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Problem-solving approach for salbutamol analysis by HPLC during pharmaceutical assay
Gholizadeh-Hashjin, Aiesheh,Hamishehkar, Hamed,Monajjemzadeh, Farnaz The Korean Society of Analytical Sciences 2022 분석과학 Vol.35 No.5
When cationic basic compounds are chromatographed using hydro-organic mobile phase, the presence of anionic free silanols in the silica-based stationary phases results in broad and asymmetrical peaks. The addition of an ionic reagent to the mobile phase prevents analytes from accessing free silanols, improving peak shape. In this study, the chromatographic behavior of salbutamol sulfate as a basic compound was investigated under various conditions, including the use of different columns, mobile phases, and ion-pair reagents such as triethanolamine (TEA) and sodium heptane sulfonate (SHS). The retention and peak shape of chromatograms were both evaluated. The results show that pre-conditioning the column with TEA and including it in the mobile phase can prevent cationic analytes from accessing anionic silanols, resulting in improved peak shape. Furthermore, buffering the mobile phase is an important factor in keeping the pH constant throughout the process. The chosen method was validated in part. This study could be helpful for researchers and analyst to solve such problems with cationic basic components.
Gholizadeh Hassan,Ghorbani-HasanSaraei Azade,Tahermansouri Hasan,Shahidi Seyed-Ahmad 한국탄소학회 2019 Carbon Letters Vol.29 No.3
The carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs–COOH) were used as adsorbent for the separation of flavonoids (naringin and rutin) from bitter orange peel. The influence of the parameters such as, pH values, contact time, and desorption conditions was investigated. The samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermogravimetric, scanning electron microscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography. After separation and desorption process, the eluent was injected for chromatography analysis. Under the optimal conditions, experimental results showed that the extraction efficiency of rutin was higher than naringin and other compounds. Moreover, the desorption percentage of flavonoids was calculated 83.6% after four cycles. This research confirmed that this method for separation of flavonoids is simple and less cost. In addition, the separated flavonoids can be used as antioxidant for the future applications.
Gholizadeh Amir,Dehghani Hamid,Akbarpour Omidali,Amini Ashkboos,Sadeghi Kaveh,Hanifei Mehrdad,Sharifi-Zagheh Aram 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.5
In this study, 17 morphological and agronomic traits as indicators for identifying salinity tolerance genotypes in wheat were evaluated among a set of 110 different genotypes including advanced lines in breeding programs, wheat landraces collected from landraces throughout Iran, some well-known tolerant and sensitive cultivars and many commercial wheat cultivars. Plant materials were grown under non-saline (NS) and saline stress (SS) conditions (Electrical conductivity [EC] of 2 and 10 ds m -1 , respectively). The membership function value of salinity tolerance (MFVS) was used as a comprehensive index for evaluation and selection of wheat salinity tolerance. A comprehensive evaluation method, the membership function value of salinity tolerance (MFVS), which combined the salinity-tolerant coefficient (SC) of morphological and agronomic traits that could be easily estimated, was used to investigate the wheat salinity tolerance in this study. The mean value of all 17 traits decreased under saline stress condition, among the 17 traits, spike weight (SW), kernel weight per spike (KWS), number of fertile tillers (NFT), biological yield (BY) and grain yield (GY) decreased >25%. This suggested that these 5 traits were more sensitive to salinity stress. Ten genotypes with highly salinity tolerance were selected based on MFVS and could be applied for salinity tolerance improvement in wheat. Correlation analysis indicated that the wheat salinity tolerance was highly significantly and positively correlated with variations of 13 traits under both non-saline and saline stress conditions (P < 0.01). Factor analysis showed that salinity-tolerant coefficients of 5 traits of grain yield, biological yield, spike weight, kernel weight per spike and number of fertile tillers have the most interrelationships with the membership value of salinity tolerance (MFVS). Therefore, these five traits could be applied as an indicator to screen wheat germplasm for salinity tolerance in wheat breeding programs.
Optimum design of steel frame structures by a modified dolphin echolocation algorithm
Saeed Gholizadeh,Hamed Poorhoseini 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.55 No.3
Dolphin echolocation (DE) optimization algorithm is a recently developed meta-heuristic in which echolocation behavior of Dolphins is utilized for seeking a design space. The computational performance of meta-heuristic algorithms is highly dependent to its internal parameters. But the computational time of adjusting these parameters is usually extensive. The DE is an efficient optimization algorithm as it includes few internal parameters compared with other meta-heuristics. In the present paper a modified Dolphin echolocation (MDE) algorithm is proposed for optimization of steel frame structures. In the MDE the step locations are determined using one-dimensional chaotic maps and this improves the convergence behavior of the algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed MDE algorithm is illustrated in three benchmark steel frame optimization test examples. Results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed MDE algorithm in finding better solutions compared to standard DE and other existing algorithms.
Topology optimization of nonlinear single layer domes by a new metaheuristic
Saeed Gholizadeh,Hamed Barati 국제구조공학회 2014 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.16 No.6
The main aim of this study is to propose an efficient meta-heuristic algorithm for topology optimization of geometrically nonlinear single layer domes by serially integration of computational advantages of firefly algorithm (FA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). During the optimization process, the optimum number of rings, the optimum height of crown and tubular section of the member groups are determined considering geometric nonlinear behaviour of the domes. In the proposed algorithm, termed as FA-PSO, in the first stage an optimization process is accomplished using FA to explore the design space then, in the second stage, a local search is performed using PSO around the best solution found by FA. The optimum designs obtained by the proposed algorithm are compared with those reported in the literature and it is demonstrated that the FA-PSO converges to better solutions spending less computational cost emphasizing on the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
A review of the application of acoustic emission technique in engineering
S. Gholizadeh,Z. Leman,B.T.H.T. Baharudin 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.54 No.6
The use of acoustic emission (AE) technique for detecting and monitoring damages and the progress on damages in different structures is widely used and has earned a reputation as one of the most reliable and well-established technique in non-destructive testing (NDT). Acoustic Emission is a very efficient and effective technology used for fracture behavior and fatigue detection in metals, fiberglass, wood, composites, ceramics, concrete and plastics. It can also be used for detecting faults and pressure leaks in vessels, tanks, pipes, as well as for monitoring the progression of corrosion in welding. This paper reviews major research developments over the past few years in application of acoustic emission in numerous engineering fields, including manufacturing, civil, aerospace and material engineering.