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Xiaojun Feng,Enyuan Wang,Jérôme Ganne,Roland Martin,Mark Jessell 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.3
High-grade (amphibolite–granulite facies) tectono-metamorphic domains in the Sefwi terrane of Ghana are separated from adjacent lower-grade (greenschist facies) greenstone belts by two main shear zones. The high-grade rocks presumably exhumed along the sinistral shear zones during the D2 ENE-WSW transtension (~2073 Ma). To better understand the role boundary conditions and the spatial relationship of faults play in the exhumation of partially molten lower crust in the Sefwi terrane, ten 3D thermomechanical models have been constructed. The results show that the normal component of velocity boundary conditions mainly controls the exhumation (8–10 km) of the lower crust along pre-existing faults, while the exhumation in the relay zones between faults is controlled by the obliquity between the applied extensional velocity vector and the vertical wall on which it is applied. The strike of the exhumation belt made of partially molten lower crust rocks in the relay zone is sub-orthogonal to the horizontal maximum stretching axis. The isostatic compensation from low-density upper mantle to overlying crust (thinning) is higher under transtension than under extension. The lower crust exhumation influenced by inherited shear zones (ductile) can be used to better understand the loci of the high-grade rocks in the Sefwi terrane. We suggest that the Kukuom-Juaboso domain composed of amphibolite–migmatite facies rocks probably resulted from the concentration of partially molten rocks in the relay zone between the Ketesso and Kenyase shear zones during the D2 ENE-WSW transtension. The two shear zones probably underwent two main stages for growth and maturation from the D1 to D2 phases. The regional exhumation of the high-grade rocks in the Sefwi terrane probably occurred within < 5 Ma.
Xiaojun Feng,Enyuan Wang,Prince O. Amponsah,Jérôme Ganne,Roland Martin,Mark W. Jessell 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.6
3D thermo-mechanical models have been constructed to explore the influence of pre-existing faults on the temporalspatial distribution of high-grade amphibolite-granulite facies metamorphic rocks during extension. The different dip amounts of three pre-existing faults (refer to the Bole-Nangodi shear zones, the Jirapa shear zone and the Bulenga shear zone in the study area) are studied in models. The results show the lower crust exhumes occur at a relatively low rate prior to attaining a Stretching Factor = 4.2%. The partially molten lower crustal rocks tend to move (up to 20 km) towards the center of the model and focus exhumation in regions where pre-existing faults intersect. The high-strain corridors in models are used to understand the loci of exhumation in the Bole-Bulenga domain of NW Ghana. Accordingly, in the eastern and western parts of the high-grade rock corridors in NW Ghana, partially molten rocks exhumed from the lower into middle-upper crustal levels are interpreted to have been dominantly facilitated by the km-scale high-strain corridors. In the central part of the Bole-Bulenga domain, the high-grade rocks are interpreted to have been exhumed because of a coupling between two mechanisms: (1) The exhumation of partially molten rocks between the Jirapa and Bole-Nangodi faults increases in spatially due to the reduction in space from north to south. (2) The exhumation of lower partially molten rocks in the central part, as a result of inherited orthogonal (E-W) structures.
Gann, Eliot,Caironi, Mario,Noh, Yong-Young,Kim, Yun-Hi,McNeill, Christopher R. American Chemical Society 2018 Macromolecules Vol.51 No.8
<P>The depth dependence of crystalline structure within thin films is critical for many technological applications but has been impossible to measure directly using common techniques. In this work, by monitoring diffraction peak intensity and location and utilizing the highly angle-dependent waveguiding effects of X-rays near grazing incidence, we quantitatively measure the thickness, roughness, and orientation of stratified crystalline layers within thin films of a high-performance semiconducting polymer. In particular, this diffractive X-ray waveguiding reveals a self-organized 5 nm thick crystalline surface layer with crystalline orientation orthogonal to the underlying 65 nm thick layer. While demonstrated for an organic semiconductor film, this approach is applicable to any thin film material system with stratified crystalline structure where orientation can influence important interfacial processes such as charge injection and field-effect transport.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Charge‐Transport Anisotropy in a Uniaxially Aligned Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Copolymer
Schott, Sam,Gann, Eliot,Thomsen, Lars,Jung, Seok‐,Heon,Lee, Jin‐,Kyun,McNeill, Christopher R.,Sirringhaus, Henning John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015 Advanced Materials Vol.27 No.45
<P><B>Aligned films of a semiconducting DPP‐based copolymer</B> exhibit highly anisotropic charge transport with a band‐like temperature dependence along the alignment direction and hole mobilities of up to 6.7 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>. X‐ray diffraction measurements reveal an exceptional degree of in‐plane alignment, high crystallinity, and a dominant face‐on orientation of the polymer backbones. The surprising charge‐transport properties are interpreted in a tie‐chain model consistent with anisotropic activation energies. </P>
Design of New Isoindigo-Based Copolymer for Ambipolar Organic Field-Effect Transistors
Shin, Eun-Sol,Ha, Yeon Hee,Gann, Eliot,Lee, Yun-Ji,Kwon, Soon-Ki,McNeill, Christopher R.,Noh, Yong-Young,Kim, Yun-Hi American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.16
<P>We report the synthesis of a new conjugated polymer composed of isoindigo (IID) and 2,3-bis[thiophenyl-2-yl]thiophene acrylonitrile (CNTVT) subunits for high-performance n-type organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). To realize high electron mobility for the IID-based conjugated polymer, an electron-withdrawing nitrile group is incorporated into the vinylene unit, thereby shifting the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital for efficient electron injection from Au electrodes without disrupting the backbone planarity. Uniaxially aligned IID<SUB>24</SUB>-CNTVT-conjugated polymer films for efficient intramolecular charge transport are achieved by off-center spin-coating from preaggregated solutions. To obtain its stable preaggregation in solution, a binary solvent system (a mixture of good and bad solvents) chosen with the assistance of Hansen solubility parameter simulation is used. Through this process, highly aligned IID<SUB>24</SUB>-CNTVT films are obtained by off-center spin coating from a solvent mixture of 9:1 dichlorobenzene/2-methoxyethanol as the good and bad solvents, respectively. The properties of the aligned IID<SUB>24</SUB>-CNTVT films are characterized with various analytical techniques, including UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, angle-resolved near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering. Top-gate/bottom-contact OFETs with IID<SUB>24</SUB>-CNTVT films aligned in the direction of charge transport exhibit a high-electron field-effect mobility of 0.83 ± 0.13 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/V·s.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
IUPAC-PSK40: N-Channel Organic Field-Effect Transistors and Structure-Property Relationship
Min Jae Sung,Alessandro Luzio,Won-Tae Park,Ran Kim,Eliot Gann,Francesco Maddalena,Giuseppina Pace,Yong Xu,Dario Natali,Carlo de Falco,Long Dang,Christopher R. McNeill,Mario Caironi,Yong-Young Noh,Yun- 한국고분자학회 2016 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.41 No.2