Is Economic Globalization Destructive to Air Quality? Empirical Evidence from China

GURBUZ, Eren Can Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.10

Recently, as carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions have increased overall and contributed to air pollution, and awareness of environmental degradation has grown. This study examines the impacts and causalities of economic globalization, economic growth, energy consumption, and capital formation on CO₂ emissions in China over the period 1971-2014. The vector error correction model (VECM) and Granger causality test on time-series data are employed to observe the interactions between CO₂ emission, economic globalization, and various economic factors, including economic growth, energy consumption, and capital formation, since China's early stage of globalization. The empirical results indicate the existence of bidirectional causalities from economic growth, gross capital formation, economic globalization, and CO₂ emission to energy consumption, and bidirectional casualty from energy consumption to CO₂ emission relationships in the short run. The findings of this study suggest that indirect bidirectional causalities from economic growth, economic globalization, and capital formation to CO₂ emission through energy consumption are observed. Moreover, economic globalization accelerates CO₂ emission in the short run but decreases it in the long run. To reduce CO₂ emissions, and to ensure sustainable economic growth and economic globalization progress, some crucial energy-saving and energy-efficiency policies, regulatory rules, and laws are recommended.

Infection of Cranioplasty Seen Twenty Years Later

Gurbuz, Mehmet Sabri,Celik, Ozgur,Berkman, Mehmet Zafer The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2012 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.52 No.5

Cranioplasty is performed using autograft and allograft materials on patients to whom craniectomy was applied previously due to the facts that, this region is open to trauma and the scalp makes irritation and pressure onto the brain paranchyma causing brain atrophy and convulsions. Dramatical improvement of neurological deficits, control of convulsions and partial prevention of cerebral atrophy are achieved after these operations. One of the most important complications of cranioplasty is late infection. Here, we report a 43-year-old male patient admitted with the history of purulant discharge from the right temporal incission site for one year to whom cranioplasty had been performed with allograft material 20 days after craniectomy which had been performed in 1989. Allograft cranioplasty material was removed and cranioplasty was performed using new allograft material with the diagnosis of late cranioplasty infection.

Can Propofol Lead to an Increase in Seizure Threshold Over the Course of Electroconvulsive Therapy?

Hande Gurbuz Aytuluk,Tahsin Simsek,Mehmet Yilmaz,Ayse Zeynep Turan,Kemal Tolga Saracoglu 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.4

Objective: To evaluate the effects of 2 different dose regimens of propofol (low dose: < 1 mg/kg, high dose: ≥ 1 mg/kg) on the duration of the seizures, the required energy for the seizures, and the seizure threshold over the course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Methods: The electronic medical records of 165 patients receiving 971 sessions of ECT were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were evaluated in two groups according to the according to propofol doses that they had received for ECT. Group LP (n = 91): patients who received low dose propofol (< 1 mg/kg). Group HP (n = 74): patients who received high dose propofol (≥ 1 mg/kg). Results: The required energy for seizures in Group HP were significantly higher than the Group LP in the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, and 9th sessions (p < 0.05). The duration of seizures in the Group HP were significantly lower than the Group LP in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 7th, and 8th sessions (p < 0.05). Higher electrical stimulus was needed to acquire a minimum length of seizure (> 25 sn) during the course of ECT in higher propofol doses. Although there was an increase in the seizure threshold over the course of ECT in both groups, this increase was found to be much more pronounced in the high-dose propofol group according to the low-dose propofol group. Longer duration of seizures was observed in the low-dose propofol group. Conclusion: Higher doses of propofol in induction of anesthesia can lead to a more progressive rise in seizure threshold than lower doses of propofol.

Is Activating Transcription Factor 3 Up-Regulated in Patients with Hypospadias?

Cenk Gurbuz,Selamettin Demir,Ebru Zemheri,Lutfi Canat,Mert Kilic,Turhan Caskurlu 대한비뇨의학회 2010 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.51 No.8

Purpose: Even though hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies, the cause of hypospadias is largely unknown. With regard to molecular biology and microarray technology, it appears that hypospadias is potentially related to disrupted gene expression. Genomic analysis of hypospadiac tissue indicated a potential role for activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in the development of this anomaly. This study prospectively examined the expression of ATF3 in tissues from 20 children with hypospadias compared with 26 normal penile skin tissue samples from elective circumcision. Materials and Methods: Prepucial tissue was obtained from children who underwent repair of hypospadias for comparison with tissue samples from children who underwent elective circumcision. Skin specimens were evaluated for the expression of ATF3 protein by immunohistochemical staining. Results: Immunohistochemical staining for ATF3 in samples from children who underwent repair of hypospadias was significantly greater than in samples from children who underwent elective circumcision (80% vs. 11%, respectively; p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results indicate that ATF3 is up-regulated in the penile skin tissue of boys with hypospadias, which suggests a role for this transcription factor in the development of this abnormality.

Antimicrobial effect of PEG–PLA on food-spoilage microorganisms

Yasemin Sahan,Ozan Gurbuz,Gulsen Goncagul,Ali Kara,Cuneyt Ozakin 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.4

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethylene glycol–polylactic acid (PEG–PLA) have an organic structure and no negative effect on human health. The present study compares the antimicrobial effectiveness of PEG and PEG–PLA on microbial growth. The following pathogens and fungi were examined: seven bacteria strains and 10 fungi (four yeasts and six molds). PEG, a non-modified polymer, exhibited no inhibition effect on all test microorganisms. However, the antimicrobial effect increased with the concentration of PEG–PLA. Bacteria showed more sensitivity to PEG–PLA compared with the other microorganisms used in this study. Enterobacter ATCC 19434 was found to be the most resistant bacteria. Molds and yeasts were more resistant than bacteria against PEG–PLA. MIC and MFC could not be determined on the tested fungi owing to the level of concentrations used, with the exception of the yeast Candida albicans and the molds Penicillium expansum and Aspergillus parasiticus.

The production of Ni and co-gahnite pigments using ZnO powder produced from metal slags

Emel Ozel,Nail Gurbuz,Emrah Coskun 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2010 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.11 No.2

In this study, Ni and Co-gahnite pigments were produced from Al2O3 powder and ZnO powder obtained from industrial metal slags. Different pigment compositions were prepared by adding metal oxides (NiO or Co3O4) and mineralisers (NaF, CaF2 or Li2CO3). Pigments were calcined in an electric furnace at 1300, 1400 and 1450 oC for 4 h at a heating rate of 2 K·minute−1. The pigment powders obtained were added to a transparent ceramic glaze and to porcelainised tile bodies. The pigment colours were determined using L*a*b* measurements from a spectrometer. On one hand, the results show that Ni-gahnite pigment is not useful for industrial applications because it has poor colour intensities and stabilities. On the other hand, our results also show that Co-gahnite pigments can be produced using ZnO from industrial metal slags, and that they have an intense blue colour.

Determination of Nutritive Value of Wild Mustard, Sinapsis arvensis Harvested at Different Maturity Stages Using In situ and In vitro Measurements

Kamalak, Adem,Canbolat, Onder,Gurbuz, Yavuz,Ozkan, Cagri Ozgur,Kizilsimsek, Mustafa Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.9

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of maturity stage on the nutritive value of wild mustard straw in terms of chemical composition, in situ, in vitro dry matter degradability and calculated ME. The nutritive values of wild mustard, Sinapsis arvensis hays harvested at three stages were evaluated by chemical composition, in vitro gas production and in situ dry matter degradation methods. Gas production or dry matter (DM) degradation were determined at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and their kinetics were described using the equation p = a+b(1-e$^{-ct}$). Maturity had a significant effect on both the chemical composition and degradability of wild mustard. Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) (p<0.001) increased with increasing maturity whereas the crude protein (CP) (p<0.001) decreased. The gas produced after 96 h incubation ranged between 64.7 and 81.5 ml per 0.200 g of dry matter. The gas production (ml) at all incubation times and estimated parameters decreased with increasing maturity of wild mustard. The gas production at all incubation times and estimated parameters (a, b (a+b), metabolizable energy (ME) and organic matter digestibility (OMD)) were negatively correlated with NDF and ADF. The DM disappearance after 96 h incubation ranged between 50.8 and 76.1%. The in situ DM disappearance at all incubation times and estimated parameters decreased with increasing maturity of wild mustard. The in situ dry matter disappearance at all incubation times and some estimated parameters (c, a, b and effective dry matter degradability (EDMD)) were negatively correlated with NDF and ADF but positively correlated with CP. The nutritive value of wild mustard continually changed as it matured. Wild mustard, harvested at the proper stage of maturity offers considerable potential as a high quality forage for ruminants during the winter feeding period. The present study showed that if higher quality forage is an objective, wild mustard should be harvested at the early flowering stage.

Enlargement Ratio May Predict Device Size in Elderly Patients with Atrial Septal

Semi Ozturk,Ahmed Seyfettin Gurbuz,Suleyman Cagen Efe,Mehmet Fatih Yilmaz,Cevat Kirma 대한심장학회 2017 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.47 No.5

Background and Objectives Balloon sizing remains the main technique for determining occluder device size for atrial septal defects (ASDs). New evidence has proposed that accurate estimation of device size could be possible without using the balloon technique. Operators have predicted the amount of possible enlargement depending on their experiences. Thus, selection criteria have mostly relied on personal observations and experiences. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between age, sex, defect size, and deployed device size based on the balloon technique. Subjects and Methods Sixty-six patients who underwent percutaneous ASD closure with a Cardi-O-Fix occluder between 2011 and 2012 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients whose maximum defect size and device size were available were included. Enlargement amount (EA) (device size−defect size) and enlargement ratio (ER) (EA/defect size) were calculated. The relationship between these 2 calculations and age, sex, and defect size were analyzed. Results EA and ER were 5.2±3.6 mm (min: 0, max: 15, median: 5) and 39.3%±31.5% (min: 0, max: 125, median: 32), respectively. EA and ER did not differ between genders (p=0.800; p=0.430). EA and ER were not correlated with maximum defect size (p=0.310; p=0.050). EA and ER showed no correlation with age (p=0.970; p=0.640). However when patients were dichomotized based on age 40, ER was significantly lower in older group (p=0.030). Unexpectedly, no difference was observed between the 2 groups in terms of EA (p=0.110). Size of deployed device had a strong correlation with defect size measured with two-dimensional (2D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE; device size=1.1177×TEE defect size+3.5297; R=0.84; p<0.010). Conclusion EA and ER did not show a significant correlation with sex and defect size in our study. Patients older than 40 had a significantly lower ER compared to younger patients. Device size was strongly correlated with defect size measured with TEE.

Comparison of complication rates after transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte pick-up procedures with respect to ovarian response

Gungor, Nur Dokuzeylul,Gurbuz, Tugba,Onal, Murat The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2022 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.49 No.2

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the complication rates of oocyte pick-up (OPU) procedures via transvaginal ultrasonography in patients with different levels of ovarian reserve. Methods: In total, 789 patients who underwent OPU procedures for in vitro fertilization (IVF) were included in the study. Results: Individuals with normal ovarian reserve had a 2.947-fold higher risk of complications in OPU procedures than individuals with low ovarian reserve, and individuals with high ovarian reserve had a 7.448-fold higher risk of complications than individuals with low ovarian reserve. In addition, a higher number of IVF trials was associated with an increased risk of complications. Conclusion: The results of this study show that OPU has a higher risk of complications, particularly severe pain, in patients with high ovarian reserve. It is thought that complications can be reduced by preferring mild stimulation in patients with high ovarian reserve. Collecting fewer oocytes is also associated with a lower risk of complications from OPU. Even if a patient's reserve is very good, fewer and higher-quality oocytes should be targeted with the use of the lowest possible dose of drugs.

Chemical Composition and Its Relationship to In vitro Gas Production of Several Tannin Containing Trees and Shrub Leaves

Kamalak, Adem,Canbolat, Onder,Gurbuz, Yavuz,Ozay, Osman,Ozkose, Emin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.2

The aim of this experiment was to determine the chemical composition of six commonly utilized fodder trees and shrub species in Turkey, namely Glycrrhiza glabra L, Arbutus andrachne, Carpinus betilus, Juniperus communis, Quercus libari L and Pistica lentiscus and its relationship with gas production and estimated parameters when incubated with rumen fluid in vitro. There were significant (p<0.001) differences between leaves in terms of crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), total condensed tannin (TCT), bound condensed tannin (BCT) and soluble condensed tannin (SCT). Crude protein contents ranged from 5.74% (Juniperus communis) to 12.59% (Glycrrhiza glabra L). Acid detergent fiber contents ranged from 25.14% (Glycrrhiza glabra L) to 39.23% (Juniperus communis). Total condensed tannin (TCT) contents of leaves ranged from 4.34% (Quercus libari L) to 20.34% (Juniperus communis). Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and total condensed tannin contents of leaves were negatively correlated with gas productions and some estimated parameters. Potential gas productions (A) of Glycrrhiza glabra L, Arbutus andrachne, Quercus libari L and Pistica lentiscus were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of Carpinus betilus and Juniperus communis whereas gas production rate (${\mu}_{24}$) of Pistica lentiscus was significantly (p<0.001) higher than the others. Time (h) to produce 50% of total gas pool size ($T_{50}$) of Juniperus communis was significantly (p<0.001) lower than that of Carpinus betilus whereas time (h) to produce 90% of total gas pool size ($T_{90}$) of Juniperus communis was significantly lower than the others except for Pistica lentiscus. The metabolizable energy (ME) contents of leaves ranged from 8.86 to 10.39 MJ $kg^{-1}$ DM. The results obtained in this study suggested that browse species had a significant effect on chemical composition, gas production and estimated parameters of leaves. Leaves from Glycrrhiza glabra L with a considerable amount of CP had a high rank value in terms of ME. Therefore leaves from Glycrrhiza glabra L may have a high potential value for small ruminant animals in terms of rumen and whole digestibility. Leaves from other species studied require protein supplementation when they are the only feed consumed by ruminant animals.