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IN-CAR POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONS: ADVANCED TRANSMISSION TECHNIQUES
M. ANTONIALI,M. GIROTTO,A. M. TONELLO 한국자동차공학회 2013 International journal of automotive technology Vol.14 No.4
The increasing number of electronic control units (ECUs) inside a vehicle implies the need to develop and deploy on board robust, low latency and low complex telecommunication systems. In this respect, power line communications (PLC) is an attractive solution. The benefits provided by the introduction of power line communications in the in-car environment are multiple and they are related to the possibility of exploiting the existing and capillary wiring infrastructure to simplify the design of the in-vehicle data network (IVN) and, more importantly, to save weight and cost of the wiring harness. In this paper, we deal with the analysis of the performance achievable by applying innovative advanced modulation techniques to in-car measured power line channels, i.e., multicarrier (MC) and impulsive ultra wideband (I-UWB) modulation. We show that for low speed command and control applications, I-UWB is suitable since it requires lower power and lower computational efforts w.r.t. MC systems. Furthermore, we study the design of the optimal transmitted pulse to further improve the performance of I-UWB.
Adriano Cressoni Araujo,Elen Landgraf Guiguer,Sandra Maria Barbalho,Patricia C. S. Bueno,Juliana Agostinho Lopes,Bruna Ferreira da Silva,Letı´cia Cabrini Girotto,Marina Guirro de Paula,Paulo Vitor Zeb 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.1
Joannesia princeps is a plant commonly used in folk medicine as laxative for menstrual discomfort and as antihelminthic and antimicrobial to reduce edema and improve tissue healing. The seeds are used in many regions of Brazil as laxative; however, studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of using seeds of this plant on intestinal motility of Wistar rats, evaluate the effects and acute toxicity of its management, as well as determine its phytochemical profile. The evaluation of the effect on the intestinal motility was performed according to the model described by Michelin and Salgado (2004) with modifications. For the evaluation of acute toxicity, we used the model described by Craveiro et al. (2008) and Goloni et al. (2005), and for the analysis of the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, steroids, and other components, we used the method described by Carvalho et al. (2006). The results showed that J. princeps exhibits laxative effects similar to those of Senna species such as Cassia angustifolia and the phytochemical analysis of ethanol and aqueous extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, and/or steroids compounds. Acute toxicity showed in the first 12 h: piloerection, contortion, decreased respiratory rate, diarrhea, and weight loss. After this period, these changes were no longer observed. It was concluded that the seeds of this plant have potential laxative activity, confirming the popular use and that the dose of 5 g/kg can be considered safe for consumption.