Comparison of stomach microRNA transcriptomes of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs by deep sequencing

Wen‑kui Sun,Yanyue Li,Chi Cheng,Yi‑hui Chen,Kai Zeng,Xiaohui Chen,Yiren Gu,Rui Liu,Xuebin Lv,Rong Gao 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.9

MiRNAs regulate the expression of target genes in diverse cellular processes and hence play important roles in different physiological processes, yet little is known about the stomach microRNAome (miRNAome) of the Tibetan pig. The objective of this experiment was to investigate differentially expressed stomach miRNAs participating in digestion. Firstly, we isolated total RNA by Trizol reagent from three Tibetan and three Yorkshire purebred pigs stomach samples at 90-day-old. Secondly, a comprehensive analysis of Tibetan and Yorkshire pig stomach miRNAomes was performed by small RNA sequencing in the Illumina HiSeq 2000 system. Finally, SYBR Green Real-time RT-PCR was performed to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs. We identified 318 unique miRNAs, 260 were co-expressed in both libraries, 17 and 31 miRNAs were specifically expressed in Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs respectively. Fifty six differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by the identifying differentially expressed genes 6 (IDEG6). Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis revealed that some of the differentially expressed miRNAs were associated with protein and fat digestion. Two differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-214-3p and ssc-un39) participating in the digestion of lipid were identified. Additionally, qRT-PCR results suggested that a higher expression of miR-214-3p in the Tibetan pig stomach could lead to relatively lower expression of calcium-dependent phospholipase A2, which is an enzyme important for the digestion of glycerol phospholipid. This study has delineated the different stomach miRNAs expression patterns of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs, which would help explain the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in digestion of Tibetan pigs, and contribute to utilize a the unique digestion merits of Tibetan pig in future porcine hybridization breeding.

Investigation of Cu Interlayer on Joint Formation of Ti/Mg Bimetal Fabricated by Liquid–Solid Compound Casting Process

Fulin Wen,Jianhua Zhao,Kaiqing Feng,Miaowang Yuan,Dengzhi Zheng,Cheng Gu,Bei Xu 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.7

In this paper, TC4/AZ91D bimetallic composites has been prepared by liquid–solid compound casting process adaptingvarious thickness of Cu coating. The effects of Cu coating thickness on the evolution of interface microstructures and jointmechanical properties are investigated. The results indicate that metallurgical bonded joints are obtained with Cu coatingthickness ranging from 36.7 to 51.4 μm. With the increase of Cu coating thickness, the interface microstructure evolvesfrom δ-Mg + Mg2Cueutectic structure to Mg–Cu intermetallic compound (IMC) Cu2Mg+ Mg2Cuand Mg–Al–Cu ternaryintermetallic compound. The calculation results of formation enthalpy and chemical potential of Mg–Al–Cu system suggestthat Cu element prefers to react with Mg element and formed Mg–Cu IMC. In particular, when Cu coating thickness reaches36.7 μm, the average shear strength of the bimetal reaches a maximum of 65.3 MPa. Further increasing Cu coating thicknessleads to the generation of thick Mg2CuIMC layer and Mg2Cu+ Cu2Mgmixed IMC layer which are proved to be harmful tothe shear strength of TC4/AZ91D bimetals. All the fracture surfaces of the bimetallic composites exhibite to have a brittlefracture morphology. However, the fracture location is different with each other. For Cu coating thickness of 36.7 μm, theinterface fractures at the δ-Mg + Mg2Cueutectic structure, while the interface fractures at the Cu2Mg+ Mg–Al–Cu ternaryintermetallic layers when Cu coating thickness is 44.2 μm and 51.4 μm.

2-Hydroxydiplopterol, A New Cytotoxic Pentacyclic Triterpenoid from the Halotolerant Fungus Aspergillus variecolor B-17

Wen-Liang Wang,Pei-Pei Liu,Ya-Peng Zhang,Jing Li,Hong-Wen Tao,Qian-Qun Gu,Wei-Ming Zhu 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.9

A new hopane type pentacyclic triterpenoid, 2-hydroxydiplopterol (1) has been isolated from the metabolites produced by the halotolerant fungal strain Aspergillus variecolor B-17. The structure of 1 was determined by spectroscopic methods and single crystal X-Ray diffraction analysis. 2-Hydroxydiplopterol (1) exhibited cytotoxicity against K562 cells with an IC50 value of 22 μM.

Pathway and Network Analysis in Glioma with the Partial Least Squares Method

Gu, Wen-Tao,Gu, Shi-Xin,Shou, Jia-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7

Gene expression profiling facilitates the understanding of biological characteristics of gliomas. Previous studies mainly used regression/variance analysis without considering various background biological and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate gene expression differences between grade III and IV gliomas through partial least squares (PLS) based analysis. The expression data set was from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. PLS based analysis was performed with the R statistical software. A total of 1,378 differentially expressed genes were identified. Survival analysis identified four pathways, including Prion diseases, colorectal cancer, CAMs, and PI3K-Akt signaling, which may be related with the prognosis of the patients. Network analysis identified two hub genes, ELAVL1 and FN1, which have been reported to be related with glioma previously. Our results provide new understanding of glioma pathogenesis and prognosis with the hope to offer theoretical support for future therapeutic studies.

Identification of a Novel Human Lysophosphatidic Acid Acyltransferase, LPAAT-theta, Which Activates mTOR Pathway

( Wen Wen Tang ),( Jian Yuan ),( Xin Ya Chen ),( Xiu Ting Gu ),( Kun Tian Luo ),( Jie Li ),( Bo Wan ),( Ying Li Wang ),( Long Yu ) 생화학분자생물학회 2006 BMB Reports Vol.39 No.5

The Ability of Bone Mineral Density and Microstructural Indices to Reflect the Mechanical Properties of Trabecular Bone in the Intertrochanteric Region

Wen Quan Cui(최문권),Ye-Yeon Won(원예연),Kwang-Kyoun Kim(김광균),Myong-Hyun Baek(백명현),Sung-Gu Yeo(여성구),Han-Sung Kim(김한성),Han Ter Min(민한터) 대한정형외과학회 2005 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.40 No.8

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 골밀도와 미세 골구조의 성질이 전자부 골소주의 기계적 특성(예, 탄성계수)에 미치는 영향을 연구하는 것이다. 대상 및 방법: 인공관절 전치환술을 시행 받은 15명의 환자로부터 대퇴골 전자부에서 총 15개의 고관절 골소주 시편을 채취하여, 이들을 대상으로 PIXImus2 골밀도 측정기, 고해상도 미세 컴퓨터 단층촬영기, 유한요소법을 이용하여 골밀도와 2차 및 3차원 미세구조 지수, 그리고 기계적 특성을 분석하였다. 골밀도, 구조 지수, 탄성계수 간의 상관관계를 선형회귀분석을 이용하여 통계처리하였다. 결과: 저자들의 본 연구에서 골밀도 및 골 체적비는 기계적 특성을 예측하는데 가장 중요한 인자였으며, 삼차원 마세구조 지수(예를 들어 구조 모델 지수) 또한 51% 정도 통계적으로 의미 있게 기계적 특성을 예측하였다. 골밀도와 미세구조지수를 조합한 경우에 탄성계수의 변화량을 예측하는데 잘 반영하였다. 결론: 골밀도와 미세구조지수를 이용한 복합적인 분석은 전자부에서 탄성계수를 예측하는데 가장 좋은 방법이다. Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the contribution of bone mineral density (BMD) and the microstructural properties of trabecular bone to predict its mechanical property, i.e., its elastic modulus in the intertrochanteric region. Materials and Methods: A total 15 trabecular bone core specimens were obtained from the proximal femurs of patients who were to undergo to total hip arthroplasties. The BMD measurement, 2-D and 3-D microstructural parameters, and elastic modulus of each bone core were obtained with PIXImus2 densitometer, high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and micro-finite element analysis (FEA). The multiple relationships among the BMD, structural parameters and elastic modulus were assessed with using linear regression analysis. Results: Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the bone volume fraction (BV/TV) was the best predictor for Young's modulus, as well as the BMD. A 3-D microarchitectural parameter, the structure model index (SMI) could well explain the variance of Young's modulus by 51%. The ability to explain the variance of Young's modulus was improved by combining the structural indices with each other, as well as by supplementing the BMD with any of the examined structural indices. Conclusion: A combination of microstructural parameters with each other or with the bone mineral density measurement could provide the best predictions of the elastic modulus of cancellous bone in the intertrochanteric region.

중국의 산업의학과 직업성 암의 실태

문용,장서영,이윤정,이상구 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

연구목적 : 중국은 경제 발전 및 산업화의 급속한 진행과 더불어 개인기업체와 새로운 업종의 기업들이 나타나면서 산업활동에 종사하는 근로자 수가 계속 증가하여 2억5천만에 이르고 있다. 노동자의 건강보호와 산업생산성 향상을 위해 국가정책의 중요한 부분을 차지하면서 꾸준히 발전해 왔으며, 오늘날 하나의 독립된 학문으로 발전하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 중국의 산업의학 실태와 체계를 살펴보고 직업성 암 관련 연구의 현황을 고찰하여 문제점을 중심으로 향후 바람직한 발전 방향을 제시함을 목적으로 한다. 연구대상 및 방법 : 본 연구는 기술 역학적인 연구방법을 활용하여 전반적인 중국의 산업의학을 조망하였다. 국가공식 자료인 중국위생연감 및 산업의학 관계 법령 등을 기초로 하여 중국산업의학의 실태와 제도를 알아보았다. 또한 최근 10여년 간의 관련 학술지를 조사하여 직업성 암 관련 연구의 현황에 대하여 조사하고, 이를 기초로 관련 연구기관, 위생국 관리 등의 전문가들과 면담하여 문제점과 발전방향에 대하여 정리하였다. 연구결과 : 중국에서는 산업의학을 노동위생학이라 한다. 노동위생학은 예방의학 영역의 하나의 분과로써 한국에서의 산업위생과 산업의학을 모두 포함하고 있고, 종사자는 대부분 의사들이다. 노동위생학의 기본 목적은 불량한 노동조건에 대한 조사, 평가를 하여 근로자들의 건강을 보호하며 노동생산을 향상시키고 공, 농업생산의 순조로운 발전을 확보하도록 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 위생부와 공업부가 중심이 되어 전국 각 성(省), 시(市), 현(縣)에 4,012개의 衛生防疫站(1997년)과, 46개의 직업병병원(1997년)이 있으며, 일반 종합병원에는 직업병과가 있고, 공장광산기업에는 직원전용병원을 설치하는 등 산업환경측정, 기업에 대한 산업위생감독, 노동자들의 건강검진, 노동능력검증, 임직원훈련 및 홍보교육, 산업역학조사, 치료와 요양, 재활치료까지 모든 업무를 국가에서 직접 관리하고 있다. 또한 "직업병 범위 및 직업병환자 처리방법에 관한 규정"을 제정하여 (1) 직업성 중독, (2) 진폐증, (3) 물리적 요인에의한 직업병, (4) 직업성 피부병, (5) 직업성 전염병, (6) 직업성 안질환, (7) 직업성 이비인후 질병, (8) 직업성 암, (9) 기타 직업병 등에 관한 통계를 매년 발표하면서 이들 질환을 중점 관리하고 있다. 현재 중국에서 역학조사의 결과를 바탕으로 Arsenic and arsenic compounds, Coke production, Chromium compounds, Benzidine, Asbestos, Vinyl chloride, Bischloromethyl ether and chloromethl methyl ether, Benzene 등 8가지 물질로 인한 직업성 암을 인정하고 있다. 토의 및 결론 : 중국의 잘 정비된 산업의학 보고체계와 암에 대한 보고체계에도 불구하고 직업성 암에 대한 통계는 제대로 보고되지 않고 있다. 특히 매년 보고된 직업성 관련질환에서의 중국 위생통계에서 직업성 암만 제외되고 있다. 그 원인은 중국의 산업화가 시작된 시간이 짧아 잠복기가 긴 암 발생의 수가 적은 것과 의사들의 직업성암의 진단능력과 보고 의식이 저하되어 있고 국가가 진단 후 보상에 대한 부담 등 이유 때문이었다. 따라서 산업의학 관련 의사들을 중심으로한 직업성 암에 대한 교육의 강화,전반적인 암보고 체계에서 직업성 암의 보고 항목 추가, 보상자금의 조달 등이 중요 과제로 도출되었다. Objectives : The number of laborer is extended to 250 million in recent two decades along with rapid industrialization and economic development in China. Occupational medicine has developed by national policy for health protection of laborer and increasement of productivity, so it has settled as a part of main sciences. The objectives of this study are evaluation of status and system about Chinese industrial hygiene, review of occupational cancer study and suggestion of improvement strategy. Methods : This study reviewed Chinese occupational medicine as a whole, by descriptive epidemiologic method. Materials for this were China annual statistics of hygiene and relative laws of industrial hygiene as official data. Relative journals for last 10 years are reviewed in order to investigate about occupational cancer research. By use of systematic interview with researcher of industrial hygiene institute and officials, we decide its main problems and suggest several stategies. Results : Occupational medicine is named labor hygiene in China. Labor hygiene is a specific field of preventive medicine and include industrial hygiene and occupational medicine. Labor hygienists are usually medical doctors. The primary goal of Labor hygiene is laborers' health protection, increasement of productivity and industry/agriculture development through investigation of poor condition of labor. In order to achieve this goal, the ministry of health and industry established 4,012district health care center(1997), 46 occupational diseases hospital(1997), occupational disease clinic in a general hospital and firm hospital in the company all over the country. Then government controls all of them directly such as industrial environment measure, company supervision, laborers' medical examination, training, education, epidemiologic study, treatment, recuperation, and rehabilitation. The Ministry of Public Health published annual statistics about (1) occupational poisoning, (2) asbestosis, (3) occupational disease for physical factors, (4) occupational skin diseases, (5) occupational infectious diseases, (6) occupational ocular diseases, (7) occupational ENT diseases, (8) occupational cancer and (9) other occupational diseases. Now, recognized carcinogen in China are 8 substances such as arsenic and arsenic compounds, coke production, chromium compounds, benzidine, asbestos, vinyl chloride, bischloromethyl ether and chloromethyl methyl ether and benzene. Conclusion : In spite of well designed occupational disease and general cancer reporting system, occupational cancer is not properly reported in China. Especially occupational cancer is not included in occupational diseases report on China annual statistics for health. The reasons for under-reporting are suggested that long incubation period of cancer, lack of diagnosis ability and insufficient knowledge for it. Therefore, several strategies are suggested such as enforcement of education for labor hygienist, intensification of secondary medical examination for laborer worked in cancer related environment and regular reporting for occupational cancer in general cancer reporting system.

Protein corona on magnetite nanoparticles and internalization of nanoparticle–protein complexes into healthy and cancer cells

Wen Jiang,Kuilin Lai,Yao Wu,Zhongwei Gu 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.1

Superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles(MNPs) of different surface properties are incubated incomplicated living fluid, including fetal bovine serumsolution, cell complete culture medium and cell culturesystem with/without serum, to investigate the alteration ofprotein corona and its impact on cell internalization. TheMNPs prepared by co-precipitation method are functionalizedwith L-Lysine (Lys), Glucosamic acid (GA) to obtainamine, carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, separately. All theparticles adsorb serum proteins to form MNPs–proteincomplexes with the surface charge changing into negative. 1D SDS/PAGE gel images analysis indicates that thecomposition and content of hard protein corona on thesurface of NPs are related to their functional groups andagglomeration, and the total amount of protein in themedium. In cell culture system, particles not only adsorbserum proteins, but also associate with cytosolic proteinsarising from HepG2 and L02 cells. GA modified MNPs(MNPs-GA) exhibit bovine serum albumin anti-adsorptioncapability because of the terminal hydroxyl and carboxylgroups. MNPs-GA also shows the highest cellular uptakeand label efficiency compared with uncoated MNPs andLys modified MNPs, due to larger aggregates formationand specific protein corona composition, rather than commonlyapproved electrostatic interaction between particles and cells. For the first time, our results provide visualizedreports on previously neglected, but indispensable proteincorona of the MNPs after interaction with both healthy andcancer cells, suggesting that cytosolic protein corona fromcells and aggregation of particles are important factorsneeded to be account for on studying the nano–biointerface.

Fabrication of Photopolymer Hierarchical Micronanostructures by Coupling Electrospinning and Photolithography for SERS Substrates

Wen-Yi Zhang,Xin-Ze Xiao,Chao Lv,Jia Zhao,Gong Wang,Xuan Gu,Ran Zhang,Bin-Bin Xu,Dan-Dan Zhang,Ai-Wu Li,Yong-Lai Zhang,Hong-Bo Sun 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.3

Reported here is the fabrication of photopolymer hierarchical micronanostructures through a combinative process of electrospinning and subsequent photolithography. Electrospun SU-8 (epoxy-based negative photoresist)nanofiber films have been patterned into gratings with periods of 100, 200, 300, and 400 μm, respectively. Deposition of a silver nanolayer on these interlaced nanofiber films would lead to the formation of various plasmonic nanostructures,and therefore, giving rise to abundant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) “hot spots”. In the detection of Rhodamine 6G (R6G), probing molecule, the resultant SERS substrates show both high sensitivity and good reproducibility. The SERS enhancement factor could reach as high as ~108, indicating high efficiency. The fabrication of patterned, highly efficient SERS substrates may hold a great promise for the integration of SERS substrates in various microdevices such as microfluidic chips.

Endovascular Treatment for Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome: a Comparison between the Presence and Absence of Secondary Thrombosis

Wen-Sheng Lou,Jian-Ping Gu,Xu He,Liang Chen,Hao-Bo Su,Guo-Ping Chen,Jing-Hua Song,Tao Wang 대한영상의학회 2009 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.10 No.2

Objective: To evaluate the value of early identification and endovascular treatment of iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS), with or without deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Materials and Methods: Three groups of patients, IVCS without DVT (group 1, n = 39), IVCS with fresh thrombosis (group 2, n = 52) and IVCS with non-fresh thrombosis (group 3, n = 34) were detected by Doppler ultrasonography, magnetic resonance venography, computed tomography or venography. The fresh venous thrombosis were treated by aspiration and thrombectomy, whereas the iliac vein compression per se were treated with a self-expandable stent. In cases with fresh thrombus, the inferior vena cava filter was inserted before the thrombosis suction, mechanical thrombus ablation, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, stenting or transcatheter thrombolysis. Results: Stenting was performed in 111 patients (38 of 39 group 1 patients and 73 of 86 group 2 or 3 patients). The stenting was tried in one of group 1 and in three of group 2 or 3 patients only to fail. The initial patency rates were 95% (group 1), 89% (group 2) and 65% (group 3), respectively and were significantly different (p = 0.001). Further, the six month patency rates were 93% (group 1), 83% (group 2) and 50% (group 3), respectively, and were similarly significantly different (p = 0.001). Both the initial and six month patency rates in the IVCS patients (without thrombosis or with fresh thrombosis), were significantly greater than the patency rates of IVCS patients with non-fresh thrombosis. Conclusion: From the cases examined, the study suggests that endovascular treatment of IVCS, with or without thrombosis, is effective. Objective: To evaluate the value of early identification and endovascular treatment of iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS), with or without deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Materials and Methods: Three groups of patients, IVCS without DVT (group 1, n = 39), IVCS with fresh thrombosis (group 2, n = 52) and IVCS with non-fresh thrombosis (group 3, n = 34) were detected by Doppler ultrasonography, magnetic resonance venography, computed tomography or venography. The fresh venous thrombosis were treated by aspiration and thrombectomy, whereas the iliac vein compression per se were treated with a self-expandable stent. In cases with fresh thrombus, the inferior vena cava filter was inserted before the thrombosis suction, mechanical thrombus ablation, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, stenting or transcatheter thrombolysis. Results: Stenting was performed in 111 patients (38 of 39 group 1 patients and 73 of 86 group 2 or 3 patients). The stenting was tried in one of group 1 and in three of group 2 or 3 patients only to fail. The initial patency rates were 95% (group 1), 89% (group 2) and 65% (group 3), respectively and were significantly different (p = 0.001). Further, the six month patency rates were 93% (group 1), 83% (group 2) and 50% (group 3), respectively, and were similarly significantly different (p = 0.001). Both the initial and six month patency rates in the IVCS patients (without thrombosis or with fresh thrombosis), were significantly greater than the patency rates of IVCS patients with non-fresh thrombosis. Conclusion: From the cases examined, the study suggests that endovascular treatment of IVCS, with or without thrombosis, is effective.