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( Ganga Sagar Bhattarai ),( Shankar Shahi ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic-Pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase are reasonably sensitive indicators of liver damage or injury from different types of diseases or conditions. The study aimed to determine the level of SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase; and SGOT/SGPT ratio among suspected liver patients attending salyan District hospital of Nepal. Methods: Blood samples were collected from suspected liver patients visiting Salyan hospital. The samples were collected from April, 2019 to October 2019. Enzyme kinetics method was used to process the serum samples. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were computed at 5% level of significance Results: Of total 116 suspected liver patients, 64.7% patients had high SGOT, 53.4% had high SGPT and 7.8% had high alkaline phosphatase. The prevalence of SGOT and SGPT and was higher among males (65.8% Vs 62.2%), (54.4% Vs 51.4%) respectively. Regarding alkaline phosphatase, there was no any higher level among female. Alcoholic behavior was statistically associated with high SGOT in the study (P<0.05); it was highest among alcoholic group. However, there was no statistical association of high SGOT with sex and ethnicity. Similarly, Alcholic behavior and ethnicity was statistically associated with high SGPT in the study (P<0.05). Likewise, Sex and ethnicity was statistically associated with high SGPT in the study (P<0.05); however, there was no statistical significance with alcoholic behavior. Conclusions: The study shows high prevalence of SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase; among suspected liver patients attending Pyuthan hospital of Nepal.
SWAT Sub-daily Runoff simulation for Jawoon-ri Watershed
( Ganga Ram Maharjan ),박윤식 ( Youn Shik Park ),김종건 ( Jonggun Kim ),장원석 ( Wonseok Jang ),신동석 ( Dong Seok Shin ),최재완 ( Jae Woon Choi ),임경재 ( Kyounh Jae Lim ) 한국농공학회 2009 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2009 No.-
Physiological process within the watershed due to various climate, hydrology and current agricultural practices has been simulated in the form of different software. Soil and Water Assessment tool (SWAT) assumes real representation for the physiological process that occurs in watershed. SWAT has been used for numerous hydrologic and water quality studies on daily time-steps including monthly and yearly with promising results. However SWAT simulation on real time basis (with sub daily time step, sub-hourly time steps) is not widely used despite availability in SWAT on this time steps. SWAT sub-daily runoff simulation with sub-daily rainfall data set is assumed to be real response of the watershed in generating the runoff and sediment at the instant time than SWAT simulation with daily, monthly and yearly time setup. The study is performed for SWAT sub-daily runoff simulation in a very small area of 0.008 km<sup>2</sup> of the Jaun-ri with latitude 27.28 and longitude -92.7 in South Korea. Some modifications have been made in files to support the rainfall data set in the format of sub-daily time step. Moreover the study utilize the option for runoff estimated with Green and Ampt and hourly stream routing which has successfully figure out the surface runoff with hourly variation. The study is limited to the simulation of rainfall event than for whole year. Study reveals simulated values follow the trend of measured value with some overestimation (R<sup>2</sup>=0.755). Rainfall for each event is directly proportional to the simulated runoff value. It has been concluded that the SWAT with sub-daily runoff simulation should be tested for the result of whole simulated year than rainfall event basis with the reasonable accuracy.
Urumutta Hewage Ganga S.,Klucarova Sona,Boman Laura 한국마케팅과학회 2021 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.12 No.4
From the lens of conspicuous consumption, this research examines the interactive effect of brand logo size and political ideology on consumers’ intentions toward fashion products. Specifically, in a series of four studies, we address how consumer political ideology influences intentions toward items displaying smaller, inconspicuous logos versus larger, conspicuous logos for unfamiliar and familiar brands. We show that liberal consumers are more likely to prefer a large (rather than small) logo when a brand is unfamiliar. We suggest that liberals’ greater desire for product uniqueness elevates their risk propensity, which in turn increases preference for conspicuous consumption when familiarity with a brand is low. We show that this effect occurs only for unfamiliar brands; when brand familiarity is high (i.e. a popular or well-known brand), consumer political ideology reverses consumer preference for conspicuous consumption, replicating prior work. Our results suggest that, by manipulating their logo size, new brands may effectively target consumers based on their political ideology.
Sunil Pandey,Ganga Raju Gedda,Mukeshchand Thakur,Mukesh Lavkush Bhaisare,Abou Talib,M. Shahnawaz Khan,Shou-Mei Wu,Hui-Fen Wu 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.56 No.-
The drug delivery application of carbon-based quantum dots is a new platform in the medicalfield. Wereport a unique morphological structure called carbon-dots clathrates (C-dotsCL) conjugated with folicacid (FA) for targeted delivery of methotrexate (MTX), an anti-cancer drug under physiological conditionsfollowed by photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic (PDT) treatment on cancer cells. Under physiologicalmilieu, the C-dotsCL–MTX–FA complex are pH-dependent and it can control release the anti-cancer drugin vitro. Furthermore, in vivo studies were also performed by using genetically-induced pancreatic cancermodel to comprehend the in vivo pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution pattern of C-dotsCL–MTX–FAcomplex. The results demonstrated that the CQD was able to deliver high concentration of MTX in tumourtissues in contrast to the non-tumour tissues. The impact of near-infrared (NIR) laser (1064 nm; Nd-YAG)on the CQDs system was found to be extremely effective for the rapid release of MTX in tumour tissues. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by C-dotsCL upon irradiation of NIR laser was evaluatedusingflow cytometry. After conjugation with the C-dotsCL, the half-life of the MTX drug (t1/2), eliminationconstant (Kel), area under the curve (AUC) was drastically improved to prove the efficacy of C-dotCL as apowerful drug vehicle. This study has significantly improved the cancer theranostics research usingC-dotsCL to act as a multi-functional nanomaterial for imaging and as a drug delivery agent.