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( Feng Yao Wu ),( Feng Ming Zou ),( Jun Qiang Jia ),( Sheng Peng Wang ),( Guo Zheng Zhang ),( Xi Jie Guo ),( Zhong Zheng Gui ) 한국잠사학회 2011 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.23 No.1
Cathepsins are well-characterized proteases that are ubiquitously expressed in lysosomes. Previous work revealed that Bombyx mori cathepsins B and D are expressed in the fat body and undergo decomposition during larval-pupal metamorphosis. Quantitative RTPCR was performed to detect cathepsin gene expression at the transcription level when challenged by B. mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV), temperature and hormones (20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone analogue (JHA)). mRNAs encoding cathepsins B and D were significantly enhanced after the larvae were infected with BmNPV, and the peak of the induction appeared at 1 day before spinning. This attenuated the inducing effect on cathepsin expression caused by infection. Temperature shock induced cathepsin expression at the later stage of the 5th instar, and transcription levels varied with development stage and temperature. Cathepsin B and D mRNA expression in the fat body were significantly induced by JHA at the day before spinning, and with 20E, the expression reached a peak at the last day of the 5th instar. Cathepsin B and D mRNA expression exhibited detectable changes post-treatment, without significant differences between or among the hormone concentrations.
Gui Wang,Ben Lin,Ding‑ding Lu,San‑xi Deng,Guang‑jun Zeng,Xu‑feng Cai,Jin‑feng Li,Dan‑yang Liu 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.8
The mechanical properties and low-cycle fatigue behavior of the hot-rolled AA2195 Al-Li alloy taken along the longitudinaldirection and transverse direction were investigated. The anisotropy ductility of the alloy with the short-term naturalaging (T4-SN), long-term natural aging (T4-LN), and T6 artificial aging alloy is mainly related to the grain structure andgrain boundaries, whereas the weakened anisotropy of ductility is attributed to the appearance of PFZs. The T4-SN andT4-LN specimens present the cyclic hardening phenomenon due to the interaction of dislocations with dislocations or theGuinier–Preston zone. The cyclic softening phenomenon in T6 specimens is attributed to that the dislocations cut throughthe T1precipitates, and some dislocations bypass the non-shearable precipitates, which activates more potential slip systemsto shear the T1precipitates.
Gui-zhong Xu,Jie Yin,Xu-Song Feng,Feng Ji 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.24 No.7
This paper presents an experimental investigation on the feasibility and effectiveness of an improved method for dewatering sewage sludge (SS) in landfills. Compared with traditional vacuum preloading with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs), an improved intermittent vacuum loading with wheat straw vertical drains (WSVDs) was developed and a series of laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of WSVD type and intermittent loading period on the dewatering properties of SS. Tests results showed that the WSVD has a good elastic deformation characteristic during vacuum loading and unloading over PVD. The vacuum degree transmission tests on three types of WSVD showed that 5 cm crushed wheat straw is the optimum one. The surface settlement and water content of SS after the model test are similar for WSVD and PVD in the traditional vacuum consolidation method. There was a significant improvement when applying intermittent vacuum and optimum daily loading time of 10 hours was obtained. The cracks found in the sludge cake around the drainage body using improved method are suggested as the key factor since they are able to improve the vacuum transmission capacity and the permeability of SS. The improved method is expected to offer a feasible and cost-effective way to deal with high water content SS in landfills.
The Influence of Challenge on Cathepsin B and D Expression Patterns in the Silkworm Bombyx mori L.
Wu, Feng-Yao,Zou, Feng-Ming,Jia, Jun-Qiang,Wang, Sheng-Peng,Zhang, Guo-Zheng,Guo, Xi-Jie,Gui, Zhong-Zheng Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2011 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.23 No.1
Cathepsins are well-characterized proteases that are ubiquitously expressed in lysosomes. Previous work revealed that $Bombyx$ $mori$ cathepsins B and D are expressed in the fat body and undergo decomposition during larval-pupal metamorphosis. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed to detect cathepsin gene expression at the transcription level when challenged by $B.$ $mori$ nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV), temperature and hormones (20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone analogue (JHA)). mRNAs encoding cathepsins B and D were significantly enhanced after the larvae were infected with BmNPV, and the peak of the induction appeared at 1 day before spinning. This attenuated the inducing effect on cathepsin expression caused by infection. Temperature shock induced cathepsin expression at the later stage of the $5^{th}$ instar, and transcription levels varied with development stage and temperature. Cathepsin B and D mRNA expression in the fat body were significantly induced by JHA at the day before spinning, and with 20E, the expression reached a peak at the last day of the $5^{th}$ instar. Cathepsin B and D mRNA expression exhibited detectable changes post-treatment, without significant differences between or among the hormone concentrations.
Failure Pattern of Singe-layer Reticulated Dome under Severe Earthquake and Its Shaking Table Test
Gui-Bo Nie,Xudong Zhi,Feng Fan,Jun-Wu Dai 한국강구조학회 2014 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.14 No.2
Based on the constitutive model with considering material damage accumulation, the influence of material damageaccumulation on the responses of the structure is investigated in detail through the incremental dynamic analysis method (IDAanalysis). The failure pattern of single-layer reticulated dome under dynamic loading is obtained using IDA analysis throughmultiple sets of seismic load records and harmonic loading, which is identified to be the dynamic instability failure caused bythe geometric nonlinearity and the dynamic strength failure resulted by the material nonlinearity. The shaking table tests ofsingle-layer reticulated dome are exploited to verify the failure pattern of the structure under seismic load records. Experimentalresults show that the plasticity of the model develops and the deformation increases, as well as the mechanical propertiesweakens continuously with the increasing of the loading value, which indicates that the failure pattern of the structure isdynamic strength failure.
Feng Ling Yang,Shenjie Zhou,Cui Xun Zhang,Gui Chao Wang 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.10
Mixing of two stratified miscible fluids in an eccentric stirred tank agitated by a four pitched-blade turbine was studied by using the detached eddy simulation (DES) model and volume of fluid (VOF) method. The fluids were operated in the transitional and mildly turbulent flow regimes. Interfaces between the two miscible fluids during the mixing processes were captured and mixing times were computed. Effects of the Richardson number and eccentricity on the mixing times were quantificationally analyzed. Results show that the spatial and temporal variations of volume fractions of the fluids can be well captured by the method presented in this study. Mixing time increases with the increase of Richardson number. Effect of eccentricity on mixing time depends on Richardson number and the eccentric agitation scheme is not advisable to use to blend the low-viscosity miscible fluids starting from a stratified state, especially for lower Richardson values.
Feng Ming Zou,이광식,Hu Wan,Zhong Zheng Gui,진병래 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.1
Insect growth-blocking peptides (GBPs) exhibit growth-blocking and paralytic activity. Low concentrations ofGBP stimulate larval growth, whereas high concentrations of GBP significantly retard larval growth. Here, weshow that morphological abnormalities and lethality were induced in silkworm (Bombyx mori) larvae by highconcentrations of GBP. Active B. mori GBP (BmGBP) was produced by treating recombinant proBmGBP(expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells) with bovine factor Xa. When silkworm larvae on day 1 of thefifth-instar stage were injected between the seventh and eight abdominal segments with BmGBP (100 or500 ng/larva), the larval–pupal and pupal–adult transformations of these silkworms were delayed in a dosedependentmanner. However, a high concentration (2000 ng/larva) of BmGBP or Spodoptera exigua GBP(SeGBP) acutely induced morphological abnormalities and death in silkworm larvae. In silkwormlarvae treatedwith high concentrations of GBPs, the ingested food excessively accumulated in the foregut, which caused extremeswelling in both the thorax and the foregut and resulted in larval death. Therefore, these results notonly provide insight into the effect of insect GBPs on gut physiology but also reveal a novel function of insectGBPs.
Feng Ming Zou,이광식,김보연,김홍자,Zhong Zheng Gui,Guozheng Zhang,Xijie Guo,진병래 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.4
Insect cuticular melanization is regulated by the prophenoloxidase (proPO)-activating system, which is also involved in the innate immune reaction. Here, we demonstrate how the differentiation of the proPO-activating system is regulated toward a cuticular melanization or innate immunity function in silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupae. Our results indicate that the differential and spatial regulation of key components, such as the proPOactivating enzyme and proPOs, primes the proPO-activating system for either cuticular melanization or innate immunity. This dual strategy for cuticular melanization in development and innate immunity upon infection demonstrates a two-pronged defense mechanism that is mediated by the priming of the proPO system.