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Skin metastases in ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma: a case report and a review of the literature
( Gina Nam ),( Young-mee Lim ),( Min Sun Cho ),( Junghye Lee ),( Yun Hwan Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.60 No.6
Epithelial ovarian carcinoma is a high mortality neoplasm in gynecologic malignancy. It usually can metastasize to distant organs such as pleura, liver, lung, and lymph nodes. However, the skin metastases are not common and related to very poor prognosis. Here we report a 54-year-old patient with ovarian clear cell carcinoma with skin metastases on the anterior chest at 11 months after initial diagnosis. Although she received palliative chemotherapy, she expired due to disease progression 2 months later after the diagnosis of skin metastases.
( Gina Nam ),( Sa Ra Lee ),( Yu Ra Ko ),( Gwang Jun Kim ) 대한폐경학회 2021 대한폐경학회지 Vol.27 No.1
Uterine perforation related with dilatation and curettage (D&C) is an uncommon event. Combined complications such as hemorrhage, adjacent organ injury, and omental incarceration may require an emergent surgical treatment. These are usually evident immediately or several days after the D&C, and a delayed presentation of uterine perforation are extremely rare. Herein, we report a rare case of omental incarceration presenting as a hyperechoic endometrial mass in a postmenopausal woman, diagnosed twenty-three years after the D&C. According to this case, when we encounter a hyperechoic endometrial lesion penetrating the uterine wall in women with a history of an intrauterine procedure such as D&C, we need to consider the possibility of an incarcerated omentum.
( Gina Nam ),( Sa Ra Lee ) 대한폐경학회 2021 대한폐경학회지 Vol.27 No.1
Müllerian development anomalies (MDAs) are most commonly diagnosed in the reproductive period. A bicornuate uterus is the result of a fusion defect of the Müllerian ducts, causing an abnormal fundal outline. Most of the cases are diagnosed early in life and present with obstetrical complications, such as recurrent pregnancy loss, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, placental abruption, and cervical incompetence. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in women with MDAs has been reported; however, all reported cases were when MDAs are diagnosed before or simultaneously with the development of POP in premenopausal young women aged < 35. A 52-yearold menopausal woman, who successfully delivered vaginally at term, was presented with protruding mass through vaginal introitus. On POP-Q examination, the cervix was elongated and descended to 1 cm out of the hymen during bearing down; however, the uterine bodies were confined in the pelvic cavity, which is commonly encountered among POP patients with large uterus due to uterine fibroids or adenomyosis. She also diagnosed for complete bicornuate uterus and underwent robotic sacrocolpopexy for advanced stage POP. It is presumed to have been caused by the bicornuate uterus that prevented the total uterine prolapse with the effect of extending both uterine horns bilaterally inside the pelvic cavity and trapping the uterus within the pelvis. Herein, we report a rare case of complete bicornuate uterus with multiple successful vaginal deliveries at term without obstetric complications, which remained undiagnosed until she was managed for the POP in her postmenopausal period.
An Analysis of Studies on Korean Students’ Use of English Language Learning Strategies
Gina Kim,Eric Hall 한국언어연구학회 2016 언어학연구 Vol.21 No.3
The purpose of this study is to review, analyze, and categorize articles dealing with language learning strategies used among Korean students. Recent articles were selected for the study which deal with strategies used in both ESL and EFL settings. The chosen articles were reviewed and categorized into Oxford’s classification system according to their main focus: (1) memory strategy, (2) cognitive strategy, (3) compensation strategy, (4) metacognitive strategy, (5) affective strategy, and (6) social strategy. The findings indicated that most studies on Korean students provided various examples of students’ tendency to favor compensation strategies and metacognitive strategies over affective and social strategies. The articles were divided into ESL and EFL settings to see whether Korean students used differing strategies based on a particular setting. Suggestions for teaching strategies and future research directions regarding strategies used by Korean students are also provided.
Diagnostics and Prognostication of Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Gina Zini 대한진단검사의학회 2017 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.37 No.6
MDS are a heterogeneous and complex group of clonal hematological neoplasms arising from a hematopoietic stem cell, and characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, resulting in increased apoptosis in the bone marrow and peripheral cytopenia, which involves one or more lineages. Epigenetic changes are reported as ‘founder’ mutations in the case of MDS. Its incidence in the general population has been reported as five new MDS diagnoses per 100,000 people. It affects men more frequently than it does women, and its incidence increases with age. The diagnostic classification, now in use, is the one of the World Health Organization, revised in August 2016. It recognizes six distinct entities in addition to a provisional entity of childhood. In most of the cases, diagnosis is based on the morphologic quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the peripheral blood and bone marrow using basic hematological techniques. Bone marrow biopsy and flow cytometric immunophenotyping also offer support for further diagnostic elucidation, while cytogenetics and molecular genetics are presently fully integrated into prognostication, treatment processes, and decision-making.
인간이해 : 진로선택과정과 초심 상담심리학자들에게 유용한 요인에 대한 질적 분석: 미국 대학상담센터 상담심리학자들을 대상으로
( Gina Zanardelli ),( Won Jin Sim ),( Mary Beth Mannarino ),( Mary Jo Loughran ),( Clara Hill ) 서강대학교 학생생활상담연구소 2015 人間理解 Vol.36 No.1
본 연구에서는 미국 대학 상담센터에서 근무하는 14명의 상담심리학자들을 대상으로 진로선택의 동기, 가치관, 개인생활이 일에 미치는 영향, 그리고 초심자들에게 유용한 요인에 대해 탐색하였다. 이를 위해 5년 미만 경력의 초심자 7명과 15년 이상 종사한 경력자 7명의 상담심리학자를 인터뷰한 면담자료를 합의적 질적연구(CQR)방법으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 참가자들은 진로 선택의 동기로 대학상담 장면에서 상담심리학자 역할의 중요성을 꼽았다. 둘째, 인간에 대한 존중, 인간 관계의 중요성, 평등, 의미추구, 그리고 이타심을 중요한 가치로 꼽았는데, 그 중 의미추구와 이타심은 경력자에게서만 보고되었다. 또한, 개인 생활이 일에 미치는 영향에 관해서는 가족이나 친구로부터 받는 지원과 이해의 중요성을 꼽았는데, 이는 경력자들에서 더 두드러졌다. 마지막으로, 초심자들에게 유용한 요인으로는 동료들과의 관계와 직장 밖에서의 인간관계를 맺고 유지하는 것, 지속적인 전문성 개발, 열정을 발견하는 노력이 보고되었다. 논의에서는 본 연구결과의 의의와 제한점이 언급되었다. Fourteen psychologists working at university counseling centers in the United States were interviewed about their values, emotional experiences at work, career paths, and advice to psychologists pursuing a similar career path. Seven participants were early career psychologists and the other seven had 15 or more years of experience as psychologists. Data were analyzed with Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR). Early career and experienced psychologists were compared. Participants reported a variety of values related to their work, including respect/dignity; relationships; equality; meaningfulness of work; and altruism. Only experienced psychologists reported meaningfulness of work and altruism. Regarding the influence of personal life on work, more experienced psychologists reported that support from and understanding of others was important to them. Finally, in terms of advice for new psychologists, participants suggested developing and maintaining relationships with colleagues and people outside of work, continued professional development, and finding one`s passion. Implications are discussed.