ABSORBING PAIRS FACILITATING COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREMS FOR LIPSCHITZIAN TYPE MAPPINGS IN SYMMETRIC SPACES

Gopal,,Dhananjay,Hasan,,Mohammad,Imdad,,Mohammad Korean Mathematical Society 2012 대한수학회논문집 Vol.27 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to improve certain results proved in a recent paper of Soliman et al. [20]. These results are the outcome of utilizing the idea of absorbing pairs due to Gopal et al. [6] as opposed to two conditions namely: weak compatibility and the peculiar condition initiated by Pant [15] to ascertain the common fixed points of Lipschitzian mappings. Some illustrative examples are also furnished to highlight the realized improvements.

Computational Optimization of Bioanalytical Parameters for the Evaluation of the Toxicity of the Phytomarker 1,4 Napthoquinone and its Metabolite 1,2,4-trihydroxynapththalene

Gopal,,Velmani,AL,Rashid,,Mohammad,Harun,Majumder,,Sayani,Maiti,,Partha,Pratim,Mandal,,Subhash,C KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2015 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.18 No.2

Objectives: Lawsone (1,4 naphthoquinone) is a non redox cycling compound that can be catalyzed by DT diaphorase (DTD) into 1,2,4-trihydroxynaphthalene (THN), which can generate reactive oxygen species by auto oxidation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of the phytomarker 1,4 naphthoquinone and its metabolite THN by using the molecular docking program AutoDock 4. Methods: The 3D structure of ligands such as hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH) were drawn using hyperchem drawing tools and minimizing the energy of all pdb files with the help of hyperchem by $MM^+$ followed by a semi-empirical (PM3) method. The docking process was studied with ligand molecules to identify suitable dockings at protein binding sites through annealing and genetic simulation algorithms. The program auto dock tools (ADT) was released as an extension suite to the python molecular viewer used to prepare proteins and ligands. Grids centered on active sites were obtained with spacings of $54{\times}55{\times}56$, and a grid spacing of 0.503 was calculated. Comparisons of Global and Local Search Methods in Drug Docking were adopted to determine parameters; a maximum number of 250,000 energy evaluations, a maximum number of generations of 27,000, and mutation and crossover rates of 0.02 and 0.8 were used. The number of docking runs was set to 10. Results: Lawsone and THN can be considered to efficiently bind with NOS, CAT, GSH, GR, G6PDH and NADPH, which has been confirmed through hydrogen bond affinity with the respective amino acids. Conclusion: Naphthoquinone derivatives of lawsone, which can be metabolized into THN by a catalyst DTD, were examined. Lawsone and THN were found to be identically potent molecules for their affinities for selected proteins.

Electrospun Ag-CoF Doped PU Nanofibers: Effective Visible Light Catalyst for Photodegradation of Organic Dyes

Gopal,Panthi,박수진,박미라,김학용 한국고분자학회 2014 Macromolecular Research Vol.22 No.8

In this study, a novel polyurethane (PU) nanofibrous mat doped with Ag-CoF NPs has been synthesized byelectrospinning technique in which the in situ reduction of Ag+ into Ag NPs was achieved by utilizing the reductionability of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), which played dual roles as a solvent and reducing agent. Typically, solgelconsisting of CoF/PU and AgNO3 was stirred for 3 h and electrospun. The crystalline structure and uniform distributionof Ag-CoF NPs in/on PU NFs were demonstrated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM), respectively. Two organic dyes, MB and RhB, were used to investigate the photocatalytic activity of the nanofibrousmat under visible light irradiation.

Serum Biochemical, Histopathology and SEM Analyses of the Effects of the Indian Traditional Herb Wattakaka Volubilis Leaf Extract on Wistar Male Rats

Gopal,,Velmani,Mandal,,Vivekananda,Tangjang,,Sumpam,Mandal,,Subhash,C. KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2014 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.17 No.1

Objectives: The present study investigated the protective effect of Wattakaka (W.) volubilis leaf extract against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (with six rats in each group) and were fed ad libitum. The rats were fasted for sixteen hours before diabetes was induced by injecting a single dose of 90 mg/kg body weight of STZ in 0.9-percent normal saline through an intraperitoneal route. The five groups were as follows: Group 1: normal control (saline-treated), Group 2: untreated diabetic rats, Groups 3 and 4: diabetic rats treated orally with petroleum ether cold maceration extract (PEME) of W. volubilis (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight), and Group 5: diabetic rats treated orally with metformin (250 mg/kg body weight). All rats received treatment for 21 days. For the STZ-induced diabetic rats, the blood-glucose, ${\alpha}$-amylase, total protein and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were measured on days 7, 14 and 21 of the treatment with PEME of W. volubilis and the treatment with metformin. Histopathological changes in the liver were examined with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Morphological changes in the liver were also examined with glutaraldehyde fixation. Results: The treatments with PEME of W. volubilis and with metformin in experimental rats by oral injections for 21 days produced reductions in the levels of serum biochemical markers. Histopathology and scanning electron microscopy results showed that the administrations of PEME of W. volubilis and of metformin suppressed the generation of abnormal liver cells in the STZ-treated rats. Conclusion: These results suggest that both PEME of W. volubilis and metformin have a protective effect against STZ-induced diabetes.

Electrospun polymeric nanofibers encapsulated with nanostructured materials and their applications: A review

Gopal,Panthi,박미라,김학용,박수진 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.24 No.-

Use of nanostructured materials in powder form for various applications might show excellent performances, however they create serious problem due to separation difficulty, loss and photocorrosion during use, and their reusability in the case of large scale processes. This review presents the research that has been focused on the fabrication of composite NFs in which nanostructured materials are encapsulated in polymeric matrix by means of simple, effective, low cost, high yield technique; electrospinning in order to overcome the afore mentioned problems. Polymer NFs not only act as supporter but also prevent the aggregation and leaching of nanostructures improving their performances.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community Structure Changes in Lysimeter Soils Treated with Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer

Gopal Selvakumar Pyoung Ho Yi(이평호), Seong Eun Lee(이성은), Jin Myeon Park(박진면), Seung-Gab Han(한승갑) 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2017 No.10

Efficient Signature Scheme with Batch Verifications in Identity-Based Framework

Gopal,,P.V.S.S.N.,Vasudeva,Reddy,,P.,Gowri,,T. Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 2016 ETRI Journal Vol.38 No.2

In group-oriented applications, it is often required to verify a group of signatures/messages. The individual verification of signed messages in such applications comes at a high cost in terms of computations and time. To improve computational efficiency and to speed up the verification process, a batch verification technique is a good alternative to individual verification. Such a technique is useful in many real-world applications, such as mail servers, e-commerce, banking transactions, and so on. In this work, we propose a new, efficient identity-based signature (IDS) scheme supporting batch verifications. We prove that the proposed IDS scheme and its various types of batch verifications is tightly related to the Computational Diffie.Hellman problem under a random oracle paradigm. We compare the efficiency of the proposed scheme with related schemes that support batch verifications.

T-RFLP Diversity Analysis of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community Structure Changes in Pepper Rhizosphere Soils Treated with Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers

Gopal Selvakumar Pyoung Ho Yi(이평호), Seong Eun Lee(이성은), Jin Myeon Park(박진면), Seung-Gab Han(한승갑) 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2017 No.10

Effects of Long-Term Subcultured Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Red Pepper Plant Growth and Soil Glomalin Content

Gopal,Selvakumar,Pyoung,Ho,Yi,Seong,Eun,Lee,Charlotte,C.,Shagol,Seung,Gab,Han,Tong,Min,Sa,Bong,Nam,Chung 한국균학회 2018 Mycobiology Vol.46 No.2

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are well-known for their ability to improve plant growth and help plants withstand abiotic stress conditions. Unlike other fungi and bacteria, AMF cannot be stored, as they are obligate biotrophs. Long-term preservation of AMF spores is challenging and may lead to the loss of viability and efficiency. This study aimed to understand the effect of prolonged subculture of AMF species on the growth and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) from red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). AMF spores were mass-produced using different techniques and subcultured in pots with sorghum sudangrass as the host plant for 3 years. Experimental soil samples were collected from natural grassland. Five different AMF inocula were used in triplicate as treatments. After 70 days of growth, red pepper plants were harvested and plant dry weight, plant nutrient content, mycorrhizal colonization, AMF spore count, and soil glomalin content were determined. AMF-treated plants displayed higher dry weight than controls, with only fruit dry weight being significantly different. Similarly, significant differences in phosphorous and potassium contents of the above-ground plant parts were observed between mycorrhizal and control treatments. In addition, soil GRSP content was significantly higher in plants inoculated with Rhizophagus sp. and Gigaspora margarita. The increased plant growth and GRSP content suggest that AMF can be maintained for 3 years without losing their efficiency if subcultured regularly with different symbiotic host plants.

Genetic Variation in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae Populations Based onRAPD and rDNA RFLP Analyses

Gopal,Nagarajan,남명현,송정영,유성준,김홍기 한국식물병리학회 2004 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.20 No.4

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Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae is a fungal pathogen causing strawberry wilt disease. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of intergenic spacer (IGS) region of rDNA were used to identify genetic variation among 22 F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae isolates. All isolates could be distinguished from each other by RAPD analysis and RFLP of 2.6 kb amplified with primer CNS1 and CNL12 for IGS region of rDNA. Cluster analysis using UPGMA showed eight distinct clusters based on the banding patterns obtained from RAPD and rDNA RFLP. These results indicate that F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae isolates are genetically distinct from each other. There was a high level genetic variation among F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae.