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Subramanian Gopalakannan,Thiagarajan Senthilvelan 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.3
A novel aluminium metal matrix composite reinforced with SiC particles were prepared by liquid metallurgy route. Recent developmentsin composites are not only focused on the improvement of mechanical properties, but also on machinability for difficult-tomachineshapes. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) was employed to machine MMC with copper electrode. using EDM. Experimentswere conducted using pulse current, gap voltage, pulse on time and pulse off time as typical process parameters. The experimentplan adopts face centered central composite design of response surface methodology. Analysis of variance was applied to investigate theinfluence of process parameters and their interactions viz., pulse current, gap voltage, pulse on time and pulse off time on material removalrate (MRR), electrode wear ratio (EWR) and surface roughness (SR). The objective was to identify the significant process parametersthat affect the output characteristics. Further a mathematical model has been formulated by applying response surface method inorder to estimate the machining characteristics such as MRR, EWR and SR.
장인권,Ayyaru Gopalakannan,Kannan Suriakala,김종식,김봉래,조영록,Xian-Hong Meng,서형철 한국수산과학회 2008 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.11 No.4
Viral diseases are major emerging problems of shrimp that have affected the production, and even complete losses for shrimp farms. In this study, we developed a sensitive TaqMan real-time PCR method to quantify white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV) in the shrimp and pond water in which fleshy shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, are reared. WSSV and HPV in pond seawaters ranged from 1.65×103 to 2.43×109 and from 0 to 4.43×105 copies/L of seawater, respectively. Of 20 ponds analyzed, all pond water and shrimp were positive for WSSV. L. vannamei showed higher susceptibility to WSSV than F. chinensis. HPV was detected only in the pond water for F. chinensis. In shrimp tissue, however, HPV was found in both species, with 23-times higher infection rate in F. chinensis than L. vannamei. The total bacterial counts in the pond water ranged from 2.23×103 to 1.98×105 CFU/mL. The variations in total bacterial count for each pond appeared to correlate to the variations of the WSSV load. Statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the WSSV load in pond water and shrimp, and there was no relationship between total bacterial load and viral load in the pond water. However, a significant difference (P<0.01) was found between HPV load and L. vannamei and F. chinensis pond water.
S. Vishvanathperumal,S. Gopalakannan 한국고분자학회 2017 폴리머 Vol.41 No.3
The ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM)/styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/nanoclay (NC) nanocomposites were prepared with various nanoclay contents loading and different crosslinking systems by using an open mill mixer. Sulfur, dicumyl peroxide and the mixed system were used as crosslinking systems for the nanocomposites. The effects of nanoclay loading and crosslinking systems on the swelling behavior, compression set behavior, abrasion resistance, hardness, rebound resilience and water uptake of EPDM/SBR blends were investigated. Mole percent uptake of aromatic, aliphatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons through the nanocomposites was investigated at 23℃. The peroxide cured nanocomposites have exhibited the lowest solvent uptake in all the penetrant as well as the lowest uptake exhibited by aliphatic hydrocarbons. An increase in nanoclay loading resulted in reduction in water uptake and rebound resilience as well as increases in compression set, hardness, and abrasion resistance in all the crosslinking systems.
Jang, In-Kwon,Gopalakannan, Ayyaru,Suriakala, Kannan,Kim, Jong-Sheek,Kim, Bong-Rae,Cho, Yeong-Rok,Meng, Xian-Hong,Seo, Hyeong-Chul The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2008 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.11 No.4
Viral diseases are major emerging problems of shrimp that have affected the production, and even complete losses for shrimp farms. In this study, we developed a sensitive TaqMan real-time PCR method to quantify white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV) in the shrimp and pond water in which fleshy shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, are reared. WSSV and HPV in pond seawaters ranged from $1.65{\times}10^3$ to $2.43{\times}10^9$ and from 0 to $4.43{\times}10^5$ copies/L of seawater, respectively. Of 20 ponds analyzed, all pond water and shrimp were positive for WSSv. L. vannamei showed higher susceptibility to WSSV than F chinensis. HPV was detected only in the pond water for F chinensis. In shrimp tissue, however, HPV was found in both species, with 23-times higher infection rate in F chinensis than L. vannamei. The total bacterial counts in the pond water ranged from $2.23{\times}l0^3$ to $1.98{\times}l0^5\;CFU/mL$. The variations in total bacterial count for each pond appeared to correlate to the variations of the WSSV load. Statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the WSSV load in pond water and shrimp, and there was no relationship between total bacterial load and viral load in the pond water. However, a significant difference (P<0.01) was found between HPV load and L. vannamei and F chinensis pond water.
사육수 비교환 방식에 의한 흰다리새우의 고밀도 사육 I. 후기유생(postlarva)의 실내 중간육성
장인권,김종식,조국진,서형철,조영록,Ayyaru Gopalakannan,김봉래 한국양식학회 2008 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.21 No.4
Farming of the fleshy shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis which is a major cultured species in the west coast of South Korea, has been suffered from mass mortality due to disease epizootics including viruses. Since the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei was introduced to Korea in 2003, farming of this species has rapidly increased for years, occupying 62.5% of total cultured shrimp production in 2007. However the studies on L. vannamei culture methods for shrimp farming situations in Korea are very limited. Nursery culture of shrimp larvae has some advantages including increased survival, improved feed efficiencies, enhanced growth performance and reduced grow-out period. In this study, L. vannamei postlarvae (PL3-PL10) with a density of 3,750-9,090/m3 were cultured in four raceways under limited water exchange condition for 35 days. Survival was the highest (93.6%) in tank stocked with 4,090/m3 and was the lowest in tank with 9,090/m3(58.1%). Mean body weight at harvest ranged from 0.071 to 0.108 g, and FCR was 0.59-0.70 in all tanks. Concentration of total ammonia nitrogen was increased up to 20 ppm on day 10 in all tanks and thereafter gradually decreased by the third week of culture. Nitrite-nitrogen was rapidly increased from the third week, representing bio-floc condition by developed nitrifying bacterial community. Of the present nursery system some modification of structure and consideration for commercial scale are needed in order to be implemented to shrimp farmers.