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Gyoung-Deuck Kim,Cheon-Seok Park,Joong-Hyuck Auh 한국산업식품공학회 2016 학술대회 및 심포지엄 Vol.2016 No.10
Nuruk, a Korean fermentation starter for Makgeolli, contains a variety of microflora according to province and natural environment. However, the metabolites profiles in traditional Korean Nuruk were not defined yet. In this study, Nuruk were prepared with 20 different fungi originated from Gangwon province (Rhizomucor variabilis, Lichtheimia corymbifera, and Aspergillus species) and their metabolites were profiled / compared with commercial strains (Aspergillus kawachii) through metabolomics analysis. Metabolites were extracted with solvent mixture (Isopropanol: Methanol: Distilled water) and put into MS spectrometry analysis. After processing of full mass spectra data from LC-MS/MS, the characteristics of each strain were compared and analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).Interestingly, strain specific classification was observed by HCA and PCA among samples and significant differences were also indicated from commercial strain Aspergillus kawachii. As a results, 26 metabolites were successfully screened with a validity from a total of 189 metabolites by using of VIP plot through OPLS-DA. These results suggested the uniqueness of Korean traditional home brewed liquor compared to commercial liquor and could be useful information for Korean brewing industry.
Gyoung-Deuck Kim,Joong-Hyuck Auh 한국산업식품공학회 2018 학술대회 및 심포지엄 Vol.2018 No.04
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are getting attention as delivery system for nutraceuticals due to its low toxicity and higher loading efficiency of active ingredients. However, the cytotoxicity of NLC had not fully evaluated especially on neuroblastoma. In this study, cytotoxicity of NLC and curcumin-loaded NLC (C-NLC) were evaluated on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells investigating cell morphology, mitochondrial activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production compared to H2O2 treatment as a positive control. As a result, the metabolic activity was inhibited about 40% by 250ppm of NLC along with morphological change. C-NLC exhibited 50% inhibitory effect on mitochondrial activity at 500ppm, which was lower than NLC itself. Moreover, NLCs significantly induced ROS production which was recognized as one of the indicators of cytotoxicity generated by NLCs. In conclusion, lower cytotoxic effect was observed with NLC on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma based on ROS production and these investigation could be used for further application of NLC in food industry.
Anti-inflammatory effects of Nelumbo leaf extracts and identification of their metabolites
Eunkyo Park,Gyoung Deuck Kim,Min-Sun Go,Dodan Kwon,In-Kyung Jung,Joong Hyuck Auh,Jung-Hyun Kim 대한지역사회영양학회 2017 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.11 No.4
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Nelumbo leaves have been used in traditional medicine to treat bleeding, gastritis, hemorrhoids, and halitosis. However, their mechanisms have not been elucidated. MATERIALS/METHODS: The present study prepared two Nelumbo leaf extracts (NLEs) using water or 50% ethanol. Inflammatory response was induced with LPS treatment, and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) productions were assessed. To determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of NLEs, we measured nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity. Major metabolites of NLEs were also analyzed and quantified. RESULTS: NLEs effectively reduced the expression and productions of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PGE₂ and NO. NLEs also reduced NF-κB activity by inhibiting inhibitor of NF-κB phosphorylation. Both extracts contained catechin and quercetin, bioactive compounds of NLEs. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we showed that NLEs could be used to inhibit NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. In addition, our data support the idea that NLEs can ameliorate disease conditions involving chronic inflammation.
Kwon, Dodan,Kim, Gyoung Deuck,Kang, Wonseok,Park, Jeong-Eun,Kim, Song Hee,Choe, Eunok,Kim, Jung-In,Auh, Joong-Hyuck The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.4
Actinidia arguta leaves are consumed as a popular food material in Korea and have been reported to exert beneficial effects on humans due to its constituent polyphenolic compounds. In this study, the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory compounds in A. arguta were screened and identified through ${\alpha}$-glucosidase-guided fractionation and metabolomic analysis. The 50% ethanol extracts of A. arguta showed strong inhibitory effect (32.6%), which was comparable to acarbose as a positive control (30.0%). Through multiple steps of fractionation, pinoresinol diglucoside and fertaric acid were identified as the major potent compounds in A. arguta inhibiting ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis and metabolomic comparison. Particularly, because pinoresinol and its glycosides have been demonstrated as ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory agents, pinoresinol diglucoside was proposed to be a putative key compound for ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition in A. arguta. This is the first study demonstrating the anti-diabetic effect of a pinoresinol-containing fraction of A. arguta and would be useful for its application as a natural ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitor.
Jun Hyoung Shin,Gyoung-Deuck Kim,Dong-Un Lee,Joong-Hyuck Auh 한국산업식품공학회 2016 학술대회 및 심포지엄 Vol.2016 No.10
Broccoli, one of Brassica vegetables, has been known to possess various health beneficial activities including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and anti-cancer etc. Various metabolites were indicated as active compounds in broccoli. Glucosinolates such as glucoraphanin, glucobrassicin, glucoerucin and isothiocyanates, i.e. sulforaphane, which is produced through the enzymatic action of myrosinase are getting focus as their bioactivities. In this study, we treated broccoli with pulsed electric field (PEF) processing and the metabolite profiles were investigated based on the metabolomics analysis. PEF process was applied to stem and floret of broccolis with three different levels; 500, 1000, 1500 pulses with 2 kV/cm, then metabolites were extracted with 70% methanol. Metabolomic analysis was carried out with mass spectrometry through multivariate statistical analysis based on the OPLS-DA model. Significant changes of metabolite profiles were observed by PEF treatment and specific metabolites were affected as dose dependent manner. Content of major glucosinolates compounds such as glucoerucin, glucoiberin, glucoraphanin, glucobrassicin, 4-hydroxy glucobrassicin, and 4-methoxy glucobrassicin were significantly reduced, while sulforaphane was distinctively increased in PEF treated broccolis. The results implied that myrosinase released from vacuole by PEF processing transformed glucosinolate into isothiocyanate, which would be useful findings for enhancing bioactivity of broccoli by simple PEF treatment.