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흰쥐 해마박편에서 veratrine과 고농도 포타슘자극시 칼슘이온이 glutamic acid 유리에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : A role of calcium
조무길,김형룡,김관식 대한구강생물학회 1990 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.14 No.2
Present study was performed to clarify the effect of calcium on the release of glutamic acid employing hippocampal slices. Hippocampal slices(300∼400㎛ thick) were prepared by the method of Kim et al.(1988) and pre-equilibrated in Krebs-bicarbonate medium(KBM, pH 7.4) for 1hr at 37℃. In case of veratrine induced glutamic acid release, pre-equilibrated slices were incubated in fresh KBM and then veratrine(25μM)-containing KBM for 10 min period in the presence or absence of 2.5mM Ca^++. In case of potassium-induced glutamic acid release, pre-equilibrated slices were incubated in fresh KBM and then potassium(50mM)-containing KBM for 5 min period in the presence or absence of 2.5mM Ca^++. Basal and veratrine and potassium-induced release of glutamic acid was determined from recovered medium by HPLC. The observed results were as follows: 1. The release of glutamic acid induced by the 10 min-exposure of 25μM veratrine and 5 min-exposure of 50mM potassium in the presence of 2.5mM Ca^++ was 330.9±25 nmol and 129.6±20.6 nmol, respectively. When compared with released amounts of glutamic acid during the corresponding spontaneous periods, these were 7.8 and 5.1-fold increase respectively. 2. the release of glutamic acid induced by the 10 min-exposure of 25μM veratrine and 5 min-exposure of 50mM potassium in the absence of Ca^++ was 361.8±31.9 nmol and 62.5±7.5 nmol, respectively. When compared with released amounts of glutamic acid during the corresponding spontaneous periods, these were 8.2 and 2.4-fold increase respectively.
고소현,박관수,강길남,방병욱,김동일 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2005 농업과학연구 Vol.32 No.1
This study was carried out to examine the effect of heavy traffic on chemical properties of soil in roadside trees of Daejeon city. Soil samples at 0~10cm and 10~30cm depths were collected from soil of the roadside trees, Platanus occidentalis. and Ginko biloba. Soil pH in heavy traffic regions were around 7.0 at 0~10 cm and 10~30cm soil depths because of spraying of calcium chloride for snow moving. The concentrations of Fe, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb in soil were higher in heavy traffic regions(Daejeon Station and Daehwa Industrial Complex) than in light traffic region(Chungnam National University). The result could be from rubbing and wear of car tire and metals when they travel.
( Gwan Hee Yoon ),( Soon Hee Kim ),( Moon Suk Kim ),( Hyung Sik Shin ),( John M. Rhee ),( Gil Son Khang ),( Hai Bang Lee ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2007 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.4 No.4
In our previous study, we manufactured a composite poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement by the impregnation of 3 wt.% of the surface-modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) powder using methyl methacrylate (MMA)/xylene solution into conventional PMMA bone cement. However, the xylene which remains in the composite hybrid PMMA bone cement could induce chemical cellular necrosis due to its toxicity. In this study, various ratios of methyl methacrylate (MMA) (mL)/PMMA (g) solutions were used for the surface modification of UHMWPE powder to overcome xylene toxicity. The surface modification of UHMWPE powder had two steps; (1) UHMWPE powder was surface-treated by MMA/PMMA solution and (2) the surfacetreated UHMWPE powder was surface-precoated with polymerized PMMA from MMA monomer (polyMMA). The aims of the present study were to observe the surfaces of the surface-modified UHMWPE powder with MMA/ PMMA solution using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), to analyze the changes in the chemical composition of the surface-modified UHMWPE powder using a Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance (FTIRATR), to measure the tensile strengths for mechanical properties and the curing temperatures for thermal properties of the composite PMMA bone cements which were manufactured by the impregnation of 3 wt.% of the surfacemodified UHMWPE powder into conventional PMMA bone cement, and to sketch a possible interfacial bonding mechanism between the surface-treated UHMWPE powder and polyMMA. It was confirmed that the tensile strengths of the composite PMMA bone cements were similar to that (44.5 MPa) of conventional PMMA bone cement and a litter higher than that (33.8 MPa) of 3 wt.% of intact UHMWPE powder impregnated PMMA bone cement. Also, it was found that 3 wt.% of the surface-modified UHMWPE powder with the ratio of 40 (mL) to 0.5 (g) of MMA to PMMA impregnated PMMA bone cement revealed the maximum tensile strength. The curing temperatures of the composite PMMA bone cements decreased from 103oC to 88~95oC. From the above results, we confirmed that the surface-modified UHMWPE powder can use as reinforcing agent to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of conventional PMMA bone cement.
장길식 ( Gil Sik Jang ),김연희 ( Yun Hee Kim ),최영섭 ( Young Seop Choi ),김승호 ( Seung Ho Kim ),김종민 ( Jong Min Kim ),배석진 ( Seok Jin Bae ),조영관 ( Young Gwan Cho ),구태형 ( Tae Hyoung Koo ) 한국환경농학회 2016 한국환경농학회지 Vol.35 No.2
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to evaluate the soil quality to cultivate crops in urban garden. METHODS AND RESULTS: During the period of six month from March to August 2015, measured eight heavy metals, seven Organic items and Fluorine on seventeen urban sites and thirty-one suburban sites in Gwangju city. METHODS AND RESULTS: The average concentration and range of heavy metal in soil are 0.15 mg/kg(ND-0.6) for Cd, 14.9 mg/kg(1.5-33.3) for Cu, 4.4 mg/kg(0.4-71.8) for As, 0.05 mg/kg(ND-1.366) for Hg, 24.7 mg/kg(13.1-62.7) for Pb, 102.5 mg/kg(49.1-276.4) for Zn and 9.2 mg/kg(ND-90.1) for Ni but Cr6+ is not detected. The average value and range of soil fertility items are 253.5mg/kg(76.6-1766.0) for fluorine, 6.4(4.8-7.7) for pH, 20.3 g/kg(5.0-44.0) for orangic matters, 562.7 mg/kg (28.0-1672.0) for available phosphate, 0.6 cmol+/kg (0.1-2.3) for K, 9.7 cmol+/kg (2.7-22.0) for Ca, 3.0 cmol+/kg (0.9-7.4) for Mg, 1.0 ds/m(0.2-2.9) for conductivity. The concentration of Hg in Suburban area is 0.005 mg/kg lower than 0.134 mg/kg in urban area. Also, the concentration of As, Cd, Ni and Zn is lower than urban area as 32%, 37%, 51%, 71% respectively. CONCLUSION: According to SPI index of soil contamination, 39 sites are first degree and 8 sites are second degree and 1 site(41th) is fourth degree. Pb and Cd are not detected and As is detected tiny amounts in plants grown polluted soil, so heavy metals have not moved to plants.
온도 증가와 건조 스트레스에 따른 소나무 풍매차대묘의 가계간 생장, 광합성 및 광색소 함량 차이
김길남 ( Gil Nam Kim ),한심희 ( Sim Hee Han ),박관수 ( Gwan Soo Park ) 한국농림기상학회 2014 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.16 No.4
The impacts of high temperature and drought were studied on the seedlings of three families (superiorgangwon74, intermediate-gangwon77 and inferior-gangwon132) of P. densiflora which had been selected by the based on the growth indexes of 32-year-old. The seedlings were grown in controlled-environment growth chambers with combinations of four temperatures (-3oC, 0oC, +3oC, +6oC; based on the monthly average for 30 years in Korea) and two water conditions (control, drought). The growth performance, photosynthetic parameters and photosynthetic pigment contents were measured at every 30 days under four temperatures and drought condition, and the end of each treatment. The superior family showed higher relative diameter at root collar growth rate and the dry weight than intermediate and inferior family in all treatments. Under elevated temperature and drought condition, growth rate was decreased, and seedlings showed lower growth rate than that of control in three families under low temperature. Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of three families decreased with the increase of temperature and drought condition, and that of seedlings under low temperature was lower than control. But under elevated temperature and drought condition, water use efficiency increased in three families. Photosynthetic pigment contents of leaves decreased under the increase of temperature and drought condition, but chlorophyll a/b ratio increased with the increase of temperature and drought condition in three families. The superior family showed higher total chlorophyll content than intermediate and inferior family in all treatments. In conclusion, P. densiflora is under changed temperature and drought condition, growth was decreased, seedlings more affected in elevated temperature than that of decreased temperature. The increase in monthly average temperature in Korea of more than 6oC, P. densiflora seedling growth in depending on region may decrease. In this study, the superior family(gangwon74) showed more excellent growth and physiological responses than intermediate (gangwon77) and inferior(gangwon132) family under changes temperature and drought.