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Shortening “arm’s length”: From the Canada Council to the SSHRC
Gregory Klages(Gregory Klages ) 한국캐나다학회 2011 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.17 No.2
The Canada Council was created in 1957, with an endowment of public funds, partial insulation from government interference in its decision-making, and a mandate to encourage the arts, humanities, and social sciences. Calls to sever responsibility for the humanities and social sciences from the Council’s responsibilities were made almost immediately. Representatives from these fields were displeased with the amount of money the Council granted to them relative to the support it provided the arts. During the 1960s and early 1970s, the government sought to enhance the political role played by culture within the nation-state, to develop a national science policy, as well as to rationalize its own spending. The Council came under increasing pressure to take government priorities into consideration. Its “arm’s length” status did not co-exist well with the gov-ernment’s policy program, eventually leading to the creation of a new federal agency, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council.
Deriving the Derived Environment Constraint in non-derivational phonology
Gregory K. Iverson 한국음운론학회 2004 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.10 No.1
Gregory K. Iverson. 2004. Deriving the Derived Environment Con-straint in non-derivational phonology. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology. 10.1. 1-21. A challenge to optimality theory has been to find motivated mechanisms that will impose general grammatical limitations equivalent to those uncovered in derivational frameworks. Proponents of optimality theory have struggled in particular to accommodate predictions of the Derived Environment Constraint (Kiparsky 1973), a widely tested principle that is shown here to play a key role in the staged development of contrasts in second language phonology. The paper concludes that the most straightforward implementation of the Derived Environment Constraint within optimality theory is the approach of Y. Cho (2002), which is to introduce a top-ranked "Lexical Faithfulness" constraint (FAITH-LEX) to the effect that optimal candidates may deviate from their input representations just in case these are not also lexical representations. Yet without explicit incorporation of the notion of contrast to limit FAITH-LEX to structure-preserving domains, the optimality theory rendition of the Derived Environment Constraint remains empirically inadequate. A solution lies in the "No Specification" (*SPEC) proposal for lexicon optimization recently advanced by J. Kim (2002): Redundant features must be absent in the underlying representation. (University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee)
“In Your Face”: Domestic Politics,Nationalism, and “Face” in the Sino-Japanese Islands Dispute
( Gregory J. Moore ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2014 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.38 No.2
While China`s rising power is certainly an important variable in Sino- Japanese relations, it cannot explain either why the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands dispute broke out anew in the fall of 2012 or why the Chinese response was so strong. China read Japan`s move to nationalize the islands as an in-your-face move designed to show disrespect for China and make Japan`s sovereignty over the islands a fait accompli. In this article I borrow from Robert Putnam`s notion of two level games to argue that there are two levels of face politics going on in this case: one between domestic actors in Japan and in China, the other between the two countries. A solution to the territorial dispute can only be found when both sides` "face needs" are recognized and met at both levels of analysis.
Electrochemical dehalogenation of disinfection by-products and iodine-containing contrast media
Gregory Korshin,Mingquan Yan 대한환경공학회 2018 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.23 No.4
This paper summarizes results of research on the electrochemical (EC) degradation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) and iodine-containing contrast media (ICMs), with the focus on EC reductive dehalogenation. The efficiency of EC dehalogenation of DBPs increases with the number of halogen atoms in an individual DBP species. EC reductive cleavage of bromine from parent DBPs is faster than that of chlorine. EC data and quantum chemical modeling indicate that the EC reduction of iodine-containing DBPs (I-DBPs) is characterized by the formation of active iodine that reacts with the organic substrate. The occurrence of ICMs has attracted attention due to their association with the generation of I-DBPs. Indirect EC oxidation of ICMs using anodes that produce reactive oxygen species can result in a complete degradation of these compounds yet I-DBPs are formed in the process. Reductive EC deiodination of ICMs is rapid and its overall rate is diffusion-controlled yet I-DBPs are also produced in this reaction. Further progress in practically feasible EC methods to remove DBPs, ICMs and other trace-level organic contaminants requires the development of novel electrocatalytic materials, elimination of mass transfer limitations via innovative design of 3D electrodes and EC reactors, and further progress in the understanding of intrinsic mechanisms of EC reactions of DBPs and TrOC at EC interfaces.
The Decline of Particularism in Japanese Politics
Gregory W. Noble 동아시아연구원 2010 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.10 No.2
Particularistic spending has played a storied role in Japanese politics, but during he last decade of LDP rule, expenditures on roads, bridges, agricultural projects, and the like steadily lost ground to more programmatic outlays on social elfare, science and technology, and public order (but not defense or foreign aid). Prime Minister Koizumi played an important role in this shift, but the trends preceded him and continued under his much weaker successors. The nd of the Cold War, increasing foreign investment, and the weakness of the omestic economy probably played mostly minor roles in the decline of particularism. The aging of Japanese society, not least in rural areas, created direct pressure for programmatic spending, while partisan upheaval, the growing share of floating voters, and reforms to the electoral and administrative systems reated both an incentive and a greater capacity to redirect attention to the oncerns of median voters.