공동주택 단지내 외부 소음의 예측에 관한 연구

이광태,김흥수 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.14 No.2

공동주택의 건설예정지로서 소음의 면에서 문제가 없는 부지를 선정할 수 있다면 최선이겠지만, 도시역에서 편리성이 높은 지역은 거의 간선도로, 고속도로 또는 철도 등에 근접하여 결코 좋은 음환경이라고는 말할 수 없는 경우가 많다. 이와같은 지역에 집합주택을 건설할 때는 당연 소음대책을 고려하지 않으면 안된다. 우선, 음원조건의 조사로부터 시작해서 문제가 있으면 음원대책을 행하는 것이 가장 효과가 기대되지만, 일반적으로는 여러 조건으로 움직이기 어려운 경우가 많기 때문에, 많은 경우 배치계획 이후의 단지계획 중에서 처리할 수 밖에 없다. 본 연구는 이러한 점에 착안하여 건물의 단지계획에 따른 단지내의 소음값과 도로교통의 조건에 따른 소음값을 사전에 예측할 수 있는 시뮬레이션을 개발하고 예측치와 실측치를 비교 ·검증 ·분석한다. 본 연구는 소음에 대한 문헌고찰을 통하여 올바를 소음예측의 바탕이 되는 이론적 고찰을 한후, 이것을 근거로 공동주택 단지내의 외부소음 예측을 위하여 조사.분석을 아래와 같은 방법으로 행한다. ①도로소음조건에 따라 소음원의 음향파워를 예측 또는 실측한다. ②소음점과 수음점 사이의 소음전파 경로를 분석하여 이를 유니트화하고, 이를 조합하여 단지내의 소음레벨을 예측한다. ③도로소음을 패치패턴에 따라서 결정하는 ??과 교통량의 조건에 따라 결정하는 ??를 예측한다. ④부산, 마산, 창원 소재 공동주택단지를 대상으로 단지내 소음을 측정하고 예측치와 실측치를 비교.검증한다. It is the best to select out the quiet site on the stage of making a plan for the apartment. But almost all districts convenient for living in the city are of bad environment, because it usually is next to the ordinary-way and the railroad. We should seek for the means for the noise control before building the apartments on such districts. First of all, it is the most effective to investigate the acoustic problems on the side of the sound source, and to consider a counter-measure of the noise control for those problems. But those cannot be improved because it takes long times to develope the low-noised apparatus with the engine included. On those concepts, we developed the simulation for predicting the noise level on the basis of the apartment layouts and the traffic conditions. But it is difficult to calculate the noise level decided by the layouts, and so we made the multitude of units for sound propagation(Fig.22)and added them to that level. We measured the sound pressure levels of outdoor noise in four apartment sites locationed in Pusan, Changwon and Masan. And after analyzing the predicted values and the measured ones, we approximately found the differences 2∼3dB(A). Therefore it is considered that the developed simulation will be used for predicting the outdoor noise level in apartment districts. But there were a lot of problems solved on the curved road or the one where the traffic light is established.

구강악안면외과와 관련된 국내 학술지의 통계분석방법의 적용에 대한 연구

박광범,강태호,박정열 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2003 口腔生物學硏究 Vol.27 No.1

The purpose of this study to evaluate the statistical errors of domestic articles in the Journal of Korean Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons and the Journal of Korean Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons. Of the articles, 131 articles were included which analyzed the data statistically. We made a checklist for detecting the errors according to the following steps: the of the experiment, the application of analytic method, and conclusion of the experiment. The results of this study were as follows 1. There were significant statistical errors in 23 of all 131 articles which may 18%. 2. Statistical errors in sample representive were 21 portions of 66 articles, in which the error rate of the sample design was 85.7% and the error rate of the classification and grouping was 14.3%. 3. Statistical errors in data description were 21 portions of 65 articles, in which the error rate of the measure of location was 85.7% and the error rate of the measure of dispersion was 33.3%. 4. Statistical errors in t-test were 78 portions of 41 articles, in shich the error rate of the normality was 51.3%, the error rate of the equality of variance was 46.2% and the error rate of the independence of observations was 2.5%. 5. Statistical errors in x^2 test were 8 portions of 3 articles, in which the error rate of the null hypothesis and the independence of observations was 37.5% and the error rate of the small number hypothesis was 25%. 6. Statistical errors in variance analysis were 18 Portions of 11 articles, in which the error rate of the null hypothesis was 44.4%, the error rate of the normality was 39% and the error rate or the sample size was 16.6% 7. Statistical errors in regression analysis were 8 Portions of 5 articles, which in the error rate of the normality of observations was 50%, the error rate of the additional model test was 37.5% and the error rate of the multicollinearity was 12.5%.

일 간호대학의 간호환경시스템 통합실습방안 적용 : 간호관리학과 지역사회간호학의 통합

김광숙,이경자,김의숙,이정렬,김인숙,이태화,조윤희,정제인,이현정,배선형,김은현 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2008 간호행정학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: Integrated curriculum has been considered as a desirable method in health related school course. The present study was conducted to develop practice curriculum which integrates nursing management and community health nursing and measure the education effect. Method: Literature review and scores of professional meeting were carried out to generate main educational goals, contents, operating principle, and evaluation item. Student evaluation was done by survey and in-dept interview in right after practicum and three months respectively. Results: Six concepts were derived as main component of the integrated curriculum. From 2 to 3 sub-categories were matched to each main component as well. Subsequently, practice contents were suggested on the basis of sub-categories. Attainment of practicum goal scores ranged from 2.82 to 3.54 in four points index. Students expressed that they found nursing manager's role in the community setting. Conclusion: This new approach encouraged students to ascertain relationship between hospital oriented and community based practice. Additionally, they can be prepared to comprehend diverse health care environment.

공동주택 단지내 도로체계 및 주동배치에 관한 연구

이광태 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1

공동주택은 가용택지 부족에 따른 단위주호를 집단화 하므로서 토지의 효율적인 이용이 가능할 뿐아니라 각종시설 및 설비의 고도화에 따른 주생활의 효율화, 관리의 容易, 공동화의 利點을 추구 할 수 있어 주거에서 차지하는 비중이 날로 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 수많은 아파트 단지가 건설·계획되어졌으나 대부분 토지 이용의 극대화와 주택의 양적 공급에 차중하므로서 인간의 定住환경은 쾌적성을 상실하게 되었다. 특히 외부공간은 주동을 배치하고 남은 여분의 대지에 도로 및 주차장을 설치한 후, 접근성이 불량한 대지에 다시 놀이터, 휴게소 등을 설치하여 거의 사용되지 않는 빈 공간에 최소한의 녹지공간을 설치하므로서 외부공간은 그 기능을 발휘하지 못할 뿐아니라 건물과 외부공간, 외부공간 상호간에 유기적 관계가 확보되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 점에 착안하여 공동주택의 계획시 보다 합리적이고 체계적이며 이용에 있어 더욱 효율성 있는 외부공간을 구성하기위해, 대지형상과 호수밀도가 어떠한 관계를 갖는지와 호수밀도가 단지 내 도로체계 및 주동배치에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 비교·분석하고, 주동배치가 대지형상과 단지내 도로체계와 어떠한 상관을 갖는지를 종합적으로 검토하여 보았다. The importance of multi-family housing has been being increased because of the merit of the effect use of land, the comfortness of housing with the compact installation of equipments, convenience of management and commonage of various facilities. And so, a lot of apartment sites were planned and constructed widely as main housing systems. But the highlization of land use and the quantative supply of house made the qualitative conditions of liveliness and comfortness worse. Especially. the outdoor open space was not functioned well, because the apartment was layouted first of all, the vacant areas enclosed by those apartment buildings was used for parking lots. Only the wasted areas was planned for playground, and rest place etc. On those concepts, we first investigated pre-existed apartment lots and typified main roads and apartment layouts. Secondly, we found out the relations of density with site shape, main inner road, apartment layout. Third, we seeked for apartment-layolut type according to the site shape and main-road system.

牙山灣 底魚類 : Ⅱ. 鍾組成의 晝夜 및 季節變動 Ⅱ. Diurnal and Seasonal Variation in Abundance and Species Composition

李泰源,金光天 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 연구논문집 Vol.12 No.-

Diurnal and seasonal variation of demersal fishes of Asan Bay were studied using seasonal samples collected by an otter trawl from autumn 1989 to summer 1990. For each sampling period, three to five trawl hauls were completed to obtain day and night samples. Of 32 species identified, Chaturichthys stigmatias, Cynoglossus joyneri, Thrissa koreana, Repomucenus lunatus and Hexagrammos otakii accounted for 79.5% of the individuals collected, and C. joyneri, T. koreana, H. otakii, Raja kenojei and Kareius bicoloratus constituted 67.1% of the biomass obtained. Apparently, larger number of individuals and greater biomass were collected in night hauls. However, there is no significant difference between day and night samples in community structure, mean abundance and body length of the dominant demersal species. The greatest numbers and biomass of fishes were collected in summer and the lowest in winter. The abundance of fishes in the study area were dependent upon seasonal effects such as temperature.

陰2進法 變煥回路의 設計

안광선,朴圭泰 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1977 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

. In the common positional number representation system, adoption of negative bases results in a system that can represent both positive and negative numbers with equal facility without the use of complementation method or the signs +and -. In this paper, conversion algorithm between negative and positive radix representation is considered for an arvitrary integer radix and the results established are applied to the logic circuits design of a serial radix(-2) converter that converts standard binary numbers to nega-binary numbers. This converter is considered to perform the important role in system that utilizes both negative and positive radix binany number systems.

音樂用 홀 平面類型의 變遷過程에 關한 硏究

이광태 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1998 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.3

홀 설계시, 많은 건축가들은 건축 디자인 적 측면에서는 우수한 디자인 감각과 능력을 소유하고 있으나, 그들 대다수가 음향적 측면에서의 훌륭한 홀을 평가할 수 있는 음악적 감각은 대체로 겸비하지 못하고 있다. 반면, 음향적 측면에서는 세세한 음향적 평가와 측정에 대한 연구는 세세한 영역에까지 발달하고 있으나, 다양한 홀 형태까지 결정하여 줄 수 있는 음향기술자는 드문 것이 현 실정이다. 또한 홀 형태 결정을 위한 평면 유형의 고찰도 그다지 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 점에 착안하여, 음악용 홀의 계획·디자인 단계에서 최적의 평면형태를 결정하기 위한 방향을 제시하고자, 음악용 홀의 평면유형의 변천과정에 관한 연구를 행하였다. 음향적으로 양호한 평가를 받고 있는 음악용 홀로서 객석수가 500석 이상이고 실용적이 5.000㎥ 이상인 콘서트 홀, 주용도가 음악용인 다목적 홀과 오페라 극장을 연구 대상으로 하여, 평면유형의 변천과정을 고찰한 결과, 평면 유형의 발전단계 뿐만 아니라 널리 사용되었던 연대를 명확하게 개괄할 수가 있으며, 같은 평면 유형일지라도 홀의 사용목적에 따라 사용빈도를 달리하는 것을 알 수 있었다. When the music hall is being designed, many architects have the superior senses in which they are capable of planning and designing its shape. But most of them don't accurately the acoustical estimation for the music hall. Even if the study on the acoustical estimation and measurement is being widely processed, it is ordinary that there are few acoustical consultants who can make an practical advice for decision of the interior shape of the hall. And the typification and analysis of the plan and section has not almost been studied. On the basis of the above-mentioned problems, this study was attempted to investigate how the plans have been developed and how often they have been used on the focus of the functions of the music hall(that is to say, the concert hall, the multi-purpose hall mainly for the concert and the opera hall). The acoustically good-estimated auditoriums for symphony performance with more than 500 seats and 5.000㎥ were selected. While examining the developed process of plans, we could approximately inspect the period of years when each plan had been used, and find out that plans frequently used are different from each other according to the purpose of auditoriums.

음장 시뮬레이션에 의한 실내음향설계의 문제점 및 그 전망에 관한 연구

이광태 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1994 硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

폐공간의 실내음장의 음현상을 수치해석적 수법에 의해서 근사예측하는 음장예측 시뮤레이션의 기본적 개념 및 실제 건축음향설계에의 적용성을 검토하여 문제점을 도출하고 장래의 음장예측 시스템의 방향을 제시하여보았다. Various computer-oriented simulation systems have been developed rapidly, approximately to predict the characteristics of the sound field in the closed space of rooms, by means of numerical analysis techniques. And they are widely being used to the practical acoustical design But In spite of all this activity, it cannot be mentioned that they have been successfully applied to the design and able to predict accurately the acoustical characteristics of the room for music or speech design and able to predict accurately the acoustical characteristics of the room for music or speech It is therefore important to examine the general problems of the basic theories, which the simulations are based on, and the realistic problems on practical applications of them. And through such an approach, We will be able to provide a valuable help to efficiently improving shortcomings of these simulations and developing more powerful alternatives to the effective and easy-to-use computer simulation.

우관상정맥동에서 기시하는 단일 관상동맥 1예

정현광,김태우,조윤성,김강민,장재훈,이재우,정준훈 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Coronary artery anomalies are found incidentally in approximately 1% of all patients undergoing routine coronary angiography. Of these, an isolated single coronary artery anomaly is the rarest one. Patients with an isolated single coronary anomaly may present with symptoms such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, syncope, sudden death, and congestive heart failure. We report a case of single coronary artery anomaly with the left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary artery originating from the right coronary artery.

강우시 불포화 토사사면의 간극수압 변화 특성

심태섭,김선학,신태욱,이광모 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 2004 建設技術硏究 Vol.24 No.2

This study manufactured model slope in soil. When it is rainfall. It experimented weathered granite soil to be distributed in korea mostly as dividing into two soil sample SP, SM, Moreover, inclination of slope(1:1~1:2) and rainfall strength (50~150mm/hr) divided into five step and it observed seepage behavior of slope according to inclination of slope and rainfall strength. It has manufactured six pore water pressure cells in the lower end of model soil box for measuring pore water pressure to be most important factor of slope failure and analyzed change of pore water pressure according to location of slope when rainfall is continued. Change of saturation depth according to experiment condition is measured through the whole soil box by eyes. In result, in case of being in different rainfall strength in sample inclination. The higher rainfall strength rises, The faster seepage of rain progresses. If angle become gentle from 1:1 to 1:2, The seepage velocity increase, too. If compared theoretical number to calculate by ◁수식 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요), that Lumb propose with seepage depth to be measured through indoor model test. As a result, Seepage velocity to measure actually is faster than seepage velocity by formula for Lumb to propose If angle become steep, If shows a tendency for pore water pressure to increase in slope angle from 1:22 to 1:1.5. But in angle from 1:1.5 to 1:1, If angle become steep, It shows a tendency for pore water pressure to decrease gradually as standardizing slope angle 1:1.5, According to rainfall strength increases from 50mm/hr to 150mm/hr. Pore water pressure increases in proportion to rainfall strength.es with the much increase of the pore water pressure.