Gastroprotective Role of Fruit Extracts in Gastric Damage Inducedby Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Systematic Review

Gabino Garrido,Mariana Garrido-Valdes,Leonor Dı´az-Velis,Marisela Valdes-Gonzalez,Barbara B. Garrido-Sua´rez 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.11

The aim of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature, with Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, of the articles found in the past 11 years on the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts in gastric ulcers induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Scientific articles published between 2010 and 2020 were included in this systematic review, including in vitro and in vivo models, to define the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts. Studies were selected by Rayyan using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. The keywords for the search strategy were: ‘‘gastric injury,’’ ‘‘gastric ulcer,’’ ‘‘fruit,’’ ‘‘indomethacin,’’ and‘‘aspirin.’’ Twenty-two articles with animal models of gastric ulcers were included. The NSAIDs used were aspirin and indomethacin. To know the damage caused by these, the ulceration index and biomarkers, such as aggressive/defensive factorsinvolved in the gastric ulceration process, were measured. Most studies have shown that fruit extracts have antiulcer activity, with the most abundant metabolites being flavonoids, followed by terpenes and alkaloids. Possible antiulcer activities such as antioxidant, cytoprotective, gastric acid antisecretory, anti-inflammatory, or angiogenesis stimulant were declared, manifested mainly as a reduction of lipid peroxidation products, an increase in antioxidant enzymes and prostaglandins, and by the formation of a protective film through protein precipitation in the ulcer area. This systematic review demonstrates the importance of fruit extracts as gastric protectors.

Low-order Model for Tokamak Plasma Current Control

Aitor J. Garrido,Izaskun Garrido,M. Goretti Sevillano,Modesto Amundarain,Mikel Alberdi,Oscar Barambones,Itziar Martija 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

Simple Linear Models for Plasma Control in Tokamak Reactors

Aitor J. Garrido,Izaskun Garrido,Oscar Barambones,Patxi Alkorta,F. Javier Maseda 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

The control of plasma in nuclear fusion has been revealed as a promising application of Control Engineering, with increasing interest in the control community during last years. In this paper it is outlined a control-oriented linear model for the control of plasma current. For this purpose, it is firstly provided a summary of the background necessary to deal with control problems in tokamak-based nuclear fusion reactors as it is the case of the future ITER tokamak. Besides, it is also given a review of the most used simulators and plasma models, with the aim of providing an adequate background for control engineers to derive their own control-oriented model or to choose the appropriate existing one. Finally, a simple linear model based on loop control voltage is derived.

Impact of fouling on the decline of aeration efficiency under different operational conditions at WRRFs

Garrido-Baserba, Manel,Asvapathanagul, Pitiporn,Park, Hee-Deung,Kim, Taek-Seung,Baquero-Rodriguez, G. Andres,Olson, Betty H.,Rosso, Diego Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.639 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Biofilm formation influences the most energy-demanding process in the waste water treatment cycle. Biofilm growth on the surface of wastewater aeration diffusers in water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) can increase the energy requirements up to 50% in less than 2 years. The impact of biofilms in aeration diffusers was quantified and assessed for first time using molecular tools (i.e., Energy-dispersive X-ray, Ra and RMS and Pyrosequencing) and state-of-the-art techniques (i.e., EPS quantification, Hydrophobicity and DNA quantification). To provide a better understanding and quantitative connections between biological activity and aeration energy efficiency, two replicates of the most common diffusers were installed and tested in two different operational conditions (higher and lower organic loading rate processes) during 15 months. Different scenarios and conditions provided for first time comprehensive understanding of the major factors contributing to diffuser fouling. The array of analysis suggested that higher loading conditions can promote specialized microbial populations to halve aeration efficiency parameters (i.e., αF) in comparison to lower loading conditions. Biofilms adapted to certain operational conditions can trigger changes in diffuser membrane properties (i.e., biological enhanced roughness and hydrophobicity) and enhance EPS growth rates. Improved understanding of the effects of scaling, biofouling, aging and microbial population shifts on the decrease in aeration efficiency is provided.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Quantitative connections between the extent of biofouling and reduced aeration diffuser efficiency </LI> <LI> The specific contributions to the decrease in aeration efficiency <αF> were quantified for first time. </LI> <LI> Performance decrease is highly influenced by operational conditions and concurrent microbial population shifts. </LI> <LI> Molecular tools were applied in order to understand the major factors contributing to diffuser fouling. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Impact of conditioning film on the initial adhesion of E. coli on polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane

Garrido, K.D.,Palacios, R.J.S.,Lee, C.,Kang, S. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2014 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.20 No.4

The impact of conditioning films on the initial adhesion of bacterial cells on polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane was investigated. Interestingly, the clean membrane possessed higher adhesion of both latex particles (CML) and Escherichia coli than the membrane conditioned with bovine serum albumin (BSA), alginate (SA), and natural organic matter (NOM). While CML and E. coli had similar zeta potentials, the motility of the E. coli increased initial adhesion on to membrane surfaces than CML. The addition of calcium ion increased the adhesion of CML and E. coli with the great impact on the SA-coated membrane as compared to BSA and NOM.

“TO BE OR NOT TO BE" IS NOT THE ONLY QUESTION IN ADVERTISING FLYERS: HOW AND WHERE BEING ALSO MATTERS

Álvaro Garrido Morgado,Óscar González Benito,Mercedes Martos Partal 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

This study focuses on analyzing the variables that moderate the effectiveness of the advertising flyers, one of the most used tools in retailing, to improve product sales. In previous literature, studies analyzed and confirmed the effectiveness of flyers to increase the traffic store, the general store sales or the synergistic effect of them to highlight and improve the effectiveness of promotions. Despite their confirmed effectiveness on these issues and their large use by retailers and manufacturers, it is missed studies that analyze the variables that may moderate their effectiveness on the sales of the products displayed on it. In fact, only Zhang et al. (2009) tried to analyze if the location in which the product is displayed have an influence on its effectiveness. According to them, they obtained inconclusive results due to their sample size. This study, considering the consumer’s cognitive process, analyzes how the presentation and the position of the product in flyers have an effect on their effectiveness to increase the displayed product’s sales. The results show that (i) the special signage on a displayed product in flyers increases their effectiveness to increase displayed product’s sales, and (ii) not only being highlighted increases the effect of the flyer, but that the product positioning affects decisively. For example, some locations -such as the cover, the top of the pages and areas on the left-, increase the visibility of the product and are more effective than other positions to increase displayed product’s sales. These results are in line with previous studies that indicate the importance of the directionality of reading to capture the customer’s attention in other environments. In sum, as happens inside the store or in the shelf, depending on if the product is displayed with a special signage or in an area where the customers pay more attention due to the standard cognitive process, the effectiveness of the flyers increase. Thus, retailers and manufacturers must consider how and where to be in the flyer, not just being.

Modular design and control of an upper limb exoskeleton

Javier Garrido,Wen Yu,Xiaoou Li 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.5

In this paper, we use modular design method to construct an upper limb exoskeleton. This new design method is more simple and easy for exoskeletons than the other techniques, and it is facility to be extended into more joints robots. We also propose a novel admittance control, which works in task space. The admittance control has PID form, and does not need the inverse kinematic and the dynamic model of the exoskeleton. The experimental results show that both the design and the controller work well for the upper limb exoskeleton.

The Grey Digital Divide and the Right to be Forgotten: An Inter-American Approach

Mariateresa Garrido Villareal 이화여자대학교 생명의료법연구소 2017 Asia Pacific Journal of Health Law & Ethics Vol.11 No.1

To exercise several human rights, old persons must know about the existence of records containing personal information, who keeps them, for which purpose, and in which format. However, this is not always the case. Hence, how can states guarantee the right to be forgotten in the health care system when people do not understand how digital archives work? To answer this question it is necessary to review what informed consent implies in the digital era. In this paper, I present the Inter-American approach to this issue. The Inter-American Convention on Protecting the Human Rights of Older Persons (IACPOP) entered into force in January 11, 2017, and among others, it promotes the rights to health and freedom of expression of the elderly. It establishes in articles 11 and 19 that states parties must obtain access to appropriated health-related information as a mechanism to ensure that older people provide informed consent in any type of medical procedure. However, because it does not contain an express reference to the right to be forgotten, in the article I also review the Inter-American Convention of Human Rights, and the principles developed by the inter-American system regarding the right to access information and the right be forgotten. After the explanation of the effects of the digital divide among the elderly in Latin America and the analysis of the scope of protection granted by the informed consent, I discuss how older people can initiate habeas data procedure to exercise their right.

Analysis of the Financial Structure of theCo-operative Societies and Their Accounting Treatment in Spain

Polo-Garrido, Fernando,Sánchez-Campos, María del Mar 한국협동조합학회 2018 韓國協同組合硏究 Vol.36 No.3

This paper deals with the financial structure of cooperative societies in Spain and their accountancy. Bearing this objective in mind, first we describe the legal framework of cooperatives in Spain which is characterized by a pluralist framework. Cooperatives are a regional government legal competence (Autonomous Communities) resulting in 16 Autonomic (Regional) Cooperatives’ Laws plus a State Cooperatives’ Law. In addition, Credit (Bank) Cooperatives have a sectoral Law. We study the changes motivated by the international accounting harmonization in the Spanish GAAP and the Spanish Accounting Standards for Cooperatives, also the subsequent changes in the Cooperatives’ Laws in order to introduce a new and optional regimen of members’ shares that can retain the accounting classification of members’ shares as equity. We critically review the criteria of IAS 32 and IFRIC 2 to classify members’ shares as equity or liability. Financial resources are described comprehensively; we focus in financial resources obtained from members and self-financing, we highlight the new sources of finances (shared titles and special participations), a new hybrid cooperative form, mixed cooperatives and the commented introduction of a new and optional regimen of members’ shares whose redemption can be refused by the cooperative. Conclusions are set out on financial structure and accounting standards. We point out the difficult balance between Cooperative Principles and financing needs. New forms of financing and hybrid cooperatives have the risk of denaturalization of the cooperative. From accounting standards is highlighted their impact in cooperatives (Polo, 2014), they have motivated changes in the regimen of members’ shares, changes that otherwise ha not been introduced. Finally, a very short reference is made about the current IASB’s Discussion Paper “Financial Instruments of characteristic of equity”.

스페인 협동조합의 재무구조와 회계처리 분석

( Polo-garrido ),( Fernando ),( Sanchez-campos ),( Maria Del Mar ) 한국협동조합학회 2018 韓國協同組合硏究 Vol.36 No.3

본 논문은 스페인 협동조합의 재무구조와 회계처리를 분석한다. 먼저, 다원적 구조가 특징인 스페인 협동조합의 법적 구조를 기술한다. 스페인에는 16개의 자치州 협동조합법과 1개의 연방협동조합법이 있다. 이외에도 금융(신용ㆍ공제)협동조합을 위한 특별법이 있다. 본 논문은 국제적 회계기준의 통일이 스페인의 GAAP와 협동조합회계기준에 미친 변화를 분석하고, 아울러 조합원출자금이 계속 자본으로 분류될 수 있도록 하는 새로운 출자금 제도의 도입을 위해 변경된 협동조합법 조항들을 살펴본다. 또한, 조합원 출자금을 자본 또는 부채로 분류하기 위한 IAS 32와 IFRIC 2 기준을 비판적으로 고찰한다. 본 논문은 조합원 출자에 의해 자체적으로 조달되는 재원에 초점을 두고, 새로운 자금조달원(공동명의와 특별 참가), 새로운 하이브리드 협동조합형태, 복합협동조합, 협동조합에 의해 상환청구가 거부될 수 있는 새로운 임의의 조합원출자금 형태의 도입 등을 집중분석한다. 재무구조와 회계기준에 대한 결론에서, 본 논문은 협동조합원칙과 자금조달니즈 간 균형을 맞추기가 어려우며, 새로운 형태의 자금조달 방식과 하이브리드 협동조합은 협동조합의 독특한 특성을 잃을 위험이 있다는 점을 지적한다. 협동조합에 대한 회계기준의 영향에 대해서는, 국제회계기준이 조합원출자금 형태의 변화를 가져 왔음을 강조하고, 마지막으로, 현재 IASB 토론서 “자본의 금융상품 특성”에 대해 간단히 언급한다. This paper deals with the financial structure of cooperative societies in Spain and their accountancy. Bearing this objective in mind, first we describe the legal framework of cooperatives in Spain which is characterized by a pluralist framework. Cooperatives are a regional government legal competence (Autonomous Communities) resulting in 16 Autonomic (Regional) Cooperatives’ Laws plus a State Cooperatives’ Law. In addition, Credit (Bank) Cooperatives have a sectoral Law. We study the changes motivated by the international accounting harmonization in the Spanish GAAP and the Spanish Accounting Standards for Cooperatives, also the subsequent changes in the Cooperatives’ Laws in order to introduce a new and optional regimen of members’ shares that can retain the accounting classification of members’ shares as equity. We critically review the criteria of IAS 32 and IFRIC 2 to classify members’ shares as equity or liability. Financial resources are described comprehensively; we focus in financial resources obtained from members and self-financing, we highlight the new sources of finances (shared titles and special participations), a new hybrid cooperative form, mixed cooperatives and the commented introduction of a new and optional regimen of members’ shares whose redemption can be refused by the cooperative. Conclusions are set out on financial structure and accounting standards. We point out the difficult balance between Cooperative Principles and financing needs. New forms of financing and hybrid cooperatives have the risk of denaturalization of the cooperative. From accounting standards is highlighted their impact in cooperatives (Polo, 2014), they have motivated changes in the regimen of members’ shares, changes that otherwise ha not been introduced. Finally, a very short reference is made about the current IASB’s Discussion Paper “Financial Instruments of characteristic of equity”.