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Employment Effects of International Factor Mobility: A Theoretical Approach with Heterogenous Labor
( Thomas Gries ),( Stefan Jungblut ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2007 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.22 No.2
In many countries the difference in labor market performance for skilled and unskilled workers has increased over the past decades. While an extended literature exists on the employment effects of trade, less is known about the effects of factor mobility. Based on the “labor market flow approach”, we develop a model of persistent structural unemployment for skilled and unskilled workers. Within this model the effects of capital mobility and migration are analyzed. Given that real and human capital are complements we find that skilled and unskilled worker will both gain from capital inflows. Within each labor market segment, the effects of labor inflows is always negative. The cross effects of labor infows, however, are non-symmetrical: On the one hand, an inflow of unskilled labor negatively affects the unskilled segment, but will not affect the unemployment rate of skilled workers. On the other hand, an inflow of skilled labor will always negatively affect the unemployment rate in both segments of the labor market. If policy makers would like to avoid these effect, the number of unskilled must simultaneously be decreased, the rate of internal real capital accumulation must be increased or real and human capital must be imported as a bundle.
Disillusionment and Dismay: How Chinese Netizens Think and Feel About the Two Koreas
Peter Gries 동아시아연구원 2012 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.12 No.1
The deterioration of Sino–South Korean relations following the attacks on the Cheonan and on Yonpyong Island in 2010 has again raised the question of Chinese intentions in the Korean peninsula. In this article, I explore Chinese netizen views of the two Koreas. Qualitative and quantitative evidence (in the form of a large-scale national Internet survey) provide convergent evidence that while Chinese netizens feel coolly toward both Koreas, they think and feel about them in very different ways. Chinese netizens appear to be profoundly disillusioned with a North Korea that refuses to adopt Chinese-style “reform and opening,” which only reminds them of their poor and authoritarian past. However, recent high-profile historical and cultural disputes appear to have led to widespread Chinese dismay and even anger toward South Korea as well, which is perceived to be poaching on China's proud cultural heritage. These attitudes toward Korea are reflective of evolving Chinese understandings of what it means to be Chinese in the twenty-first century.
“Red China” and the “Yellow Peril”: How Ideology Divides Americans over China
Peter Hays Gries 동아시아연구원 2014 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.14 No.3
Based on a 2011 national survey, I argue that while US conservatives feel somewhat cooler toward the East Asian democracies than US liberals do, they feel much cooler toward China. Greater average conservative than liberal prejudice lingers, cooling attitudes toward the “Yellow Peril” of all Asian countries, but communism is a larger source of ideological differences over China. For cultural, social, economic, and political reasons, conservatives feel substantially cooler than liberals toward both communist countries in general and “Red China” in particular. I conclude by suggesting that with gerrymandering and ongoing ideological sorting, these ideological differences over China on Main Street may come to play a greater role in the making of US China policy.
Peter Hays Gries,Masui Yasuki 동아시아연구원 2022 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.22 No.1
Do history wars shape international affairs? If so, how and for whom? Taking the historical dispute between China and South Korea over the ancient Gaogouli/Goguryeo Kingdom as a case study, this article explores the individual-level psychological micro-foundations of history wars. A 2020 survey experiment in South Korea pit “ours” vs “theirs” Goguryeo imitation Wikipedia entries to explore their downstream consequences. It revealed direct, indirect, and conditional effects. Exposure to China's claim to the Kingdom undermined Korean pride, increasing dislike of China, and lessening desires to cooperate with it. Pre-existing levels of nationalism divided South Koreans in how angry they became after exposure the Wikipedia primes. That anger, however, only shaped the China policy preferences of those South Koreans who viewed the balance of military power with China favorably. Implications for ownership disputes over kimchi and other national possessions are also discussed, as are the implications of history wars for war and peace in twenty-first-century East Asia.
Project Life INSUSHELL: Reducing the Carbon Footprint in Concrete Construction
Tomoscheit, Silke,Gries, Thomas,Horstmann, Michael,Hegger, Josef Sustainable Building Research Center 2011 International journal of sustainable building tech Vol.2 No.2
Within the Life INSU-SHELL project (Environmentally Friendly fa$\c{c}$ade Elements made of thermal insulated Textile Reinforced Concrete) RWTH Aachen University together with industrial partners developed and implemented an innovative and eco friendly modular system for sandwich fa$\c{c}$ades. The thin-walled, light-weight sandwich structure combines Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) and a PUR-rigid-foam-insulation. With the use of TRC a large quantity of concrete material and therefore $CO_2$-output can be avoided. The lower amount of concrete used in the new elements results in a reduction of $CO_2$-output of about 70% in comparison to a similar element of ferroconcrete. The lower weight saves energy and fuel. Moreover it reduces the pollutant emission in transport and application. The employment of the innovative elements at the new INNOTEX building (ITA: Institut fuer Textiltechnik of RWTH Aachen University) with a fa$\c{c}$ade size of about $590\;m^2$ saved large quantities of $CO_2$-output in comparison to conventional building techniques.
Yoo, Doo-Yeol,Gohil, Udityasinh,Gries, Thomas,Yoon, Young-Soo SAGE Publications 2016 Journal of composite materials Vol.50 No.17
<P>In this study, the effect of the textile reinforcement type on the flexural response of textile-reinforced concrete beams under static and impact loads was investigated. In addition, to compare the flexural capacities with those of conventional steel-fiber-reinforced concrete, steel-fiber-reinforced concrete beams having similar compressive strength with that of textile-reinforced concrete were fabricated and tested according to the fiber content. Enhancements in the flexural capacities were obtained using polymer-coated textile reinforcement, and three-dimensional textile reinforcement resulted in slightly better flexural performance than two-dimensional textile reinforcement under both static and impact loads. Upon comparison with the results obtained from the steel-fiber-reinforced concrete beams, the textile-reinforced concrete specimen with polymer-coated textile reinforcement exhibited the best flexural performance in terms of the strength, toughness, and residual load carrying capacity (higher than or at least similar to those of the steel-fiber-reinforced concrete with a fiber volume content of 2%), whereas the textile-reinforced concrete specimens with uncoated textile reinforcement exhibited lower strength and toughness than those of the steel-fiber-reinforced concrete with a fiber volume content of 0.5%. Finally, the strain-rate sensitivity of the flexural strength for textile-reinforced concrete was found to be similar to that for steel-fiber-reinforced concrete.</P>