http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Cancer Metastasized to the Ocular Choroid
Cho, Kyung Rae,Lee, Kyung Min,Han, Gyule,Kang, Se Woong,Lee, Jung-Il The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2018 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.61 No.1
Objective : Choroidal metastases (CMs) are the most common intraocular tumor. Management is mainly radiation therapy with goals of pain control and visual improvement. However, many radiation-related complications are reported. Since gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for CM was first reported in 1995, few cases have been reported. We report 7 cases of CMs treated with GKS. Methods : From April 2011 to November 2014, 7 patients with CM underwent GKS. Their median age at treatment was 64 years (range, 51-71 years). Four males and three females were treated. Lung cancer was the most common primary pathology, followed by renal cell carcinoma and stomach cancer. Four patients had multiple cerebral lesions and were treated simultaneously for choroidal lesions. The median marginal dose of 20 Gy (range, 15-25 Gy) was administered at the 50% isodose line. Results : Median follow-up period after GKS was 8 months (range, 2-38.3 months). Four patients expired due to underlying malignancy progression. Except for two patients who were not followed with magnetic resonance image after GKS, all patients showed size reduction in the treated lesions, but a new choroidal lesion appeared in one patient and one recurred. Six of seven patients reported subjectively improved visual symptoms. Visual acuity improved in 2 patients, and 2 were stable upon objective examination. One patient showed no improvement in visual acuity, but ocular pain was relieved; another patient showed improved vision and tumor remission, but visual deterioration recurred. Conclusion : GKS was shown to be safe and effective and should be considered for CM treatment.
Jong Min Kim,Eun Jung Lee,Ga Eun Cho,Kunho Bae,Ju Yeun Lee,Gyule Han,Se Woong Kang 대한안과학회 2017 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.31 No.5
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and associated clinical factors of delayed absorption of subretinal fluid (SRF) after surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Methods: This study involved 36 eyes of 36 consecutive patients who underwent successful surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. A complete ophthalmologic evaluation, including clinical fundus examination, optical coherence tomography, and indocyanine green angiography, was conducted before and after surgery. Delayed absorption was defined as the presence of residual concave SRF or an SRF bleb at 6 months after surgery. Clinical factors and choroidal features on indocyanine green angiography were compared according to the presence and absence of delayed absorption. Results: Eighteen of 36 eyes (50%) showed delayed absorption. Macular involvement and worse preoperative visual acuity were significantly related to the presence of delayed absorption (p = 0.001 and p = 0.034, respectively). On indocyanine green angiography, preoperative choroidal vascular hyperpermeability was noted in 70% of eyes with delayed absorption and in 14% of eyes without it (p = 0.010). Conclusions: Delayed absorption of SRF after retinal reattachment surgery was not rare, with a 50% of incidence in this study. Macula-off status was significantly related to the incidence of delayed SRF absorption, and choroidal features such as choroidal vascular hyperpermeability might be responsible in part, possibly through the resultant exudative property of choroid.
Gyulee Kim 국제문화기술진흥원 2022 International Journal of Advanced Culture Technolo Vol.10 No.4
This research aims to investigate the relationship between safety climate and safety perception and safety behavior. Safety perception of the relationship is considered to have a mediating effect. Previous literature has tended to regard safety perception as an independent variable at the same level as the safety climate, which can be said to depend on behavioralism to approach the causal relationship to an one-way perspective. The survey was administrated through full- service carries in Korea such as Korean Air and Asiana Airlines, and low-cost carriers such as JeJu air, Jin air, and Air Pusan. It can identify a mediator of safety perception between safety climate and safety behavior. There are significant indirect effects of each value, which means mediators values of safety perception of safety climate variables and safety behavior. The study highlights that airlines should focus on the importance of their psychological aspects to strengthen the safety behavior of flight attendants and the value of organizational efforts to mature safety perceptions, suggesting some implications of theoretical and practical aspects.
실험적 척수압박 : 제 1 보 수분함량과 산소소비량 Part 1. Water content and oxygen consumption
김결,전동휘,최호익,이기찬,주정화 대한신경외과학회 1975 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.4 No.2
Experimental spinal cord compression was successfully produced in the rabbit by the expansion of the stalks of "laminaria", a sea weed, which was placed in the spinal epidural space at the level of fifth lumbar vertebrae. The experimental spinal cord compression and subsequent edema at the site of compression and its adjacent area were studied at interval of 6, 12 and 24 hour's compression by measuring wet weight and dry weight, and by calculating per cent water content, swelling per cent and changeapee of water content to that in control group. The oxygen consumption of cord tissues at the site of compression and its distal adjacent area of the spinal cord was investigated by using Warburg's manometric appratus suppalying 100% oxygen. In the normal rabbit, the average water content of the spinal cord was 63.38±0.9%. The percentage of water and swelling of the cord tissues in experimental group were higher than those in the control during the period of 24 hour's compression, and that at the site of compression they showed a tendency of rapid increase in value at an early stage, and the area adjacent to the compression demonstrated values increasing gradually during the process of compression. In control group, the average value of oxygen consumption of the card tissue was 0.48±0.01㎕O₂/㎎(dry weight)/30 min. The values of oxygen consumption of cord tissue at the site of compression and distal adjacent area were higher than in control group at an early stage and gradually decreased there after. It was noted that the changes of water content and oxygen consumption of spinal cord were well and influenced by the mechanical compression with "laminaria" insertion in the rabbit, resulting in spinal cord edema.
Chitinase 3-Like 1 Contributes to Food Allergy via M2 Macrophage Polarization
Eun Gyul Kim,김미나,홍정연,Jae Woo Lee,Soo Yeon Kim,김경원,이춘근,Jack A Elias,송태원,손명현 대한천식알레르기학회 2020 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.12 No.6
Purpose: Food allergy is a hypersensitive immune response to specific food proteins. Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1, also known as YKL-40 in humans or BRP-39 in mice) is associated with various chronic diseases, such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and allergic disease. CHI3L1 is involved in allergen sensitization and type 2 helper T (Th2) inflammation, but the role of CHI3L1 in food allergy remains unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate the role of CHI3L1 in the development of food allergy. Methods: We measured serum levels of CHI3L1 in food allergic patients. Food allergy was induced in wild-type (WT) and CHI3L1 null mutant (CHI3L1−/−) BALB/c mice with ovalbumin (OVA). We investigated Th2 immune responses, M2 macrophage polarization, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways, and also performed transcriptome analysis. Results: Serum levels of CHI3L1 were significantly higher in children with food allergy compared with those in healthy controls. Furthermore, CHI3L1 expression levels were elevated in WT mice after OVA treatment. Food allergy symptoms, immunoglobulin E levels, Th2 cytokine production, and histological injury were attenuated in food allergy-induced CHI3L1−/− mice compared with those in food allergy-induced WT mice. CHI3L1 expression was increased in OVA-treated WT intestinal macrophages and caused M2 macrophage polarization. Furthermore, CHI3L1 was involved in the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and AKT signaling pathways and was associated with immune response and lipid metabolism as determined through transcriptome analysis. Conclusions: CHI3L1 plays a pivotal role in Th2 inflammation and M2 macrophage polarization through MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT phosphorylation in food allergy.