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Ganeshan Sivanandhan,Sol hee Bae,Chae min Sung,Su Ryun Choi,Geung-Joo Lee,Yong Pyo Lim 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10
Chinese cabbage is an important dietary source of numerous phytochemicals, including glucosinolates and anthocyanins. The selection and development of elite Chinese cabbage cultivars with favorable traits is hindered by a long breeding cycle, a complex genome structure, and a lack of an efficient plant transformation protocol. Thus, a protoplast transfection-based transient transformation method may be useful for cell-based breeding and functional studies involving Chinese cabbage plants. Unfortunately, there is no standardized method for Chinese cabbage. Hence, in this study, we established an effective method for isolating Chinese cabbage protoplasts, which were then transfected with the pCAMBIA1303 binary vector according to an optimized PEG-based method. More specifically, protoplasts were optimally isolated following a 4-h incubation in a solution comprising 1.5% (v/v) cellulase, 0.25% (v/v) Macerozyme, 0.25% (v/v) pectinase, 0.5 M mannitol, 15 mM CaCl₂, 25 mM KCl, 0.1% BSA, and 20 mM MES buffer, pH 5.7. This method generated 7.1 × 10<SUP>6</SUP> protoplasts, 78% of which were viable. The gfp reporter gene in pCAMBIA1303 was used to determine the transfection efficiency. The Chinese cabbage protoplast transfection rate was highest (68%) when protoplasts were transfected with 40 μg binary vector for 30 min in a solution containing 40% PEG. The presence of gusA and hptII in the protoplasts was confirmed by PCR. The methods developed in this study will be useful for DNA-free genome editing as well as functional and molecular investigations of Chinese cabbage.
Factors affecting Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell
Ganeshan Sivanandhan,Chinnathambi Arunachalam,Venkatachalam Vasudevan,Gnanajothi Kapildev,Ali Alharbi Sulaiman,Natesan Selvaraj,Andy Ganapathi,임용표 한국식물생명공학회 2016 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.10 No.2
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system was established for Hybanthus enneaspermus using leaf explants with the strain LBA4404 harbouring pCAMBIA 2301 carrying the nptII and gusA genes. Sensitivity of leaf explants to kanamycin was standardized (100 mg/l) for screening the transgenic plants. Transformation parameters (OD, virulence inducer, infection time, co-cultivation period, bactericidal antibiotics, etc.) influencing the gene transfer and integration were assessed in the present investigation. Fourteen-day precultured explants were subjected with Agrobacterium strain LBA4404. Optimized parameters such as culture density of 0.5 OD600, infection time of 6 min, AS concentration of 150 lM with 3 days co-cultivation revealed maximum transformation efficiency based on GUS expression assay. The presence of gusA in transgenics was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and Southern blotting analysis. The present transformation experiment yielded 20 shoots/explant with higher transformation efficiency (28 %). The protocol could be used to introduce genes for trait improvement as well as for altering metabolic pathway for secondary metabolites production.
Assessing Liberalization and Deep Integration in FTAs: A Study of Asia-Latin American FTAs
Ganeshan Wignaraja,Dorothea Ramizo,Luca Burmeister 대외경제정책연구원 2013 East Asian Economic Review Vol.17 No.4
Inter-regional free trade agreements (FTAs) - notably between Asia and Latin America - are growing in numbers and complexity. There is an absence of an agreed methodology for empirical assessments on the content of FTAs and little research. This paper proposes a framework to assess liberalization in FTAs in goods and services and new trade policy issues relating to regulatory barriers. Next, it applies this framework to studying the 22 Asia-Latin America FTAs in existence. The findings suggest that Asia-Latin American FTAs have laid the foundations for inter-regional integration by liberalizing the trade in goods and services and reducing some regulatory barriers. Deepening FTAs and adopting structural reforms will enhance Asia-Latin American integration in the future.
P. Ganeshan,M. S. Ravi Theja,P. Ramshankar,K. Raja 한국고분자학회 2023 폴리머 Vol.47 No.4
Natural rubber/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (NR/EPDM) rubber blends of composition 75/25 with 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 phr (parts per hundred rubber) halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were prepared by two-roll mill. The effect of HNTs on the cure characteristics and mechanical properties of the NR/EPDM nanocomposites were studied. The effect of HNTs loading on the morphological, physical, swelling resistance and compression set of nanocomposites based on NR/EPDM was also investigated. Tensile strength tests revealed that the HNTs-reinforced NR/EPDM composite could resist 84% greater strength to break than the NR/EPDM blend without reinforcement. The introduction of HNTs into the NR/EPDM rubber matrix induced a rough morphology in the fracture surface, and a well-dispersed structure was obtained with the inclusion of up to 8 phr of HNTs, according to the morphological analyses.
P. Ganeshan,Yaramala Sravani,K. Raja,Bipin Kumar Singh 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2023 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.24 No.5
This investigation focused to develop 5 wt.% cerium oxide (CeO2) reinforced inside Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA)ceramics for evaluation of functional properties which is still unexplored. At first, the homogeneous composites of CeO2/ZTAand ZTA are developed through powder metallurgy process sintered at 1600 oC. The morphological characterization ofdeveloped composites are carried out through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and x-ray diffraction(XRD) followed by mechanical characterization on Vickers hardness tester. The morphological study reveals that theincorporation of CeO2 grains increases the average grain sizes of composites, adversely affect on the bulk density. The retentionof high amount of metastable tetragonal phases due to presence of CeO2 grains evaluated through XRD phase analysis showsbeneficial effect on hardness and fracture toughness. Furthermore, the significant improvement of 15.07% in fracturetoughness is attributed to the transformation toughening, crack bridging and deflection phenomenon. Formation of glazy andsmooth surface is responsible for improvement in coefficient of friction (COF) by 24.45% compared to parent matrix. Highabrasion, micro cracks, grain pullout are predominant factors responsible for wear on the ZTA surface, whereas, grain pulloutand micro cracks formation are responsible for wear in CeO2/ZTA.
Suresh, Joghee,Pradheesh, Ganeshan,Alexramani, Vincent,Sundrarajan, Mahalingam,Hong, Sun Ig Elsevier 2018 Advanced powder technology Vol.29 No.7
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Green synthesis is an ecofriendly novel technology and attractive research area for the production of metal oxide nanoparticles in bio-medical and chemical applications. The green perspective includes solvents, reductants or stabilizing agents obtained from a natural resource as they are non-toxic and ecofriendly. In this study, a sustainable green synthetic strategy to synthesize magnesium oxide nanoparticles by employing <I>Costus pictus</I> D. Don plant leaf extract as a reducing agent. The successful formation of magnesium oxide nanoparticles was confirmed by comprehensive characterization techniques. The presence of biomolecules and metal oxides were confirmed by Fourier transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectral data analysis. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the formation of pure cubic MgO crystalline nanoparticles. The surface morphology of MgO particles observed by Scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed the hexagonal-shaped MgO crystallites. The average size of biosynthesized MgO nanoparticles was measured to be around 50 nm by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The mechanism for the formation of MgO nanoparticles was suggested in this study. The biosynthesized magnesium oxide particles showed good antimicrobial and exhibited maximum inhibition rate for MgO nanoparticles at 200 µg showing efficient anticancer activity.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Green chemical approach was used to synthesize hexagonal shaped MgO nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Aglycone steroid biomolecules play an important role in formation of nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Hexagonal MgO nanoparticles was confirmed by FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM analysis. </LI> <LI> Biosynthesized MgO exhibited significant antimicrobial and anticancer activities. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Schematic diagram of MgO nanoparticles using <I>costus pictus</I> leaf extract.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Pamela Sung,이정민,주이진,이상협,김태형,Balaji Ganeshan 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.4
Objective: To evaluate whether computed tomography (CT) reconstruction algorithms affect the CT texture features of the liver parenchyma. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study comprised 58 patients (normal liver, n = 34; chronic liver disease [CLD], n = 24) who underwent liver CT scans using a single CT scanner. All CT images were reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP), hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR) (iDOSE4), and model-based IR (IMR). On arterial phase (AP) and portal venous phase (PVP) CT imaging, quantitative texture analysis of the liver parenchyma using a single-slice region of interest was performed at the level of the hepatic hilum using a filtration-histogram statistic-based method with different filter values. Texture features were compared among the three reconstruction methods and between normal livers and those from CLD patients. Additionally, we evaluated the inter- and intra-observer reliability of the CT texture analysis by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: IR techniques affect various CT texture features of the liver parenchyma. In particular, model-based IR frequently showed significant differences compared to FBP or hybrid IR on both AP and PVP CT imaging. Significant variation in entropy was observed between the three reconstruction algorithms on PVP imaging (p < 0.05). Comparison between normal livers and those from CLD patients revealed that AP images depend more strongly on the reconstruction method used than PVP images. For both inter- and intra-observer reliability, ICCs were acceptable (> 0.75) for CT imaging without filtration. Conclusion: CT texture features of the liver parenchyma evaluated using the filtration-histogram method were significantly affected by the CT reconstruction algorithm used.
Concrete with sisal fibered geopolymer: a behavioral study
Muthupandy Varuthaiya,Chandrasekaran Palanisamy,Vivek Sivakumar,Ganeshan Pushpanathan 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2022 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.23 No.6
Globally, the greenhouse gas effect is a serious environmental concern. The cement sector is responsible for 5-8% of globalgreenhouse gas emissions. Geopolymer concrete is a low-carbon, low-sulfur alternative to traditional Portland cement concrete. Geopolymer concrete is created when alumino-silicate minerals react with alkaline liquids. The sisal fiber can be utilized toimprove the inherent qualities of Geopolymer concrete. The main purpose of this research is to look at the behavior of sisalfibered geopolymer concrete in several trials and show how it differs from regular Portland cement concrete. The fiber hasoptimal fiber content, according to the test results.