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Jeong, Gwangsik,Kim, Chan Hun,Hur, Young Gul,Han, Geun-Ho,Lee, Seong Ho,Lee, Kwan-Young American Chemical Society 2018 ENERGY AND FUELS Vol.32 No.9
<P>The general hydrotreatment catalyst is an alumina supported molybdenum sulfide catalyst which is usually promoted by cobalt and nickel. However, supported catalysts are easily deactivated because of a high portion of asphaltenes, which cause pore-plugging and mass transfer limitation. For this reason, recent studies are focused on unsupported nanocatalysts especially for slurry reactor application. To synthesize nanomaterials, generally, there are top-down methods such as sputtering and bottom-up methods using chemical precursors to synthesize nanomaterials. Since the synthesis of nanomaterials with complex chemical formulas is limited in the top-down method, the bottom-up method through liquid phase reaction is mostly used. However, in the case of nanomaterials produced in the liquid phase, a calcination process is sequentially needed in order to obtain the desired crystallinity and to remove impurities. Even if it succeeds in synthesizing uniform and nanosized materials in the liquid phase process, it is difficult to finally obtain nanomaterials due to particle growth by sintering between nanomaterials in the calcination process. This study presents a new synthetic approach of Ni-doped MoS<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles via core-shell nanoclusters, enabling control of the crystallization and the size of the target nanomaterials even after a high temperature calcination process. The Ni-doped MoS<SUB>2</SUB> (Ni/Mo weight ratio = 0.45) nanoparticle exhibited the highest catalytic performance. The slab structures and surface oxidation states of the nanoparticles were investigated according to the amount of doped Ni through the analysis of TEM and XPS characteristics and also related to the catalytic performances of heavy oil upgrading.</P>
Visualization and label-free quantification of microfluidic mixing using quantitative phase imaging
Park, GwangSik,Han, Dongsik,Kim, GwangSu,Shin, Seungwoo,Kim, Kyoohyun,Park, Je-Kyun,Park, YongKeun OSA OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017 Applied optics Vol.56 No.22
<P>Microfluidic mixing plays a key role in various fields, including biomedicine and chemical engineering. To date, although various approaches for imaging microfluidic mixing have been proposed, they provide only quantitative imaging capability and require exogenous labeling agents. Quantitative phase imaging techniques, however, circumvent these problems and offer label-free quantitative information about concentration maps of microfluidic mixing. We present the quantitative phase imaging of microfluidic mixing in various types of polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic channels with different geometries; the feasibility of the present method was validated by comparing it with the results obtained by theoretical calculation based on Fick's law. (C) 2017 Optical Society of America</P>
김광식 ( Kim Gwangsik ) 한국불교사연구소 2016 문학/사학/철학 Vol.47 No.-
본 고찰은 근현대 불교사에서 간과할 수 없는 고승인 普門禪師(1906~1956)에 대한 삶과 사상을 정리한 논고이다. 보문은 짧은 생애를 살았지만 그는 한국 현대불교사, 오대산 불교권의 역사에서 강열한 역사를 남겼다. 그러나 그는 역사에서 소외되고, 사라졌다. 그래서 필자는 이 글을 통해 보문이라는 존재를 한국 현대불교사 연구의 무대로 끌어내고자 하였다. 그래서 이 고찰에서는 우선 보문의 생애를 정리하였다. 그리고 보문 행적에서의 유의점을 몇가지로 나누어 제시하였다. 그 첫째는 한암과 보문의 정체성이다. 즉 이들은 정통 선사인가 아니면 戒定慧 三學을 일치하였는 가이다. 나아가서는 僧伽五則이라 불리운 한암의 가르침을 보문이 계승하였는가이다. 둘째는 봉암사 결사의 재검토 문제이다. 현재의 봉암사 결사에 대한 이해는 성철이 중심적인 존재이다. 이는 성철의 기록과 증언을 중심으로 이해되었기 때문이다. 그러나 이제는 봉암사 결사에서 보문의 존재를 드러내야 한다는 제언이다. 셋째, 동화사 叢林과 보문과의 상관성이다. 동화사가 비구니총림에서 비구총림으로 전환되어야 한다는 것을 주장한 것이 보문이었다는 내용이다. 넷째, 보문의 행적에 나타난 수행자의 덕목이다. 여기에서 두타행, 실천성, 보살행을 수행자의 덕목으로 제시하였다. 이상과 같이 본 논고는 보문선사의 생애를 정리하면서, 보문의 역사 및 정체성에서 논의할 수 있는 몇가지 문제를 드러내고자 하였다. 이 고찰은 보문선사의 연구 및 오대산권 불교의 재이해에 도움이 되기를 기대한다. This paper is for the life and thought of Seon Master Bomun(普門禪師, 1906~1956), an old priest, who cannot be ignored in the modern Buddhist history. Although he lived for a short time, he left very strong impression in Korean modern buddhist history and the buddhist district of Mt. Odae. However, he has been ignored and disappeared in the history. So I wanted to invite him, Bomun, on the stage of the research of Korean modern buddhist history through this study. First of all, I looked into the life of Bomun. And I suggested several parts of Bomun`s whereabouts we need to get a consideration. First, it is the identifications of Han`am and Bomun. I was wondering whether they were legitimate Seon Masters or, followed Three supreme principles: Sila, Samadhi, and Prajna, and also Bomun took over Han`am`s teaching, so called Sangha`ocheuk (僧伽五則, Sangha`s five principles). Second, it is the issue on reexamining the association of Bong`am Monastery. So far, the society of Bong`am Monastery has been figured out with Seong`cheol`s record and his testimonies. Hence, it needs to disclose the existence of Bomun in the association of Bong`am Monastery. Third, it is the interrelationship between the assembly of Donghwa Monastery and Bomun. He insisted that Donghwa Monstery should be changed from the assembly of Bhikkhuni to the assembly of Bhikkhu. Forth, it is the virtue of practitioners exposed in the Bomun`s whereabout. He recommended Dhuta, Practise, and the Bodhisattvapractice as the virtues of practitioners here. In this paper, I would like to release some issues, which we are able to discuss on Bomun`s history and his identification by taking a look for the life of Seon Master, Bomun like above. I look forward to having this research helpful to understand the study of Seon Master, Bomun and the Buddhism in the district of Mt. Odae.
PrimateDB: Development of Primate Genome DB and Web Service
Woo, Taeha,Shin, Gwangsik,Kang, Taewook,Kim, Byoungchul,Seo, Jungmin,Kim, Sang Soo,Kim, Chang-Bae Korea Genome Organization 2005 Genomics & informatics Vol.3 No.2
The comparative analysis of the human and primate genomes including the chimpanzee can reveal unique types of information impossible to obtain from comparing the human genome with the genomes of other vertebrates. PrimateDB is an open depository server that provides primate genome information for the comparative genome research. The database also provides an easy access to variable information within/between the primate genomes and supports analyzed information, such as annotation and retroelements and phylogeny. The comparative analyses of more primate genomes are also being included as the long-term objective.
CleanEST: a database of cleansed EST libraries
Lee, Byungwook,Shin, Gwangsik Oxford University Press 2009 Nucleic acids research Vol.37 No.1
<P>The EST division of GenBank, dbEST, is widely used in many applications such as gene discovery and verification of exon–intron structure. However, the use of EST sequences in the dbEST libraries is often hampered by inconsistent terminology used to describe the library sources and by the presence of contaminated sequences. Here, we describe CleanEST, a novel database server that classified dbEST libraries and removes contaminants. We classified all dbEST libraries according to species and sequencing center. In addition, we further classified human EST libraries by anatomical and pathological systems according to eVOC ontologies. For each dbEST library, we provide two different cleansed sequences: ‘pre-cleansed’ and ‘user-cleansed’. To generate pre-cleansed sequences, we cleansed sequences in dbEST by alignment of EST sequences against well-known contamination sources: UniVec, <I>Escherichia coli</I>, mitochondria and chloroplast (for plant). To provide user-cleansed sequences, we built an automatic user-cleansing pipeline, in which sequences of a user-selected library are cleansed on-the-fly according to user-selected options. The server is available at http://cleanest.kobic.re.kr/ and the database is updated monthly.</P>