Sevoflurane with opioid or dexmedetomidine infusions in dogs undergoing intracranial surgery: a retrospective observational study

Felipe Marquez-Grados,Enzo Vettorato,Federico Corletto 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.1

This study reports the clinical use of two sevoflurane-based anesthetic techniques in dogs undergoing craniectomy. Twenty-one animals undergoing elective rostrotentorial or transfrontal craniectomy for brain tumor excision, anesthetized with sevoflurane, were enrolled in this retrospective, observational study. Anesthetic records were allocated to two groups: Sevo-Op (sevoflurane and short acting opioid infusion): 8 dogs and Sevo-Dex (sevoflurane and dexmedetomidine infusion): 13 dogs. Average mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, end-tidal carbon dioxide, end-tidal sevoflurane and intraoperative infusion rates during surgery were calculated. Presence of intra-operative and post-operative bradycardia, tachycardia, hypotension, hypertension, hypothermia, hyperthermia was recorded. Time to endotracheal extubation, intraoperative occurrence of atrioventricular block, postoperative presence of agitation, seizures, use of labetalol and dexmedetomidine infusion were also recorded. Data from the two groups were compared with Fisher's exact test and unpaired t tests with Welch's correction. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for categorical variables. Intra-operatively, MAP was lower in Sevo-Op [85 (± 6.54) vs. 97.69 (± 7.8) mmHg, p = 0.0009]. Time to extubation was longer in Sevo-Dex [37.69 (10–70) vs. 19.63 (10–25), p = 0.0033]. No differences were found for the other intra-operative and post-operative variables investigated. Post-operative hypertension and agitation were the most common complications (11 and 12 out of 21 animals, respectively). These results suggest that the infusion of dexmedetomidine provides similar intra-operative conditions and post-operative course to a short acting opioid infusion during sevoflurane anesthesia in dogs undergoing elective rostrotentorial or transfrontal intracranial surgery.

BOUNDARIES FOR AN ALGEBRA OF BOUNDED HOLOMORPHIC FUNCTIONS

Moraes, L.A.,Grados, L.-Romero Korean Mathematical Society 2004 대한수학회지 Vol.41 No.1

Let $A_b(B_E)$ be the Banach algebra of all complex valued bounded continuous functions on the closed unit ball $B_E$ of a complex Banach space E, and holomorphic in the interior of $B_E$, endowed with the sup norm. We present some sufficient conditions for a set to be a boundary for $A_b(B_E)$ in case E belongs to a class of Banach spaces that includes the pre-dual of a Lorentz sequence space studied by Gowers in [6]. We also prove the non-existence of the Shilov boundary for $A_b(B_E)$ and give some examples of boundaries.

Boundaries for an algebra of bounded holomorphic functions

L. A. Moraes,L. Romero Grados 대한수학회 2004 대한수학회지 Vol.41 No.1

Let Ab(BE) be the Banach algebra of all complex valued bounded continuous functions on the closed unit ball BE of a complex Banach space E, and holomorphic in the interior of BE, endowed with the sup norm. We present some sufficient conditions for a set to be a boundary for Ab(BE) in case E belongs to a class of Banach spaces that includes the pre-dual of a Lorentz sequence space studied by Gowers in [6]. We also prove the non-existence of the Shilov boundary for Ab(BE) and give some examples of boundaries.

Levels of persistent organic pollutants in air in China and over the Yellow Sea

Lammel, G.,Ghim, Y.S.,Grados, A.,Gao, H.,Huhnerfuss, H.,Lohmann, R. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2007 Atmospheric environment Vol.41 No.3

The occurrence of persistent toxic substances (PTS) in China and possibly their regional transport in the Yellow and East China Seas region was studied. Organochlorines in atmospheric gas-phase and particulate matter were collected by high-volume sampling (filters and polyurethane foams) during 2 weeks in June 2003 (dry season) simultaneously at a Yellow Sea coastal site in an urban area, Qingdao, China, and a rural island site, Gosan, Jeju Island, Korea. Using GC methods, the samples were analysed for 9 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) regulated under the global POP convention, namely aldrin, chlordane (cis- and trans-isomers CC and TC), DDT and metabolites (o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, and p,p'-DDE), dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), mirex and PCB (congeners number 28, 52, 101, 153 and 180), and for hexachlorocyclohexane (α-, β- and γ-isomers), a PTS and now considered for regulation under the convention, too. At the coastal site additionally o,p'-DDE and -DDD, β-endosulfan, isodrin, heptachlorepoxide and δ-HCH, and at the island site additionally p,p'-DDT and 12 additional PCB congeners were analysed. 9 samples were collected at the coastal and 15 (for PCBs 5) at the island site. Long-range advection pathways were determined based on analysed back-trajectory calculations. The mean concentrations of DDT and its metabolites, HCB, HCH, and PCB at the coast were in the 100-1000pgm<SUP>-3</SUP> range. Higher concentrations prevailed during nighttime. The levels were in general lower at the island site, but not for DDT. Local sources are likely. PCBs were even 2 orders of magnitude lower, suggesting that PCBs are not subject to regional transport but elevated concentrations in air are limited to the source areas. Organochlorine pesticide levels on the other hand were seemingly determined by regional transport over Mainland China rather than by emissions in the coastal area. The currently used pesticides mirex and chlordane were found at elevated levels, i.e. 79 (6.6-255) and 36 (<6-71) pgm<SUP>-3</SUP>, respectively, at the coast but not over the island. The POPs pesticides aldrin, dieldrin and endrin, never registered in China, were mostly found at <10pgm<SUP>-3</SUP> except for endrin at the coastal site (up to 400pgm<SUP>-3</SUP>) and aldrin at the island site (up to 50pgm<SUP>-3</SUP>).

Sensitivity to electrochemical potential of the number of off-resonant conduction states in a single-atom nanowire

M.A. Grado-Caffaro,M. Grado-Caffaro 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.2

Given a one-atom nanowire in the presence of an electrochemical potential, a novel formulation is presented so that the sensitivity to this potential of the number of conducting off-resonant channels is evaluated from defining a suitable parameter which can be viewed as a normalized gradient of the above number with respect to the electrochemical potential. The range of values taken on by this parameter is determined in terms of the electrochemical potential which is assumed to take on strictly positive values only. In fact, sufficiently large strictly positive values of that potential are considered. In addition, a linear operator associated with the sensitivity parameter is introduced and discussed within a commutative semigroup structure.

EVALUATING DOT-LEAD COUPLING IN A NONPARABOLIC QUANTUM DOT CONNECTED TO TWO CONDUCTING LEADS

M.A. Grado-Caffaro,M. GRADO-CAFFARO 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2012 NANO Vol.7 No.3

By considering excitons in a semiconductor nonparabolic quantum dot as hydrogen-atom-like quasi-particles confined in a spherical quantum box, the dot being connected to two semi-infinite conducting leads, we propose a theoreticalanalytical approach by which the maximal dot-lead coupling energy is calculated in terms of the maximum Fermi velocity. In addition, numerical computations consistent with the above approach are carried out. Our results constitute a deep insight into the state of the art and agree with experimental data.

MAXIMUM ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE OF A METALLIC PARABOLIC QUANTUM DOT VERSUS DOT-LEAD COUPLING

M. A. GRADO-CAFFARO,M. GRADO-CAFFARO 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2011 NANO Vol.6 No.6

Starting from assuming that the electrical zero-bias conductance in a metallic quantum dot may be represented well by the Breit–Wigner model (which, on the other hand, is certainly appropriate for one-atom metallic wires), the strength of the coupling between a metallic parabolic quantum dot and the involved leads is determined for maximum conductance through the dot. In fact, this maximal conductance is calculated and issues related to off-resonant conduction states are discussed.