윤채한 시와 1960년대 대전문학

남기택 ( Nam¸ Gi-taek ) 우리어문학회 2022 우리어문연구 Vol.72 No.-

대전권 문학사에서 1960년대는 한국문인협회 충남지부가 결성되고 신진 작가들의 문단 활동이 본격화되는 등 도약기 또는 새로운 모색기로 규정되고 있다. 대표적 장르인 시문학의 경우 내용상으로는 그 이전부터 지속되어 오던 순수한 리리시즘의 세계, 사일구혁명과 관련된 현실 참여적 경향, 종교적 상상력을 바탕으로 당대 삶을 반영하는 양상 등으로 대변된다. 시인 윤채한은 이와 같은 주류적 흐름과 내용적 형식적으로 결을 달리하는 1960년대 대전 문학사의 특수성이라 할 만하다. 윤채한은 정식 등단 이전부터 시집을 간행하는 등 적극적인 문청 시절을 보냈고, 1965년에는 당대 대표적인 잡지 『문학춘추』에 작품을 발표하면서 전문 시인의 자격을 얻었다. 1967년에는 지역 문학장 활성화를 위해 계간지 『중도문학』을 창간하였다. 윤채한이 등단 이전에 상재한 『탑을 위한 영가』(1963)와 『벽으로 트인 풍경』(1964)에는 간결 직절한 수사의 정제된 서정을 위시하여 장시와 메타시 양상이 특징으로 드러난다. 이어지는 『에로시 시고』(1966)는 절제된 언어로 대상을 묘사하는 동시에 당대의 낭만과 사랑을 진솔하게 드러내고 있다. 이 시집은 청년기 삶과 시세계를 종합한 결과물이라 할 수 있다. 한편 등단작 「인상」에서는 역사와 생명이 양립하는 실존의 배경을 통해 상징적 면모를 보여 주었다. 이 작품이 수록된 『문학춘추』의 양상을 통해 지역 경계를 넘어 문학장의 확장과 소통을 가능케 했던 윤채한 문학세계의 제도적 거점을 확인할 수 있다. _중도문학_ 발간이 지시하는 바와 같이 윤채한의 문학 활동은 1960년대 대전 문학사에서 가장 역동적이고 진취적인 흔적이었다. 대전권에서 기존 흐름과의 단절성과 문학장의 연속성을 동시에 체현한 윤채한의 문학 활동은 지역 문학사의 중요한 지표일 뿐만 아니라 한국 문학사에서 하나의 결절 흔적에 해당된다. In the history of literature in Daejeon, the 1960s is defined as a new period of exploration, with the establishment of the Chungnam branch of Korean Writers Association and the full-fledged literary activity of up-and-coming poets. In terms of content, it is represented by the world of pure lyrism that has continued since before, the tendency to participate in reality related to the four-day revolution, and the aspect that reflects contemporary life based on religious imagination. The poet Yoon Chae-han, who had never had academic illumination so far, deserves to be called a peculiarity and a nodule in the history of literature in Daejeon in the 1960s. Yoon Chae-han had an active literary life, publishing a collection of poems before his official debut, and obtained the qualifications of a professional poet by publishing his works in the representative magazine of the time, Munhak-Chunchoo. In 1967, to revitalize the local literary field, a quarterly magazine Jungdo- Munhak, was launched. Yoon Chae-han's poems, which Yoon Chae-han resided in before the ascent, are characterized by long poems and meta-verses, including the refined lyric of a concise and direct rhetoric. In his debut work 「Insang」, he showed a symbolic aspect through the background of existence where history and life coexist. The subsequent Eros Si-go depicts the subject in a restrained language, while at the same time honestly revealing the romance and love of the time. It can be said that this is the result of synthesizing the life of youth and the world of poetry. As indicated by the publication of Jungdo-Munhak, Yoon Chae-han's literary activities were the most dynamic and progressive traces in the history of Daejeon literature in the 1960s. Such literary activities of Yoon Chae-han should be recorded not only as an important indicator of Daejeon literary history in the 1960s, but also as a nodular trace in the history of Korean literature.

Cybernetics and the Embodied Posthuman: Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? and Never Let Me Go

Gitaek Ryoo 한국동서비교문학학회 2020 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.0 No.54

The arrival of posthuman was heralded by cybernetics science, which allows humans to interact with technologies through feedback mechanisms. Cybernetics helps us move beyond the traditional notion of liberal humanism to view humans being entangled with other biological and technological beings that constitute our environments. With insights drawn from cybernetics, this paper examines the human-nonhuman coupling dynamics portrayed in Philip K. Dick’s Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? and Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go-works that epitomize our age of artificial intelligence and hybridized life forms. Both of these works incorporate the symbiotic feedback circuit that couples humans with nonhumans and dismantles the boundaries between subject and object, natural and manufactured, biological and technological, and mind and body. The paper explores the deeper implications of cybernetics while reassessing the disembodied vision of posthumanism to investigate the embodied nature of the posthuman that consolidates systems and environments and humans and nonhumans.

수직형 풍력발전기 효율 향상을 위한 모핑 에어포일 디자인

이기택(Gitaek Lee),손찬규(Chankyu Son),박근환(Keunhwan Park) 대한기계학회 2022 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2022 No.11

As each citys energy independence becomes more important, the energy produced in the city is becoming more and more important day by day. Therefore, this research team conducted a study with the aim of improving the efficiency of vertical wind power generators that are widely used in urbans. Based on the findings that energy production improves when the blades of vertical wind generators are thickened at certain angles, we designed an expandable-contractable blade. The expansion-contraction action of the blade allows a silicon film to be attached to the blade frame and the shape to be changed according to the internal pressure through the proportional control valve. Normal operation has been confirmed, and the wind power generator rotation speed will be set according to the expansion-contraction action time to check whether the actual efficiency is improved. Additionally, we plan experiments at typical vertical axis wind generator rotational speeds by reducing the expansion-contraction time of the blades. If the efficiency improvement is confirmed experimentally, it is expected that it can be used not only for improving the efficiency of vertical wind generators but also for various machines that use wings.

Numerical investigation on flammability of R32 leakage in heat pump outdoor unit with CFD simulation

Jung Gitaek,한욱민,Lee Hoseong 대한설비공학회 2023 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.31 No.1

R32 is receiving significant attention as an alternative refrigerant owing to its higher operating efficiency and lower environmental impact; however, it is classified as flammable refrigerants. There have been some studies on R32 leakages about indoor unit rooms but extremely limited studies about outdoor unit rooms. The outdoor unit room is more cramped than the indoor one, and leakage easily occurs due to high-temperature and high-pressure operating conditions. In this study, the flammability risk was evaluated through a comprehensive R32 leak study in the outdoor unit room. Critical factors including the leak diameter, unit installation height, refrigerant charge, air infiltration, window opening, and room size were carefully selected, and parameter studies and correlation analysis were conducted. As the leak diameter increased from 2 to 8 mm, the R32 volume fraction increased from 7.7 to 46.3%, indicating that the leak diameter is the most significant factor in increasing the R32 volume fraction. Considering that the leak diameter is less than 1 mm in a typical leak accident and the leak occurs with a diameter of 2 mm or more in a catastrophic case, the risk of R32 leak was found to be low under the conditions. By increasing the window opening and unit installation height, the concentration of R32 can be lowered below the LFL, thereby reducing the flammable volume to close to zero. R32 is receiving significant attention as an alternative refrigerant owing to its higher operating efficiency and lower environmental impact; however, it is classified as flammable refrigerants. There have been some studies on R32 leakages about indoor unit rooms but extremely limited studies about outdoor unit rooms. The outdoor unit room is more cramped than the indoor one, and leakage easily occurs due to high-temperature and high-pressure operating conditions. In this study, the flammability risk was evaluated through a comprehensive R32 leak study in the outdoor unit room. Critical factors including the leak diameter, unit installation height, refrigerant charge, air infiltration, window opening, and room size were carefully selected, and parameter studies and correlation analysis were conducted. As the leak diameter increased from 2 to 8 mm, the R32 volume fraction increased from 7.7 to 46.3%, indicating that the leak diameter is the most significant factor in increasing the R32 volume fraction. Considering that the leak diameter is less than 1 mm in a typical leak accident and the leak occurs with a diameter of 2 mm or more in a catastrophic case, the risk of R32 leak was found to be low under the conditions. By increasing the window opening and unit installation height, the concentration of R32 can be lowered below the LFL, thereby reducing the flammable volume to close to zero.

수직형 풍력발전기 효율 향상을 위한 모핑 에어포일 디자인

이기택(Gitaek Lee),손찬규(Chankyu Son),박근환(Keunhwan Park) 대한기계학회 2022 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2022 No.11

As each citys energy independence becomes more important, the energy produced in the city is becoming more and more important day by day. Therefore, this research team conducted a study with the aim of improving the efficiency of vertical wind power generators that are widely used in urbans. Based on the findings that energy production improves when the blades of vertical wind generators are thickened at certain angles, we designed an expandable-contractable blade. The expansion-contraction action of the blade allows a silicon film to be attached to the blade frame and the shape to be changed according to the internal pressure through the proportional control valve. Normal operation has been confirmed, and the wind power generator rotation speed will be set according to the expansion-contraction action time to check whether the actual efficiency is improved. Additionally, we plan experiments at typical vertical axis wind generator rotational speeds by reducing the expansion-contraction time of the blades. If the efficiency improvement is confirmed experimentally, it is expected that it can be used not only for improving the efficiency of vertical wind generators but also for various machines that use wings.

수치 모델 기반 실외기실 R-32 누출 사고의 가연성에 대한 누출변수 상관분석

정기택(Gitaek Jung),한욱민(Ukmin Han),홍장표(Jangpyo Hong),이윤아(Yoon-ah Lee),정준렬(Juneyeol Jung),전용주(Yongjoo Jun),이호성(Hoseong Lee) 대한설비공학회 2022 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.6

Research on R-32 driven heat pumps to reduce high GWP refrigerant is attracting attention. R-32 has good thermal performance and system efficiency, but has the disadvantage of being a mildly flammable refrigerant. In this study, numerical analysis was performed assuming an outdoor unit leak accident of an R-32 driven air conditioner. A case study was conducted to investigate whether the LFL was reached and the effect of the leakage variable in each case according to the change of the leakage variable. Through this study, the effect of leakage variables on the flammability of R-32 can be known.

주거용 건물 친환경 에너지 변환시스템의 최적화 연구

정기택(Gitaek Jung),정유준(Yujun Jung),정준렬(Juneyeol Jung),이호성(Hoseong Lee) 대한설비공학회 2022 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

This study was conducted to reduce the energy consumption of building energy by applying a renewable energy system. Analysis of the residential building system was performed through the TRNSYS simulation tool. The annual primary energy consumption of the proposed model applied PVT (photo voltaic-Thermal system), PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell), BESS (battery energy storage system), etc. and the reference building system driven only by the boiler and heat pump was compared. As a result of the simulation, it was confirmed that the model was driven without external power and that the primary energy consumption of the proposed model was 16.8% less than that of the reference model. However, the operation of the fuel cell without considering the state of charge of the battery causes a large power loss, and we plan to compensate for this through future research.

R32 구동 에어컨 누출 사고의 수치적 해석

정기택(Gitaek Jung),한욱민(Ukmin Han),이호성(Hoseong Lee) 대한설비공학회 2021 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

언론 · 출판의 자유와 명예보호 사이의 한계 - 영연방국가와의 비교를 중심으로

윤기택(Yun Gitaek) 한국재산법학회 2007 재산법연구 Vol.24 No.2

  The first half of this Study has dealt with the relationship between the common law of Defamation and Freedom of Speech in English Commonwealth Countries. Over the last decade, the relationship between the common law of Defamation and freedom of speech has preoccupied common courts around world; recently House of Lords in Reynolds v. Times Newspapers Limited and others and the New Zealand Courts of Appeal in Lange v Atkinson. Perhaps the most important development in the law of defamation in the last few years has occurred in the expansion of the common law qualified privilege defence. The basis of the privilege is the common convenience and welfare of society.<BR>  In the United State, the issue was dealt with long ago in the Supreme Court"s landmark decision in New York Times v Sullivan. In New York Times, the United States Supreme Court held that the first Amendment"s protection of freedom of speech required a federal rule that prohibits a public official from recovering damages for a defamatory falsehood relating to his official conduct unless he proves that the statement was made with "actual malice" or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not. The New York Times rule has been the most reference point in the deliberation in other countries of the relationship between the common law of Defamation and freedom of speech. The New York Times rule then came before the House of Lords in 1998 in Reynolds, when a defamation action was brought by a former Irish Prime Minister against the Sunday Times newspaper. Despite the sensitivity to free speech concerns evident in cases such as Derbyshire, English courts previously had not adopted a public figure defence in the common law of libel. Although it was not argued that the House of Lords, should adopt a New York Times-like defence, it was put that the common law should recognise a new "qualified privilege" that would protect political discussion. Under the suggested new rule, the common law solution is for the court to have regard to all the circumstances when deciding whether the publication of particular material was privileged because of its value to the public. Its value to the public depends upon its quality as well as its subject-matter.<BR>  On the other hand, the Australian High Court and the New Zealand Court of Appeal have extended common law qualified privilege to matters of political discussion. There the occasion is privileged in the Australian situation. provided that the conduct of the defendant was reasonable in making the publication, that is that the defendant had reasonable grounds for believing the imputation true, took proper steps to verify the accuracy of the information, and did not believe the imputation untrue. The New Zealand Court of Appeal rejected a reasonableness requirement of the Australian High Court; the defendant in matters of political discussion could rely on the defence, provided there was no ill will and it did not take improper advantage of the occasion.<BR>  In the second half of this paper, the comparative study on Defamation and Freedom of Speech in Common law and those in Korea has been tried. Prior to the 2000s the Korean Supreme Court had put more weight on protection of reputation than on protection of freedom of speech. In the 2000s the Korean Supreme Court seems to change its attitude and prefer freedom of speech to defamation. In case of conflict between protection of freedom of speech and protection of reputation, the Korean Supreme Court has decided the extent of freedom of speech in consideration of all social circumstances. The defence only applies to the comments made on matters of public interest and to expression based on Truth. If a defendant can"t prove that the statement made is true, justification can be used as a defence if the defendant has an adequate reason that the publication made could be true and public interest. In consider

탄광시와 강원영동지역문학 - 『한국탄광시전집』을 중심으로 : 탄광시와 강원영동지역문학

남기택(Nam Gitaek) 한국언어문학회 2007 한국언어문학 Vol.63 No.-

This study approaches Anthology of Coal Mine Poems within the framework of regional literature. Typical poems of such kind are characterized by predominant notion rather than dominant form. An unconventional form, symbolical poetic words, and structural elaborateness are found only in the works of some poets. ‘Coal mine poems’ are not reserved exclusively for those who experienced coal mining. Nevertheless, genuine agents of coal mine poems should be coal mine workers and residents. This is the very reason why such poems should be ascribed to ‘regional literature’. It is deemed appropriate for such poems to focus on creating poetic images rather than depicting reality in an abstract way. Poetry communicates abstract sense through something specific, namely, images, rather than through abstraction. More serious and continuous research must be sought through Anthology of Coal Mine Poems.