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Air pollution, Real-time information, and Avoidance Behavior : Evidence from Korea
( Yoo Geunsik ) 한국환경경제학회·한국자원경제학회(구 한국환경경제학회) 2019 한국환경경제학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.경제학 공동
This paper provides new empirical evidence of the relationship between information on air pollution and avoidance behavior. Due to the hazard of the air pollution, many countries provide air quality information with the expectation that the people will adjust their behavior accordingly to protect their health. Indeed, some studies have shown that information provision about air pollution causes avoidance behavior. However, the previous studies used forecast data as the information whereas the effect of real-time information on avoidance behavior has not yet been studied. With the development of technology, the provision and access to real-time information has become easier. Thus, this paper examines whether real-time information on particulate matter (PM) affects people‘s behavior in Korea by using baseball game attendance data. Forecast data is also used to check the results of the previous research. The results suggest that forecast and real-time alerts reduce the number of attendances by 8.6 and 7 percent, respectively and robustness checks display similar results. Furthermore, the effects of real-time alerts are found to be different year-by-year and have increased significantly in 2014. This may be attributed to the increased interest and sensitivity of people due to the increase in PM-related articles from 2014 and the classification of PM as carcinogenic (Group 1) by IARC in late 2013.
Lee, Geunsik,Kim, Kwang S.,Cho, Kyeongjae American Chemical Society 2011 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.115 No.19
<P>It is known that a high-temperature reduced-graphene-oxide (HT-RGO) exhibits 3 orders of magnitude increase in the conductivity compared to original graphene oxide but still 3 orders of magnitude below the value of pristine graphene. Substantial amounts of defects that remain in the reduced sample are responsible for the inferior transport quality. On the basis of the defect model which involves C vacancies and the O substitution of edge C atoms, we study the electronic structure and conductivity of HT-RGO using nonequilibrium Green's function theory in tight binding and density functional theory schemes. It is shown that electrons are localized within 10–40 nm due to vacancy defects. We also discuss the transport behavior via such localized carriers in connection with recent experimental findings.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2011/jpccck.2011.115.issue-19/jp111841w/production/images/medium/jp-2010-11841w_0002.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp111841w'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>