Social ideas in the Wisdom literature of the Old Testament

Gaspar, Joseph Wenzel Catholic Univ. of America Press 1947 국내박사

Characterizing the effects of videophone conversations on younger and older driver performance

Gaspar, John G University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2014 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Driver distraction is a widespread and growing issue. Previous studies have shown that passenger conversations can be less distracting than cell phone conversations because of an increase in shared situational awareness when the conversation partner can see the driver and driving scene. Recently, Gaspar and colleagues (in press) found that providing remote conversation partners views of the driver and driving scene via a videophone could mitigate driver distraction relative to cell phone conversations. The goal of the present project was to extend these results by examining the efficacy of videophone conversations in reducing cell phone distraction during freeway and intersection driving for younger and older drivers. Pairs of younger and older adult drivers completed highway and intersection driving assessments in each of four conditions: driving alone without distraction, conversing with an in-car passenger, conversing with a remote cell phone partner and conversing with a remote partner via a videophone. Although all conversations disrupted driving performance relative to driving alone, the results suggest that passenger and videophone conditions reduced distraction relative to the cell phone. Conversational analyses suggest that the benefit for passenger and videophone conversations was due to an increase in partner situational awareness, even when the partner could only see a subset of the critical information in the driving scene. Importantly, younger and older adults showed similar benefits from videophones over cell phones. These results provide evidence for the efficacy of videophone conversations in reducing, but not eliminating, cell phone distraction across different driving tasks and for different groups of drivers.

A Buckypaper-Polymer Nanofilm Structure inspired by the Reinforcement of Soil by Plant Roots for Enhanced Stability and Selectivity of A Hydrogen Purification Membrane

BAZAN GASPAR, LUISA MILAGROS Pohang University of Science and Technology 2022 국내석사

The search for sustainable and clean energy sources is a subject of paramount importance to humanity these days. Hydrogen has become one of the driving forces of the green energy movement. With extending its demand and production options, a practical technological way is an augmentation of the hydrogen content in a hydrogen-rich gas mixture from various production sources, in an energy-efficient manner. In this sense, gas separation via selective permeation media, or membranes, has been drawing attention for its cost-effectiveness and energy efficiency. Currently, the proper management of the performance parameters, i.e., permeance, selectivity, and in-operando stability, of conventional polymer materials has room for improvement for applying the polymeric membranes to hydrogen purification. As a key resolution for optimizing those performance parameters towards high yield and purity of hydrogen, one could opt for increasing gas permeance while keeping hydrogen selectivity, for which an engineering solution could be to cut the membrane thickness that is inversely proportional to gas permeance. Here, we engineer a sub-300-nm-thick buckypaper-polyimide nanofilm to demonstrate augmented hydrogen permeation without much loss of selectivity, attributable to the insertion of carbon nanotubes as a fiber reinforcement medium. This fiber-reinforcement idea is partly inspired by the soil reinforcement by plant roots as nature bonds plant roots and earth soil around them to form a reinforced soil matrix. In a similar fashion, we designed to polymerize imides around an entangled web of carbon nanotubes to bring mechanical strength and stability to an otherwise vulnerable polymer thin film. Furthermore, the introduction of carbon nanotubes in the form of high-strength buckypaper turns out to improve the in-operando stability, i.e., mechanical strength and antiplasticization, of the nanofilm greatly. In order to realize the nanofilm design, we employ vapor-liquid interfacial polymerization on the buckypaper scaffold. Experimental results show that the buckypaper maintains its structural integrity upon polymerization, and the nanofilm has negligible structural defects due to the nanotubes’ excellent affinity with the polymer aromatic rings, leading to excellent chemomechanical properties of the composite nanofilm. From 24-hour-long operations, our buckypaper-polyimide nanofilm shows a superior hydrogen permeation to commercial polymeric membranes, attesting to its enhanced in-operando stability.

La condicion traductora. Sobre los nuevos protagonistas de la literatura latinoamericana

Gaspar, Martin Harvard University 2011 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

La condicion traductora examines the emergence of translators protagonists (characters and narrators) in contemporary Latin American fiction, taking this literary phenomenon as an occasion to rethink the transnational imaginary. Translation for Latin America has been commonly conceived either as a practice or metaphor of negotiation (incorporation, appropriation, adaptation, contestation.) As such, the translator has been a key figure standing for conflicting attitudes towards the foreign. In Latin American fiction since the mid-1990s, however, the translator becomes a central character in novels. This dissertation argues that translator characters and narrators dramatize translation by transforming it from a metaphor to a subjective disposition. This is a disposition to analogize and locate the limits of equivalences, precisely at a time when the notion of foreignness permeates all spheres of life and becomes paradoxically universal. An opening genealogy traces modalities of translation from the post-independence writers in the mid-nineteenth century to the boom novelists of the 1960s. It delineates key instances in Latin American cultural history where translation is associated with strategic ploys to enlist cosmopolitan authority (Sarmiento), native knowledge to improve upon European paradigms (Alencar), and cultural competence to contest and overcome established models (Borges, Haroldo de Campos.) Against this cultural history, the contemporary fictions analyzed then register a significant shift: there the translator protagonist exhibits and uncontrollable memory (in Alan Pauls' El pasado), a fluid identity at risk of dissolution (in Joao Gilberto Noll's Lorde, Berkeley em Bellagio and Chico Buarque's Budapeste), or a deformed, unruly body (in Mario Bellatin's Shiki Nagaoka: una nariz de ficcion). Exemplified in these novels is a formal innovation in the contemporary Latin American novel, which I call the "translation temperament." I define the translation temperament as a narrative device whereby a disposition to devise analogies and inhabit the limit of cultural equivalence is presented as a subjective compulsion rather than a historical predicament, and as such transforms received assessments of our contemporary era as an epoch in which experience has weakened or where reality has over-multiplied. Translation, reconceived as temperament, suggests ephemeral yet possible grounds on which to inhabit spheres of language, identity, corporeality, and memory.

Oscillatory integrals and extremal problems in harmonic analysis

Gaspar Teixeira Oliveira e Silva, Diogo University of California, Berkeley 2012 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Oscillatory integrals appear naturally in a variety of problems related to harmonic analysis, and have been a part of the subject since its creation. One is generally interested in quantifying how certain degeneracies of the phase affect the behavior of the integral. Numerous generalizations of the so-called stationary phase method have been the focus of past and current research, and the study of multilinear oscillatory forms with rough amplitudes falls into this category. In the first part of this thesis, in a joint work with Michael Christ, we examine a certain class of trilinear integral operators which incorporate oscillatory factors eiP, where P is a real-valued polynomial, and prove smallness of such integrals in the presence of rapid oscillations. Oscillatory integrals provide a link between geometric properties of manifolds and harmonic analysis related to them, as illustrated by a multitude of restriction theorems for the Fourier transform which have been the object of careful investigation since the late 1960's. In the second part of this thesis, we establish the existence of extremizers for a Fourier restriction inequality on planar convex arcs whose curvature satisfies a natural assumption. More generally, we prove that any extremizing sequence of nonnegative functions has a subsequence which converges to an extremizer. By studying the three-fold convolution of arclength measure on the curve with itself we additionally show that, if the geometric assumption on the curvature fails in a strong sense, then extremizing sequences concentrate at a point on the curve and extremizers do not exist.

Using Environmental Biotechnology Principles and Approaches to Target Problematic Compounds in Complex Systems

Gaspar, Jason ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Rice University 2016 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

When put in practice, environmental engineering frequently requires the characterization and remediation of problematic compounds such as priority pollutants or other molecules that impair performance in complex systems. Here, we tackle two such complex systems: shale gas reservoirs and the human body. In shale gas wells, the presence of microbes is usually unwanted and can often have deleterious effects, including reservoir souring, plugging, equipment corrosion, and reduction in gas production volumes. Hydrocarbon souring represents the most significant financial and safety challenge to the oil and gas industry. H2S may originate from geochemical or biogenic sources, although its source is rarely discerned. Biocides are dogmatically utilized during hydraulic fracturing to prevent or inhibit H2S generation. Here we characterize whether souring in the Bakken shale play is from microbial or geological origins. We develop a regional temperature map showing that downhole temperatures in Bakken reservoir wells equal or exceed the upper known temperature limit for microbial life. Attempts to extract microbial DNA from produced water yielded little to no detectable quantities. Stable isotope analysis yielded 34Sdelta values from 4.4--9.8‰, suggesting souring had a geochemical origin. In cases of geochemical souring, reevaluation of the need for biocide addition, based on first characterizing the H2S source as we describe here, would provide significant reductions in both operational costs and overall environmental footprint. Similar to a traditional environmental system, the human body also accumulates "garbage" (i.e., detrimental aggregates) over time. Lipofuscin (LF) is a brown-yellow, autofluorescent polymeric material that accumulates in a ceroid manner within postmitotic cells during aging. LF accumulation impairs proteosome and lysosome pathways critical to cell health and homeostasis. The ability to quickly generate LF in vitro, and identify drugs that mitigate the accumulation or clear LF would be of great benefit to aging research. Here, we developed a novel platform to quickly create LF-loaded (but otherwise healthy) cells and screen drugs for efficacy in LF bioremediation. The combination of leupeptin, iron (III) chloride and hydrogen peroxide generates significant amounts of LF within cells at a much faster rate and in a less labor-intensive manner than previous methods. We show that oxidative stress induced LF-loading is accompanied by cellular cholesterol increases, and that long-term administration of the small molecule 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPbetaCD) reduces LF accumulation (~-27%, p < 0.00001). LF-loading is associated with increases in LDLr and SREBP1 gene expression, which are mitigated by HPbetaCD addition. In the absence of oxidative stress, HPbetaCD addition induces a paradoxical response, increasing cholesterol accumulation (but not LF) via upregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis. These two distinct, but opposite effects highlight a previously overlooked therapeutic consideration: the cholesterol content of the treated cell determines which cholesterol pathways, either beneficial or harmful, are responsive to HPbetaCD. These results are particularly significant because they provide clarity to HPbetaCD's mode of action; which until now has remained in dispute amongst the scientific community.

Resistance and transformation in the 'other' Puerto Rican theater: Performances of Rosa Luisa Marquez, 1986--1998

Gaspar Concepcion, Jessica Aymee The University of Wisconsin - Madison 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This dissertation analyzes seven performances of one of the most influential figures of the 'Other' Puerto Rican theater, director Rosa Luisa Marquez. This is the first scholarly analysis to cover twelve consecutive years of her work (1986--1998). The dissertation addresses non-English speaking theater and emphasizes performance analysis, both important elements of theater traditionally excluded from postcolonial studies. Reading the performances within the historical, social, and political context of Puerto Rico and through the theoretical lens of postcolonial theater studies, this dissertation reveals the resistant and transformational nature of Marquez's work. After introducing the historical contextualization of the twentieth century Puerto Rican theater in Chapter One, the dissertation examines in Chapter Two Marquez's transculturated or, more specifically, puertoricanized performances---Waiting for Godot and Procession ---on the page and the stage and considers them canonical counter-discursive projects. Marquez presents an image of the actual Puerto Rican state---politically, socially, and economically---and critiques the people's lack of agency in combating the contemporary problems of Puerto Rico. Chapter Three traces the canonical counter-discursive strategies Marquez uses as the ABCs of the process of creation of her performances through an analysis of her performances of Denuncaacabar and Jardin de Pulpos. These strategies generate performances that counter-weigh traditional representations of gender, race, and politics. Also the puertoricanization of the process of creation becomes a countering of Puerto Rican broken memory by enacting a reconstruction of omitted and erased parts of Puerto Rican history. In the final chapter, the arguement is made that Marquez through her performances of Ligia Elena esta contenta, Otra Maldad de Pateco , and The Lion and the Jewel---presents the racial discrimination that exists within Puerto Rican daily life in order to develop a critical consciousness of its existence and to raise awareness of and criticism about race in the island. The performances also create a public debate space in which people can imagine and voice alternatives to hidden racism. Over twenty-five years, Marquez's theater has transmitted and reinvigorated the hope that societal transformation is possible and has proven that theater is one tool to help us to achieve it.

Between the plant sciences: Richard Bradley's study of horticulture, botany and landscape design

Gaspar, Yvonne University of Notre Dame 2013 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

This dissertation examines the early eighteenth-century English horticultural author Richard Bradley's prolific writing on plant physiology and the reform of gardening practices in the context of changes in botany and landscape design. The period during which Bradley worked immediately preceded the introduction and dramatic rise of Linnaean classification and has often been represented as a stagnant moment in the development of the natural sciences. However, closer observation also reveals important discoveries in plant physiology, and intense methodological debate. Landscape design was likewise poised for an equally dramatic transformation as the English Natural Style, with its emphasis on irregularity and the native contours of the land, came to replace formal geometric layouts borrowed from France. Bradley's publications were characterized by an eclectic approach, combining theoretical study and practical solutions with new examination of historical sources, and were presented in formats intended to appeal both to popular and scholarly audiences. Of particular interest are his efforts to develop technological solutions to aesthetic problems in design of the garden, such as his proposal for the construction of scale models of gardens that allowed designers to visualize the effects of different prospects by mapping the lines of sight at different views. Conclusions will argue for an understanding of the way in which horticulture might be seen to act as an intermediary for changes in eighteenth-century arts and sciences.

Prenatal Insecticide Exposure and Children's Cognitive Development

Gaspar, Fraser William University of California, Berkeley 2014 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

The aims of this dissertation were as follows: 1) build indoor transport and fate models to estimate insecticide exposure and risk to individuals living in homes sprayed for malaria control, 2) measure the serum levels of dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) and its breakdown product dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene (DDE) in a community where IRS occurs and test for intervenable characteristics to reduce exposure, and 3) evaluate the relationship between prenatal DDT and DDE exposure and children's cognitive development. Of the 12 insecticides recommended for IRS by the World Health Organization (WHO), only DDT and deltamethrin have been measured longitudinally after IRS to assess exposure to residents of sprayed homes. In Chapter 2, we developed two dynamic indoor fugacity models, representing two of the common building types of homes in rural Africa, to track insecticide transport and fate in indoor compartments. For three age groups (birth to 21 years old), we calculated insecticide uptake via inhalation, dust ingestion, and dermal absorption of dust and compared dose estimates with chronic and acute health-based benchmark doses set by the Food and Agriculture Organization and WHO. We accounted for model variability and uncertainty with Latin hypercube sampling. We found simulated indoor air concentrations, dust concentrations, and loading levels generally agreed with longitudinal measurements previously reported in homes sprayed with DDT and deltamethrin. While indoor air concentrations typically peaked on the day of IRS, dust concentrations often peaked days after IRS. At least one simulation of the average daily dose over the year after IRS for DDT, fenitrothion, pirimiphos-methyl, bendiocarb, and propoxur exceeded the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). The use of fenitrothion and DDT for IRS posed the greatest risk to residents of sprayed homes. For example, 67% and 33% of the simulated average dose estimates for fenitrothion and DDT exceeded the ADI in children less than one year old, respectively. None of the daily dose estimates exceeded the Acute Reference Doses. Results from this chapter indicate the feasibility and utility of using fugacity models to estimate exposure and risk to insecticides from IRS. In addition, model results indicate long-term home contamination from IRS and residents of IRS homes may be exposed to insecticides at levels that exceed chronic health-based benchmark doses. Given that dust concentrations often peaked days after IRS, residents should be informed that contact with the floor should be avoided during this period, especially for children with high hand-to-mouth behavior. The use of DDT as an IRS insecticide has contributed to uniquely high DDT and DDE body burden in residents of sprayed homes. In Chapter 3, we described the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies, and their Environment (VHEMBE) cohort and presented data on DDT and DDE serum concentrations measured in VHEMBE mothers. In addition, we applied targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) procedures to understand the change in marginal p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE body burden given seven hypothetical exposure interventions. A total of 751 mothers completed a baseline questionnaire and provided a serum sample. The majority of mothers enrolled in the VHEMBE cohort study were between 18 and 24 years of age (50.2%), completed at least grade 12 education (68.3%), lived below the South African poverty line of $40 per household member per month (58.3%), and were multiparous (56.8%). Animal studies have shown DDT and DDE to be neurodevelopmental toxicants, but epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent findings between prenatal DDT and DDE exposure and child neurodevelopment. In Chapter 4, we investigated the association between prenatal DDT and DDE exposure and child neurodevelopment in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) cohort study. We combined the original prospective CHAMACOS cohort with a retrospective cohort of mother/child pairs and estimated prenatal DDT and DDE exposure with measured or predicted maternal concentrations during pregnancy. Using generalized estimating equation and linear regression models, we evaluated the relationship of prenatal DDT and DDE exposure with Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and 4 subtests (Working Memory, Perceptual Reasoning, Verbal Comprehension, and Processing Speed) assessed in children 7 and 10.5-years after birth using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). (Abstract shortened by UMI.).

Disability Justice in Higher Education: The Lived Experiences of Disabled White Women Disability Services Directors

Gaspar, Emily K ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Coastal Carolina U 2023 해외박사(DDOD)

소속기관이 구독 중이 아닌 경우 오후 4시부터 익일 오전 9시까지 원문보기가 가능합니다.

Eight disabled white women disability services directors shared their experiences working in disability services in higher education. The ten principles of disability justice provided the framework for this interpretative phenomenological analysis. Individual interviews were used to gain an understanding of the lived experiences of the participants with specific focus on disability identity of the professionals working in disability services and how their identities inform their campus experiences, along with how their intersectional identities inform their disability identity. Participants were found to experience ableism and oppression, a broad spectrum of relationships, disability solidarity, disability disclosure, identity hierarchy, disability management and coping strategies, complicated expectations regarding normative productivity, along with nuanced intersectional identities. Implications for disability services directors, collaborators, and senior leaders at institutions of higher education are identified. Future directions for research are also provided. Practitioners and scholars would benefit from future research that centers Black, Indigenous and people of color (BIPOC) disabled women. Additionally, there is a call for research concerning disability status (lifelong, acquired) and type (visible, invisible), which appears to inform the nuance of disability identity.