John Barth's The End of the Road: A Postmodernist Critique of Psychological Immobility

Gumhee Che 한국중앙영어영문학회 2002 영어영문학연구 Vol.44 No.2

주인공 Jacob Horner의 정신적 부동성 (마비)은 작품 The End of the Road를 분석하는데 있어서 중요한 실마리가 된다. 마치 Barth의 또 다른 작품인 The Floating Opera의 Todd Andrews가 화장실에서 찬물로 세수할 때마다 거울 속의 자신의 얼굴에서 낯선 모습을 발견하듯이, Horner 또한 순간적 부조리 (Momentary absurdity)를 대면할 때마다 정신적 부동성, 혹은 마비를 경험하게 된다. 기름을 다 소모해버린 자동차처럼 아무 생각이나 동기 없이 펜실베니아역에 앉아 있던 그는 우연히도 어떤 의사와 마주치게 되는데, Horner는 자신에게 그 어떤 신체적 이상도 없다며 정신적 마비 증상을 애써 감추려 한다. 그의 정신적 마비는 "날씨 없는 (weatherless)" 상황에 비유되면서 "존재하기를 멈추는 순간" 혹은 "인성 (personality)이 없어 지는 상태'로 설명되어진다. 속세의 여러 다양한 인물들과 대면하며 자신의 존재와 신원 (ID)를 찾고자 하지만, 그 과정 속에서 그가 경험하는 것은 결국 정신적 마비뿐이다. 발버둥치며 벗어나려 하지만 탈출은 불가능하고, 결국 그는 그런 시도 자체가 무의미하고 우스꽝스럽다는 사실을 깨닫게 된다. 태어나는 순간 우리 모두는 부조리함 (absurdity)에 던져졌으므로.

The Meaning of Nature in a Post-structural Reading

Gumhee Che 신영어영문학회 2014 신영어영문학회 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.2014 No.2

The Life after Death in Edgar Allan Poe’s Fiction: The Possessed Psyche in “The Black Cat” and “The Tell-Tale Heart”

( Gumhee Che ) 현대영미어문학회 2015 현대영미어문학회 추계학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.-

Symptoms and Management of Post-COVID-19 Conditions: A Scoping Review

GumHee Baek,Chiyoung Cha 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): The purpose of this scoping review is to describe published work on symptoms and management of post-COVID-19 conditions Method(s): A scoping review is suitable for providing a broader perspective on current research on the topic and to “map” relevant literature of persistent symptoms and management in patients after COVID-19. Adopting the framework of Arksey and O"Malley for this review, it was carried out according to the following five steps: 1) identifying the research question; 2) identifying relevant literature; 3) selecting literature; 4) charting the data; and 5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. A literature search was conducted to retrieve articles published between May 2020 and March 2021 in CINHAL, Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of science, including backward and forward citation tracking from the included articles. Among 1,880 articles retrieved, 34 articles met our criteria for review: 21 were related to symptom presentation and 13 were related to the management of post-COVID-19. Result(s): Post-COVID-19 symptoms were described in 21 articles. In most articles, the follow-up period after COVID-19 treatment ranged between 30 days and 90 days. After getting treated from COVID-19, hospitalized patients most frequently reported dyspnea followed by anosmia/ageusia, fatigue, and cough, while non-hospitalized patients most frequently reported cough, followed by fever, and myalgia/arthralgia. Fourteen articles reported the presence of persistent symptoms which ranged between 49.6% and 100% of the participants in 13 articles and 20% of the participants in one article. Management for post-COVID-19 was described in 13 articles. The focus of the reported management for post-COVID-19 was a multidisciplinary approach in seven articles, pulmonary rehabilitation in three articles, fatigue management in two articles, and psychological management in one article. Conclusion(s): A proportion of people continue to experience diverse symptoms from COVID-19 after the treatment. However, protocols or guidelines for evidence-based multidisciplinary management for post-COVID-19 conditions were limited in the literature. As the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to extend due to the mutation of the virus, evidence-based multidisciplinary management guidelines need to be developed and disseminated.

Construction of a Model for Smart Device Overdependence of Preschoolers

Gumhee Lee,Sungjae Kim 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): With the development of information and communication technology, preschoolers are naturally being exposed to smart devices. It is estimated that preschoolers" smart device overdependence (PSO) is 25.7%, which is higher than that of adults aged 20–59 (22.2%) in South Korea. Considering that it could adversely affect the overall development of preschoolers, it is essential to understand the causes of PSO. This study aimed to develop and test a structural model to gauge PSO. Method(s): This study involved a structural model analysis to verify a hypothetical model for factors that explained PSO. The study collected and analyzed data of 283 mothers who are raising children aged 3–6 years, during January–May 2021. The evaluation variables included mothers’ emotional intelligence and negative parenting behavior, preschoolers’ attachment instability and smart device overdependence. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 program. Result(s): After estimating the values of the modified model, the standardized path coefficients were found to be significant in four paths. The model fit indices were χ2=22.023, (DF=8, p=.005), χ2/df=2.753, CFI=.976 (≥.9), NFI=.963 (≥.9), SRMR=.037 (≤.1), RMSEA=.079 (.040~.120) (<.1), and AIC=48.023. Mothers’ negative parenting behavior directly influenced PSO (β=.286, p<.001) and preschoolers’ attachment instability (β=.463, p<.001). These predictors explained 44.6% of the variance in PSO. Mothers’ emotional intelligence had an indirect effect on PSO by mediating mothers" negative parenting behavior (β=-.125, p<.001) and preschoolers’ attachment instability (β=-.114, p<.001). Conclusion(s): These results show that mothers" negative parenting behavior and preschoolers’ attachment instability increased PSO. Conversely, mothers" emotional intelligence reduced vulnerability to PSO by sequentially affecting their negative parenting behavior and preschoolers’ attachment instability. Therefore, it is imperative to provide interventions that improve mothers" negative parenting behavior and preschoolers" attachment instability by increasing mothers" emotional intelligence to reduce PSO.

Evaluating nurse burnout factors in the post-COVID-19 era: A cross-sectional study in South Korea

GumHee Baek,Chiyoung Cha 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that influenced burnout among nurses in South Korea in the post-COVID-19 era. Method(s): For this cross-sectional study, we recruited a convenient sample of 300 nurses to investigate the influence of sociodemographic characteristics, work environment factors, psychological factors, and coping behavior on burnout. Data collection was conducted online in June 2021. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors that influenced the burnout of nurses. Result(s): Our regression models explained 55.8%, 45.8%, and 34.3% of the variances for three sub-concepts of burnout, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Emotional exhaustion was influenced by work experiences, experiences in the current department, working overtime, shift type, emotional labor, job stress, and depression. Depersonalization was influenced by gender, hospital size, working department, working overtime, emotional labor, depression, and choice of coping strategies. Personal accomplishment was influenced by work experience, shift type, perceived threat to COVID-19, and resilience. Conclusion(s): Each concept of burnout had different influential factors. Health care institutes need to provide systemic support that is tailored for each emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Especially for personal accomplishment, the level of the perceived threat to COVID-19 should be evaluated and managed.

A Critical History of John Barth's Lost in the Funhouse : Where a Contemporary Artist is and What his/her Self-consciousness is All About

Gumhee Che 한국중앙영어영문학회 2001 영어영문학연구 Vol.43 No.4

Lost in the Funhouse에 관한 비평의 역사는 결국 포스트모던 작가의 위치와 자의식에 관한 연구와 직결된다고 볼 수 있다. 본 논문에 소개되었듯, 무수히 많은 비평가들이 Lost in the Funhouse를 이 두 개념--포스트모던 작가의 위치와 자의식--에 비추어 설명하려 하였다. 이들은 John Barth의 이론인 "고갈의 문학 (The Literature of Exhaustion)"과 "회생의 문학 (The literature of Replenishment)"을 토대로 그의 작품을 분석하면서, 종래 문학비평의 주요 과제였던 "영웅적 예술가"의 개념과 대비된다고 볼 수 있는 John Barth의 새로운 가능성--포스트모던 작가의 위치와 자의식--을 부각시키고 있다. 이들은 거짓 신원 (ID)과 가면으로 무장한 채 살아가는 Barth의 인물들을 분석하며 문학의 "고갈된" 가치를 형상화하는 한편, 그 몰락된 가치에서 출발한 새로운 가능성에 주목하고 있는 것이다. 그 가능성--포스트모던 문학--은 다소 생소해 보일지는 몰라도 "고갈"의 대지에서 완전히 벗어나 있기에 늘 새롭고 "희생적 (replenished)"인 존재로 남아, 이 "고갈된 (exhausted)" 시대의 마지막 대안으로 제시되고 있는지도 모른다.

졸업학년 간호대학생의 호스피스 인식과 삶의 의미가 임종간호태도에 미치는 영향

최금희(Gumhee Choi),권수혜(Suhye Kwon),홍민주(Minjoo Hong) 한국자료분석학회 2020 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.22 No.2

본 연구는 졸업학년 간호대학생을 대상으로 호스피스 인식, 삶의 의미, 임종간호태도 정도 및 그 관련성을 확인하고 임종간호태도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고자 시도되었다. 부울경 지역 소재 3개 간호학과에 재학 중인 4학년 262명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문지를 활용하여 자료를 수집하였고 자료수집 기간은 2019년 9월 23일부터 11월 2일까지이었다. 수집된 자료는 연구목적에 따라 SPSS WIN ver. 25.0 프로그램을 활용해 서술통계, t-검정, 일원분산분석, Scheffé 검정, Pearson 상관계수, 단계적 다중회귀분석을 사용하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 임종간호태도 정도의 차이는 성별(t=-2.22, p=.027), 전공만족도(F=14.42, p<.001), 학업성적(F=3.38, p=.036), 호스피스 교육 유무(t=2.59, p=.010), 호스피스 실습경험 유무(t=2.05, p=.042), 삶의 만족도(F=4.47, p=.004), 임종간호경험 유무(t=-2.83, p=.005)에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 임종간호태도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 호스피스 인식(β=.43, p<.001)과 삶의 의미(β=.42, p<.001)로 확인되었고, 임종간호태도에 대한 이들 변인의 총 설명력은 52.4%로 나타났다. 따라서 졸업학년 간호대학생 임종간호태도의 긍정적 확립을 위해 호스피스 인식을 강화하고 삶의 의미 발견을 증진할 수 있는 호스피스 완화교육프로그램의 개발 및 적용이 필요하며, 간호학부 정규 교육과정의 개선이 요구된다. This study attempted to identify the level of perception on hospice, meaning of life, and attitudes toward nursing care of the dying (ATCOD) among senior nursing students, and to identify factors affecting ATCOD. Data were collected from 262 senior nursing students at three nursing schools in Gyungnam province, using self-written questionnaires, and the data collection period was from September to November, 2019. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression were used for data analysis using the SPSS WIN ver.25.0 program. The degree of ATCOD showed significant differences according to gender (t=-2.22, p=.027), major satisfaction (F=14.42, p<.001), academic achievement (F=3.38, p=.036), hospice education experience (t=2.59, p=.010), hospice practice experience (t=2.05, p=.042), life satisfaction (F=4.47, p=.004), and terminal care experience (t=-2.83, p=.005). The factors influencing ATCOD were perception on hospice (β=.43, p<.001) and meaning of life (β=.42, p<.001), and the total explanatory power of these variables was 52.4%. Therefore, active hospice education programs and curriculum are needed to enhance perception on hospice and meaning of life to positively establish the ATCOD of senior nursing students.

The Psychiatry of Multiple Personality Disorder in Edgar Allen Poe’s “William Wilson”

Che, Gumhee 미래영어영문학회 2021 영어영문학 Vol.26 No.1

The paper examines the clinical symptoms of multiple personality disorder (or dissociative identity disorder) of the main character in Edgar Allan Poe’s “William Wilson.” Dealing with the problematics in the dichotomy between the one (the host) and the other (the alter) in Wilson’s soul, Poe highlights the psychiatry of MPD in three different stages, such as the recognition of fragmentation, the awareness of indeterminacy, and the acknowledgement of multiplicity. In the first stage, Wilson recognizes that there are splits and fragments around his soul, and in the second stage, his narrative contains serious ruminations on the notion of indeterminacy with regard to his frequent encounter with the second personality. Finally, the third stage reveals itself as a more pathological condition, where Wilson (the first personality or a host) identifies himself with the other Wilson (the second personality or the alter). With his psychoanalytic narrative, Poe delivers a post-structuralist perspective in which he implies that the human personality should never be totalized in rationalistic ways. Through portraying the psychiatry of MPD, the narrative highlights the detotalizing force that evidently lies in every human soul.

Derrida's Brilliant Career : A Poststructuralisyt Reading of My Brilliant Career by Miles Franklin 마일즈 프랭클린의 포스트구조주의적 글읽기

Che, Gumhee 한국강원영어영문학회 1999 영어영문학 Vol.18 No.2

마일즈 프랭클린의 나의 멋진 경력은 다중적 이해를 가능하게 하는 포스트구조주의적 텍스트로서 그 어떤 제한된 시각이나 절대적 해석을 거부한다. 주인공인 시빌라는 사물의 양극성을 거부하며 의미의 다양성을 추구하는 한편, 그 두 개념 사이에서 고뇌하는 모습을 보이기도 한다. 이런 의미에서 그녀는 서양의 형이상학을 문제시하는 "작은 데리다"라고 볼 수 있다. 시빌라 주변의 인물들은 개념의 양극성 (예를 들면, "여자다움"과 "남자다움")에 익숙해져 있어서, 그녀가 양극의 특성을 지니고 있다는 사실을 받아들이지 못한다. 시빌라에게 있어서 "여자다움"과 "여자답지 못함"은 더 이상 상반되지도 동일하지도 않고 그저 그녀의 다중성중 일부로서 존재하는 것이다. 해체론적 인물로서의 시빌라는 의미의 다양성과 미묘한 차이들에 대해 관심을 보이는데, 그렇다고 해서 그녀가 늘 일관적이라거나 비모순적이라는 논리는 가능하지 않다. 사실상 포스트구조주의의 견지에서는 완벽한 논리정연함이나 일관성이란 존재하기 힘든 것이다. 따라서, 시빌라의 독립적인 성향이나 강한 정체성도 매로는 그녀의 미성숙해 보이는 태도와 충돌하는데, 이는 작품속의 디페랑스, 즉 포스트구조주의적 "모순"으로 이해되어져야 할 것이다.