Getihu Owners and the Fuwuyuan: Korean-Chinese Experimentation with the Market Economy in the Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture

Gowoon Noh(노고운) 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2020 디아스포라 연구 Vol.14 No.1

본 논문은 1980년대부터 1990년대까지의 중국의 후기사회주의 개혁 초기를 다루는 역사적 민족지이다. 본 논문의 목적은 이제까지 크게 다루어지지 않은 개혁개방 초기에 연변 조선족 자치주에서 중년 조선족 여성들이 경험한 다양한 경로로 사회주의 경제에서 자본주의 시장경제로의 이행을 기술하는 것이다. 특히 일부는 개체업의 경영주로 성장하고 일부는 그들에게 고용된 서비스직 노동자가 되면서 한때 계급투쟁을 통해 사회 불평등을 종식시키는 캠페인에 참여했던 조선족 여성 노동자들이 개혁개방 시기의 계급 형성을 어떻게 해석하는지 분석한다. 조선족 여성들은 다양한 시기에 다양한 과정으로 시장 경제에 뛰어들게 되면서 기존의 연구들이 주장하는 것과는 달리 단일화한 방식으로 개혁개방을 경험하지 않았고, 개혁개방에 대한 다채로운 시간성과 공간성을 형성했다. 이를 통해 개방이라는 단어에 대한 다양한 문화적 의미를 만들었다. 개방은 개혁개방만을 의미하지 않고 새로운 체제로의 변화와 도전에 대한 개방적인 태도 또는 자본주의를 이해하는 능력 등으로 이해된다. 따라서 현재의 빈부격차를 제도적 문제보다는 개인의 성격이나 자질에 따른 차이라고 주장하는 경향이 나타난다. 그러나 본 논문은 시장경제에 적응하는 교육이 거의 부재했다는 점을 들며 사회 불평등을 개인만이 아니라 국가가 책임져야 하는 제도적 문제라고 하는 서비스직 여성 노동자들도 있다는 점을 보인다. 이를 통해 본 논문은 현재의 후기사회주의 중국에서 연변 조선족 여성들이 계급의 재등장과 사회불평등을 해석하는 데 있어서 신자유주의적 개인주의와 국가 책임주의가 공존함을 보인다. This article presents an ethnographic historiography of the beginning of postsocialist reforms between the 1980s and the 1990s in the Yanbian Korean-Chinese autonomous prefecture (hereafter Yanbian) in China. It focuses on how they interpreted the process through which they, once socialist danwei workers, were divided into two social classes: the owners of getihu (small private businesses) and their sales employees (the fuwuyuan ). Depending on when and how they came to terms with the end of danwei employment and began to earn money in the market economy, they had experienced and conceptualized Yanbian differently in terms of the concepts of time and space. This article, therefore, analyzes the cultural meanings of this heterogeneity with respect to their temporal and spatial experiences in postsocialist Yanbian. More importantly, this article illustrates how the early adopters of the economic reforms and the faithful socialist workers in danwei held different cultural values and morals with respect to their devotion to either the new market system or the existing state-run planned economy, respectively. The analysis provided here concerning this division of the Korean-Chinese workers in the early postsocialist period will shed light on how they defined who the good Chinese citizens were, and how they imagined their relationships with the Chinese state and the Korean ethnic community at the turn of the new postsocialist era. This analysis will further help us understand how the Korean-Chinese have conceptualized and evaluated the reemergence of social inequality in Yanbian during the postsocialist period.

Robotic Arm for Lateral Approach using an Asymmetric Scissors Mechanism for Multi-Rotor Drones: Design and Kinematic Analysis

Gowoon Jeong(정고운),Se-Ryeong Oh(오세령),Subin Im(임수빈),Seong Young Ko(고성영) 한국자동차공학회 2021 한국자동차공학회 지부 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.12

A New ATC (ATM Transfer Capability) for Non-Realtime VBR Service : NBR (Negotiated Bit Rate)

Gowoon Lee(이고운),ChangHwan Oh(오창환),Aftab. Ahmad,Ki Son. Kim(김기선) 한국정보과학회 1997 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1997 No.4

Mass Media and Transnational Community

Gowoon Noh(노고운) 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2018 디아스포라 연구 Vol.12 No.1

본 논문은 중국 연변 조선족 자치주에 거주하는 조선족의 한국TV 시청에 관한 민족지적 연구이다. 대중매체 시청을 통한 한국과의 초국가적 연결이 연변 조선족에게 중국 및 한국과의 관계를 이해하는 데 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴본다. 본 논문의 자료는 2005년부터 2007년까지의 질적 연구와 그 이후에 이루어진 문헌 및 인터넷 자료 연구를 기반으로 한다. 본 논문은 먼저 연변 조선족이 중국에서 불법인 위성TV를 통해 집에서 한국 텔레비전을 일상적으로 시청하는 상황을 살핀다. 두 번째로 한국 텔레비전 드라마 “열아홉 순정”에 대한 그들의 평가를 분석하면서 한국 대중매체에 나타나는 조선족의 이미지가 그들의 민족 정체성에 어떤 영향을 주는지 분석한다. 마지막으로 연변 조선족이 조선족 학자들의 조선족과 한국 및 중국의 관계를 유교적 부모-자녀 관계로 설명한 이론을 이용하여 한국 대중매체에 등장하는 왜곡된 조선족의 이미지를 이해하는 사례를 소개한다. 결론적으로 본 논문은 한국TV 시청을 통해 조선족은 한민족으로서의 소속감보다는 오히려 중국인으로서의 정체성을 깨닫게 하는 상황을 보인다. This article is an ethnographic case study which depicts the ways in which Korean-Chinese in Yanbian, China, have watched South Korean television programs through various methods. The main goal of this article is to examine how this transnational interconnectedness through popular media technologies affects the ways that Korean-Chinese appreciate their complex relationships with China and South Korea. Based on my qualitative fieldwork research conducted between 2005 and 2007 in Yanbian, China, I first will explore how Korean-Chinese in Yanbian have related to South Korean mass media by using an officially prohibited satellite television reception at home. Secondly, I will present one ethnographic case study of watching a particular South Korean television drama, Pure Nineteen (Yŏrahop Sunjŏng). By analyzing how Korean-Chinese resist their peculiar and stereotyped image on South Korean TV, I demonstrate that global media connection does not necessarily create either cultural homogeneity or a sense of belonging to a pan-ethnic or pan-national transnational community (in this case, a pan-Korean transnational community). This article suggests that Korean-Chinese have constructed a new sense of Korean-Chinese ethnic identity which consists of a distanced emotional bondage with South Korea and a stronger political and cultural attachment to post-Mao China.

Applying Complex Systems Thinking to Grok Climate Change Impacts on Local Communities in East Asia

GoWoon Kim,Joon Kim,Yoosoon An,Soonchang Yoon 한국기상학회 2023 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.4

Religious Space for Young People: What Megachurch Means for Millennials in South Korea

Gowoon JUNG The Academy of Korean Studies 2022 Korea Journal Vol.62 No.1

Detection of homodimer formation of CD99 throughextracelluar domain using bimolecular fluorescencecomplementation analysis

Gowoon Choi, Sang Wook Lee,Kyoung Cheon Jung,Eun Young Choi 생화학분자생물학회 2007 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.39 No.6

Although various functions of CD99 have been reported, such as apoptosis and homotypic aggregation of thymocyte and transendothelial migration of immune cells, biochemical/molecular natures of CD99 are still elusive. Using mouse CD99 gene, we show that CD99 forms homodimer through its extracellular domain. Expression of mouse CD99 is up-regulated on T cells after CD3-mediated activation, like the case for human CD99. The potential of CD99 to form homodimer was tested with a recently developed bimoleular fluorescence complementation analysis (BiFC). In BiFC analysis, the dimerization-induced fluorescence was strong near the perinuclear region and was faded at the cell membrane. However, surface expression of CD99 was still detected by flow cytometry, suggesting that CD99 either in monomer form or in association with other molecules exists on the cell surface. In BiFC analysis using CD99 mutants with its extracellular, transmembrane, or cytosolic domains changed to corresponding human CD4 domains, the mutant replaced with human CD4-extracellular domain did not produce fluorescence. Purified soluble CD99-Fc fusion proteins bound to CD99-Fc immobilized onto the gold sensor chip in surface plasmon resonance analysis, confirming that the extracellular domain was responsible for dimer formation. Intracytoplasmic staining for CD99 expression in the thymocytes and mature T cells showed that most of the cells, even the cells with low surface level of CD99, contained the molecule inside the cell. Our results suggest that majority of CD99 homodimers may exit in the cell and be exported to the cell surface, dissociating from each other, after a certain regulatory signal is delivered.

Nodular cutaneous amyloidosis on the nose confirmed using electron microscopy: a case report

( Gowoon Choi ),( Donghyun Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2022 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.73 No.2

Post-mastectomy radiation therapy in breast reconstruction: a patterns of care study of the Korean Radiation Oncology Group

Gowoon Yang,Jee Suk Chang,Kyung Hwan Shin,Jin Ho Kim,Won Park,Haeyoung Kim,Kyubo Kim,Ik Jae Lee,Won Sup Yoon,Jihye Cha,Kyu-Chan Lee,Jin Hee Kim,Jin Hwa Choi,Sung-Ja Ahn,Boram Ha,Sun Young Lee,Dong Soo 대한방사선종양학회 2020 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.38 No.4

Purpose: The details of breast reconstruction and radiation therapy (RT) vary between institutions; therefore, we sought to investigate the practice patterns of radiation oncologists who specialize in breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We identified the practice patterns and inter-hospital variations from a multi-center cohort of women with breast cancer who underwent post-mastectomy RT (PMRT) to the reconstructed breast at 16 institutions between 2015 and 2016. The institutions were requested to contour the target volume and produce RT plans for one representative case with five different clinical scenarios and answer questionnaires which elicited infrastructural information. We assessed the inter-institutional variations in RT in terms of the target, normal organ delineation, and dose-volume histograms. Results: Three hundred fourteen patients were included; 99% of them underwent immediate reconstruction. The most irradiated material was tissue expander (36.9%) followed by transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap (23.9%) and silicone implant (12.1%). In prosthetic-based reconstruction with tissue expander, most patients received PMRT following partial deflation. Conventional fractionation and hypofractionation RT were used in 66.6% and 33.4% patients, respectively (commonest: 40.05 Gy in 15 fractions [17.5%]). Furthermore, 15.6% of the patients received boost RT and 53.5% were treated with bolus. Overall, 15 physicians responded to the questionnaires and six submitted their contours and RT plans. There was a significant variability in target delineations and RT plans between physicians, and between clinical scenarios. Conclusion: Adjuvant RT following post-mastectomy reconstruction has become a common practice in Korea. The details vary significantly between institutions, which highlights an urgent need for standard protocol in this clinical setting.

Xanthogranuloma on the lip

( Gowoon Choi ),( Moonsoo Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2022 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.73 No.2