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겨울철 마산만에서의 대기중 질산염과 황산염 농도 변화와 유입에 관한 연구
이강웅 한국외국어대학교 외국학종합연구센터 부설 기초과학연구소 1996 기초과학연구 Vol.5 No.-
마산만은 마산시, 창원시와 진해시로 둘러쌓여 있고 대도시 형태의 주거, 상업 및 공업단지가 서로 혼재되어 있는 지역이다. 이와같은 주거, 교통 및 산업활동에 따른 복합적인 대기오염물질의 유입이 있지만 이 지역에 대한 대기화학적 연구가 미비했다. 본 연구에서는 산성비의 주 원인이며 가시도 감소의 인자이기도 한 입자상 질산염과 황산염의 농도관측을 1996년 1월 중 10 일 동안 실시하였고 농도의 평균 및 표준편차는 NO₃-와 SO₄²- 가 각각 3.4±1.2 ug/㎥ 와 11.4±5.6ug/㎥ 로 관측되었다. 기체상의 물질인 HNO₃와 SO₂는 각각 0.7±0.2 ppb, 16.1±14.6 ppb를 보았다. HNO₃의 농도를 기준으로 마산만으로 질산염 영양염류가 대기중에서 유입되는 정도를 계산하면 1년 평균 최소 300 톤 정도임이 나타났다. 이 계산에서는 마산만 유역 전체 면적과 습식침착을 포함하지 않아서 실제값은 이보다 클 것이며 그 경우에 대기중에서 마산만으로 유입되는 영양염류의 양이 하천과 하수를 통해 유입되는 양과 비교할 때 결코 무시될 수 없는 정도임을 시사한다. The Masan Bay is the semi-closed coastal region surrounded by three urban areas, Masan City, Changwon City and Jinhae City. Air quality of this region has been degraded due to expanding urban areas and various large industrial complexes. Some of gaseous species and aerosol species, such as SO₂, HNO₃, NO₃, and SO₄²which are the major components of the acid rain and the visibility reduction had been monitored during Jan. 17 to 26, 1996 at the Dotsum in the middle of Masan Bay. The average (±standard deviation) concentrations of SO₂, HNO₃, NO₃, and SO₄²were, 16.1±14.6 ppb, 0.7±0.2 ppb, 3.4±1.2 ug/㎥, 1.4±5.6 ug/㎦ respectively. The preliminary calculation showed that atmospheric nitrate input might play a significant source of new nitrate into the Masan Bay.
Dimethylsulfide as a Malordorous Component of a Waste Reclamation Site
Kim, Ki-Hyun,Lee, Gangwoong Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 1999 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.15 No.E
To help idntify the potential sources of volatile organic sulfur compounds within the continental environment, we have conducted preliminary measurements of dimethylsulfide(DMS) during field campains held from three reference sites. These sampling sites were located within a waste reclamation facility in Won Ju City, Kang Won Province. The results of our measurements showed that DMS levels spanned over 1 to 55 pptv with a mean and 1 standard deviation(1SD) of 12 and 18 pptv(N=13). In a comparison of the data derived from the strongest sources, i.e., oceanic environment, the DMS levels in thre reclamation facility were jpronouncingly low with high day-to-night concentration ratios. It was noted that a significant difference in DMS levels between daytime and nighttime periods was mainly driven by a few exceptional data measured during daytime. Despite limitations of our measurement data in deriving meaningful interpretations of spatiotemporal distributions of DMS in inland facilities, the existence of extraordinary trends, i.e., especially "lower-than-expectedL" DMS values, can be explained in terms of mixed effects of several factors. Most importantly, we can infer that the rates of DMS production and of its destruction in the study site are at or near steady-state condition. Another possibility is that DMS is not adequate enough to explain the generally malordorous environment of reclamation sites, of particular in Won Ju area.n Ju area.
Development of a Pretreatment System for the Analysis of Atmospheric Reduced Sulfur Compounds
Son, Youn-Suk,Lee, Gangwoong,Kim, Jo-Chun,Han, Jin-Seok American Chemical Society 2013 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.85 No.21
<P>A new pretreatment system was used to evaluate a technology to analyze reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs). To conduct this research, a self-developed custom dryer (Desolvator) and a thermal desorber system (TDS) were installed in the front of GC/PFPD. The syringe pump inside the TDS was devised in such a way that it can be desorbed in a relatively low desorption temperature and low vacuum (730 Pa). When comparing water removal efficiency of the Desolvator and frequently used Nafion dryer, the removal efficiency of the Desolvator stood between 94.6 and 96.1%, considerably higher and more stable than the Nafion dryer (81.3–94.5%). Moreover, analyses were made under various conditions in order to minimize the loss of samples when analyzing sulfur compounds using the TDS, and it was determined that adsorption temperatures less than −25 °C and a flow rate of 50 mL/min were appropriate for the efficient analysis of these sulfur compounds. Moreover, the desorption flow rate and the degree of a vacuum were found to be significant variables for the RSCs desorption. Besides, it was observed that a peculiar peak was formed by thermal decomposition when some sulfur compounds were rapidly desorbed at high desorption temperatures.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancham/2013/ancham.2013.85.issue-21/ac401345e/production/images/medium/ac-2013-01345e_0007.gif'></P>
SCR 시스템 분사노즐 막힘에 의한 UREA 역류 방지 방안 개발
신재석(Jeaseok Shin),이강웅(Gangwoong Lee),조병룡(Byoungyong Cho),김유겸(Yukyeom Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2011 No.11
Diesel engine vehicles that have to reduce Nox of exhaust gas for strictness emission regulation are using a SCR system. In the case that the vehicle equipped the SCR system of BOCSH company, the name of main process returning all UREA back to the tank when engine turn off is AFTERRUN. It will be a problem if UREA is flew backward from the tank by blocked dosing nozzle when AFTERRUN process is finished. This study defines the main factor of nozzle blocking phenomenon and makes sure that solutions have an effect to prevent nozzle blocking and UREA back flow by testing on commereial vehicles. Throughout the testing on a bus and truck, this study has a conviction that solutions can be used on vehicles which have variable SCR layouts.