RPR, and iii) 2-RPR. A Monte Carlo simulation allows us to find the area of possible end-effector locations for a specific value of clearance. Also, the equations allow us to find the largest distance from the desired location to the one obtained considering clearance. Findings shed some lights on establishing which parallel manipulator is less affected to joint clearance.

Relaxant and anti-inflammatory effect of two thalidomide analogs as PDE-4 inhibitors in pregnant rat uterus

Víctor Manuel Muñoz-Pérez,Eduardo Fernández-Martínez,Héctor Ponce-Monter,Mario I. Ortiz 대한약리학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.4

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relaxant and anti-inflammatory effects of two thalidomide analogs as phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitors in pregnant rat uterus. Uteri from Wistar female rats were isolated at 19 day of pregnancy. Uterine samples were used in functional studies to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the thalidomide analogs, methyl 3-(4-nitrophthalimido)-3-(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)-propanoate (4NO2PDPMe) and methyl 3-(4-aminophthalimido)- 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-propanoate (4APDPMe), on prostaglandin-F2α (PGF2α)- induced phasic, K+-induced tonic, and Ca2+-induced contractions. Accumulation of cAMP was quantified in uterine homogenates by ELISA. Anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by using ELISA for determination of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-1β, and anti-inflammatory IL-10, from uterine explants stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Nifedipine, forskolin and rolipram were used as positive controls where required. Both thalidomide analogs induced a significant inhibition of the uterine contractions induced by the pharmaco- and electro-mechanic stimuli. Nifedipine and forskolin were more potent than the analogs to inhibit the uterine contractility, but these were more potent than rolipram, and 4APDPMe was equieffective to nifedipine. Thalidomide analogs increased uterine cAMP-levels in a concentration-dependent manner. The LPS-induced TNFα and IL-1β uterine secretion was diminished in a concentrationdependent fashion by both analogs, whereas IL-10 secretion was increased significantly. The thalidomide analogs induced utero-relaxant and anti-inflammatory effects, which were associated with the increased cAMP levels as PDE-4 inhibitors in the pregnant rat uterus. Such properties place these thalidomide analogs as potentially safe and effective tocolytic agents in a field that urgently needs improved pharmacological treatments, as in cases of preterm labor.

Wind tunnel studies of cantilever traffic signal structures

Héctor J. Cruzado,Chris Letchford,Gregory A. Kopp 한국풍공학회 2013 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.16 No.3

The wind-induced vibrations of the mast arm of cantilever traffic signal structures can lead to the fatigue failure of these structures. Wind tunnel tests were conducted on an aeroelastic model of this type of structure. Results of these experiments indicated that when the signals have backplates, vortex shedding causes large-amplitude vibrations that could lead to fatigue failure. Vibrations caused by galloping were only observed for one particular angle of attack with the signals having backplates. No evidence for galloping,previously thought to be the dominant cause of fatigue failures in these structures, was observed.

COSMETIC SURGERY: A CATALYST FOR CHANGES TO THE SELF AND MATERIALIST CONSUMPTION

Héctor González-Jiménez,Sujin Song 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

Individuals consume products and services as a means of symbolic self-expression in private and public contexts (Ahuvia, 2005; Belk, 1988; Harmon-Kizer et al., 2013). The body should be seen as the continuation of the individual, as the self is exhibited to others via its embodiment (Borelli and Casotti, 2012). Thus, the body functions as object that can serve self-expressive purposes and consumption behaviors (Schouten, 1991). Meanwhile, cosmetic surgery is described as a “fashion object” (Venkatesh et al., 2010, p. 468) and a form of extreme symbolic consumption that uses the body as an object to express the self (Schouten, 1991). Research indicates that individuals use of cosmetic surgery as a means of self-identity reconstruction (Askegard et al., 2002) and that motivational antecedents such as sociocultural influences, competition with others, media influence, body appreciation, and a materialist orientation are drivers of cosmetic surgery (Henderson-King and Brooks, 2009; Markley-Roundtree and Davis, 2011; Swami et al., 2009). Contrary to prior evidence, we argue that besides being a consequence, cosmetic surgery acts also as an antecedent that influences materialist consumption practices through changes to a consumers’ self. Surprisingly, despite the growing number of cosmetic surgery procedures around the globe and the self as a key driver of consumer behavior, no study to date has explored how cosmetic surgery acts as an antecedent of materialistic consumption practices through potential alterations of an individual’s self. We carried out semi-structured in-depth interviews with 10 South Korean participants. Our participants were 22 to 57 years old, representing a range of income and professional roles. They had previously undergone plastic surgery procedures such as double eyelid surgery, breast enhancementt and nose surgery. First, our findings suggest that materialism is not just an antecedent of cosmetic surgery propensity (Henderson-King and Brooks, 2009), but also that cosmetic surgery influences materialist consumption practices (e.g. cosmetics, beach vacations) through changes to the self. Second, our findings indicate that individuals need to control influences how cosmetic surgery shapes the self. Specifically, consumers seek cosmetic surgery to bridge the discrepancy between the physical self (provided by nature) and their “sought” psychological self. Third, our findings illustrate the role of marketplace cultures and, in particular, socio-cultural driven factors that interact with the self in a cosmetic surgery context (Arnoud and Thompson, 2005). Fourth, our findings show that cosmetic surgery leads to various emotional outcomes through changes to the self (i.e. pride, self-satisfaction, subjective happiness, and increased guilt). We contribute to discourses of embodied practices (e.g. cosmetic surgery) related to the self and materialism (e.g., Richins, 2012; Schouten, 1991; Venkatesh et al., 2010).

Robust GPI Control of a New Parallel Rehabilitation Robot of Lower Extremities

Héctor Azcaray,Andrés Blanco,Carlos García,Manuel Adam,Juan Reyes,Gerardo Guerrero,César Guzmán 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.5

In this paper, we propose a new robot for lower limbs rehabilitation by using a parallel structure. The goal of this robot is not only to produce smooth and precise motions for ankle, knee, and hip, but also to support trajectory tracking. Its parallel configuration was based on the four-bar mechanism in order to have a more stable and robust structure. For the kinematic analysis, the length of one bar was considered variable. For the dynamic analysis, the Euler-Lagrange method was used to define the equations of motion. For the robot control, the robust generalized proportional integral (GPI) controller was proposed to guarantee safe rehabilitation movements. This parallel robot not only showed good results, but also showed various movement possibilities for lower limbs rehabilitation.

An interesting case of survival to multiple ruptures of aneurysms, with persistent trigeminal artery, cranial nerve deficit, and evolutionary exposure of neurovascular treatment

Héctor Lezcano,María Fernanda Solorzano 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2023 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.25 No.2

Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to rupture of an aneurysm is a severe condition, associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. There are few cases in the literature of rupture of an aneurysm of the persistent trigeminal artery. This is the case of a 62-year-old female who has suffered multiple ruptures of aneurysms, in different decades of her life, with the development of de novo aneurysm, been this the presented case, a rupture of aneurysm of the persistent trigeminal artery. This patient has survival to these conditions and remain without important morbidity. The case manifested with a clinical picture of third and seventh cranial nerve deficit, which this last one, there are not previous publications of cases with this deficit. This aneurysm was embolized with coils, and the postoperative condition was satisfactory, been discharged at 4 postoperative days.

A computationally efficient numerical integration scheme for non-linear planestress/strain FEM applications using one-point constitutive model evaluation

Héctor R. Amezcua,Amado G. Ayala 국제구조공학회 2023 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.85 No.1

This work presents a proposal for employing reduced numerical integration in the formulation of the 4-node quadrilateral solid finite element. The use of these low-order integration rules leads to numerical instabilities such as those producing the hourglass effect. The proposed procedure allows evaluating a given constitutive model only in one integration point, achieving an attractive computational cost reduction and, also, successfully controls the hourglass effect. A validation of the proposal is included and discussed throughout the paper. To show the efficiency of the proposal, several application examples of masonry structures are studied and discussed. To represent the non-linear mechanical behaviour of masonry a plastic-damage model is implemented within the application of this sub-integration scheme. Also, in order to have a full and computationally efficient strategy to determine the behaviour of masonry structures, involving its evolution to collapse, a homogenization technique with a macro-modeling approach is used. The methodology discussed throughout this paper demonstrates a substantial computational cost reduction and an improved approximation of the non-linear problem evidenced by a reduction of up to 85% of the computational time for some cases.

Zn-22Al-2Cu Alloy Phase Transformations at Different Homogenizing Temperatures

Héctor Javier Dorantes-Rosales,Víctor Manuel López-Hirata,Ramón Esquivel-González,Jorge Luis González-Velazquez,Joel Moreno-Palmerin,Antonio Torres-Castillo 대한금속·재료학회 2012 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.18 No.3

The effect of the homogenizing temperature on phase transformations and hardening behavior was studied in a Zn-22Al-2Cu (wt%) alloy homogenized for 7 days at 315, 350, and 390°C. The homogenized alloy was subsequently quenched and aged naturally at room temperature or artificially at 200°C for different time periods. The β phase was unstable at room temperature and it decomposed through the β→α+ηreaction during natural aging. An increase in the homogenizing temperature caused a decrease in the kinet-ics of the decomposition of the β phase in the alloy. Natural aging also caused an increase in the hardness due to the formation of nanometric grains with α and η phases and the presence of an intermetallic εphase. This result agrees with the time exponents (n) between 1.5 and 2.6, which were obtained using the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation for the decomposition of the β phase. The transformed frac-tion curves exhibited the fastest and slowest growth kinetics of the â phase decomposition at homogeniz-ing temperatures of 350 and 390°C, respectively. The artificial aging induced the formation of equilibrium phases and began a decrease in hardness due to the coarsening process of the equilibrium α, η, and τ'phases.

Sunburn control by nets diff erentially aff ects the antioxidant properties of fruit peel in ‘Gala’ and ‘Fuji’ apples

Héctor Olivares-Soto,Richard M. Bastías,Arturo Calderón-Orellana,María Dolores López 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.2

Netting has been widely used in recent years to protect apple fruit from solar injury. There is little information on the biochemicalaspects underlying the eff ectiveness of netting against sunburn in apples. The objective of this study was to quantifythe eff ects of netting on polyphenols, anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity in apples with diff erent sunburn degrees in termsof fruit peel color variation. Orchards of ‘Gala Brookfi eld’ and ‘Fuji Raku Raku’ apples were covered in red and pearl nets(providing 20% shading), respectively. Uncovered trees served as controls for the experiments. Spectral light transmissionwas measured under the nets from 350 to 1700 nm. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), ultraviolet radiation (UV),and fruit surface temperature (FST) were evaluated from 20 to 175 day after full blooming. Red netting increased the amountof red (600–700 nm) and blue (400–500 nm) wavelengths of the visible spectrum. Both red and pearl nets reduced infrared(900–1700 nm) transmission by 8%, which resulted in a decrease around 5 °C in FST. Similarly, PAR radiation was reducedby 25 and 21% on average, while the reduction in UV radiation reached 29 and 25% with red and pearl netting, respectively. In moderate (browning; SB-3) and severe (browning with necrosis; SB-4) damage categories, sunburn decreased 15% in‘Gala Brookfi eld’ under red netting, and only 4% in ‘Fuji Raku Raku’ under pearl netting. In ‘Gala Brookfi eld’, red nettingsignifi cantly increased anthocyanin content and ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant capacity for theSB4 sunburn category. In contrast, pearl netting signifi cantly reduced the amount of polyphenols, anthocyanins, and theFRAP antioxidant capacity in SB-4 sunburn group of ‘Fuji Raku Raku’ apples. Collectively, our results suggest that sunprotection provided by netting result in changes in the composition and antioxidant capacity of fruit peels, whose responsevaries depending on the cultivar and type of net used.