농업기술보급에 대한 지도 공무원의 평가

강창용,조가옥 한국농업정책학회, 한국축산경영학회 2001 농업경영정책연구 Vol.28 No.2

The objectives of this study were (1) to analysis the results of Agricultural Extension Workers' evaluation for the extension of RDA organization, and (2) to draw some implications for development direction of agricultural extension system. The results were, based on the analysis for-mentioned, (1) It is very difficult for RDA organization to take over all agricultural technology delivery, so the specialization of RDA organization in the local level should be adopted. Under the multiple system of agricultural extension, RDA organization has only responsibility to deliver technology and items of strong public goods character. (2) The separation of extension from administration is need to realize the aims of extension with more efficiency. For the separation, RDA organization in the local level(state and county) should be reorganized and merged on the state level. Also, Technology Center in the county level extension organization should be transformed to the special extension organization by item. (3) For strengthening the relationship between research and extension, the Local Special Item Experimental Station belonged to sate level RDA organization(Kisoolwon) should be entered into the special extension organization by item in the county level.

골절의 치유과정에서 전혈중의 Ca - Mg, Zn - Cu의 농도 변화에 관한 연구

박가식,이동배,이태용,조영채 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.1

In order to investigate the hypothetic defense mechanism of essential metals which take part in the healing process of bone fracture, the author measured the changes of whole blood concentration of Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu from 88 fractured patients as experimental group, and 49 healthy, male medical students as control group, using Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer. The obtained results were as follows. 1. The mean concentrations of Ca at the time of fracture, at 1 month after fracture and at 3 months after fracture were 52.55± 17.37 g/ml, 60.45± 14.37 g/ml and 65.33± 16.73 g/ml, respectively and increased significantly through the healing process of bone fracture(p<0.05). The Ca concentration of fracture group at 3 months was higher than that of control. 2. The mean concentrations of Mg at the time of fracture, at 1 month and at 3 months were 26.50± 6.76 g/ml, 28.46± 6.11 g/me, 29.51± 4.32 g/ml, respectively and increased significantly through the healing process(p<0.05). The concentrations of Mg in fracture group were lower than that of control(p<0.05). 3. The mean concentrations of Zn at the time of fracture, at 1 month and at 3 months were 6.73± 1.68 g/ml, 6.48± 1.25 g/ml, 6.91± 1.58 g/ml, respectively and the changing tendencies were not statistically significant through the healing process (p>0.05). The concentrations of Zn in fracture group were lower than that of control. 4. The mean concentrations of Cu at the time of fracture, at 1 month and at 3 months were 1.04± 0.38 g/ml, 1.11± 0.46 g/ml, 1.13± 0.42 g/ml, respectively and increased through the healing process, but the changes were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The concentrations of Cu in fracture group were higher than that of control(p<0.05). 5. There were positive correlations between Ca and Mg, Zn and Cu concentrations (p<0.01) in both fracture and control groups, but no constant correlations were found in the other metals. 6. The ratio of Mg/Ca was tend to decrease through the healing process of bone fracture, but the ratio of Zn/Cu was showed no constant change in fracture group and that was higher in control(p<0.05) 7. As above results, the changes of 4 essential metal( Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu) concentrations in whole blood have meaningful role in the healing process of bone fracture.

水稻作의 生産力格差에 관한 硏究 : 全北 西部平野地帶를 중심으로

趙佳鈺,申永澈 韓國農業政策學會 1994 농업경영정책연구 Vol.21 No.2

海雲台 海濱變形에 관한 硏究

閔丙亨,姜龍太,朴雲龍,金嘉也 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1984 硏究報告 Vol.8 No.1

This study has been carried out to determine the values of bed-sand scale and time scale which are difficult at hydraulic model tests on the HAE UN DAE beach after performing a marine investigation required to establish a protection method about the deformation of HAE UN DAE beach by using hydraulic model test. The amount of topography deformation of HAE UN DAE beach has also been obtained by the two dimensional movable bed hydraulic model test in a quantitative way.

설악산 국립공원의 어류분포

장민호,조가익,하진용,정광석,박성배,주기재 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.4

설악산 국립공원지역 산간계류의 17개 지점에서 2000년 6월부터 2001년 6월까지 어류상 및 이화학적 요인을 계절별로 총 4회에 걸쳐 분석하였다. 모든 조사지점은 1~3차의 하천으로 비교적 물리·화학적 교란이 적었으며 하천폭은 5~30 m 정도였다. 채집된 어류는 총 18과 42종 2,557개체였고, Cyprinidae는 16종으로 84.7%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, Gobiidae 4종, 5.0?의 상대풍부도를 보였다. Cyprinidae는 전체 채입종의 37.2%를 나타냈다. 우점종은 Zacco temminck로 10개 지점에서 738개체가 채집되어 28.9%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, 아우점종은 Rhynchocypris kumkangensis와 Z. platypus로 각각 4개 지점 648개체(25.3%)와 7개 지점 344개체(13.5%)로 나타났다. 한국고유종(Korean endemic species)은 모두 4과 11종 781개체로 30.5%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, 고유화 빈도는 25.6%로 한국의 평균 고유화 빈도와 유사하게 나타났다. 본 조사에서 외래어는 채집되지 않았다. 국립공원 내에 서식하는 어류의 다양성 유지와 회복을 위해서는 공원 내는 물론 경계지역 하천의 체계적인 관리가 요구된다. The fish fauna of mountain streams in the Seorak National Park area was investigated from June 2000 to June 2001 (4 times). All 17 sites were relatively undisturbed 1st to 3rd order streams. A total of 2,557 individuals were collected and classified into 17 families and 43 species. Cyprinidae accounted for 37.2% (16 species) of the total fish species and 84.7% (2,165 ind.) of the total abundance. Subdominant families were Gobiidae (4 species, 5.0%) and Balitoridae (3 species, 3.4%). Zacco temmincki (RA 28.9%, 10 sites) dominated. Subdominant species were Rhynchocypris kumkangensis (25.3%, 4 sites) and Zacco platypus (13.5%, 7 sites). Eleven of the species are endemic to Korea (4 families, 30.5%). Exotic species were not collected in this survey. Fish diversity was higher in streams around the boundary area than in the national park. Therefore, management of streams in the boundary area to protect the fish biodiversity can be efficiently conducted. Habitat degradation should be reduced for the conservation and restoration of fish diversity.

海雲台 海水浴場 浸蝕에 미치는 海岸制防의 影響에 대하여 (Ⅱ)

閔丙亨,金熙鐘,朴雲龍,金嘉也 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1985 硏究報告 Vol.9 No.1

This study has been carried out to investigate into the beach deformation caused by the construction of a sea well. It has been performed to determine the values of three dimensional movable bed hydraulic model test on the basis of the values of the marine investigation of HAE UN DAE beach and two dimensional movable bed hydraulic model test. Form the results of this work a protection method of HAE UN DAE beach erosion can be proposed to be the construction of T type jetty.

관절염을 가진 대상자의 가족지지, 자가 간호 및 삶의 질과의 관계

선은경,박소연,박일지,서가은,손용숙,손인옥,용진선 가톨릭대학교 간호대학 호스피스 교육연구소 2006 호스피스논집 Vol.10 No.-

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships among family support, self-care, and quality of life of patients with arthritis through a survey. That will be basic data to plan nursing intervention for promoting quality of life for patients with arthritis. Method : The convenient sample of this study consisted of 120 patients with arthritis and data were collected using questionnaires during August 2006 from two OPDs of rheumatoid centers in C University hospitals. The study instruments were used to measure Self Care (So, 1992), Family Support (Kang, 1984), and Quality of Life (Ro, 1988). The data were analyzed using ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson correlation. Result : The mean scores were 3.56 for family support, 4.16 for self-care, and 3.19 for quality of life. The level of self-care was significantly higher in those men, having an occupation, higher income, and living with family members. The level of family support was significantly higher in those men, having an occupation, living with family members, and having a helper. The level of quality of life was significantly higher for those men, having a higher income, and shorter length of illness. Three relationships were found to be positively correlated: 1) between the levels of family support and self-care (r=.53), 2) between the levels of self-care and quality of life (r=.55), and 3) between the levels of family support and quality of life (r=.54). Conclusion: Therefore, a nursing intervention program needs to be developed to promote family support, and self-care for quality of life for patients with arthritis.

Long-term Outcomes and Factors Affecting the Survival of Patients with Mucosal Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

( Ga Hee Kim ),( Hee Kyong Na ),( Ji Yong Ahn ),( Jeong Hoon Lee ),( Kee Wook Jung ),( Do Hoon Kim ),( Hyeong Ryul Kim ),( Kee Don Choi ),( Ho June Song ),( Yong-hee Kim ),( Gin Hyug Lee ),( Hwoon-yon 대한소화기학회 2021 Gut and Liver Vol.15 No.5

Background/Aims: Data regarding the prognosis of early esophageal cancer are lacking. This study investigated the long-term outcomes and factors affecting the survival of patients with mucosal esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (T1aESCC). Methods: We analyzed the clinical and tumor-specific parameters of 263 patients who received surgical resection (SR; n=63) or endoscopic resection (ER; n=200) for T1aESCC. Underlying comorbidities were scored using the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome, and multivariate regression analysis was performed to predict factors for OS. Results: Of the study patients (age, 64.5±8.0 years), the CCI was 1.0±1.4 in the ER group and 0.6±0.9 in the SR group (p=0.107). The 5-year OS rate during follow-up (54.4±20.4 months) was 85.7% (ER group, 86.8%; SR group, 82.4%; p=0.631). The cumulative 5-year incidence of esophageal cancer recurrence was 10.5% in the ER group (vs 0% in the SR group). The overall mortality rate was 12.9% (ER group, 12.0%; SR group, 15.9%; p=0.399). The most common cause of mortality was second primary cancers in the ER group (75%) and organ dysfunction or postoperative complications in the SR group (70%). According to multivariate analysis, only CCI was significantly associated with OS (p< 0.001). The 5-year OS rate in patients with a CCI >2 and in those with a CCI ≤2 was 60.2% and 88.2%, respectively (p<0.001). The treatment method (ER vs SR) was not a significant affecting factor (p=0.238). Conclusions: The long-term prognosis of patients with T1aESCC was significantly associated with underlying comorbidities. (Gut Liver 2021;15:705-712)

An Increasing Trend of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Korea and the Clinical Implication of the Biomarkers to Determine Disease Activity and Treatment Response in Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Ga Hee Kim,Young Soo Park,정기욱,Mimi Kim,나희경,Ji Yong Ahn,Jeong Hoon Lee,Do Hoon Kim,Kee Don Choi,Ho June Song,Gin Hyug Lee,Evan S Dellon,Hwoon-Yong Jung 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.4

Background/Aims The epidemiology and pathogenesis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) remain unclear in Asian countries. We investigated clinicopathological characteristics and diagnostic trends of EoE, and evaluated 3 tissue biomarkers for correlation with disease activity and treatment response in Korean patients with EoE. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 25 271 esophageal biopsies performed during upper endoscopies between 2006 and 2017. We diagnosed EoE based on ≥ 15 eosinophils/high-power field (HPF) and, symptoms of esophageal dysfunction. We performed immunohistochemical analysis for tryptase, eosinophilic derived neurotoxin (EDN), and eotaxin-3. Results We diagnosed EoE in 72 patients (53 men and 19 women; mean age, 46.2 years) with presenting symptoms of, dysphagia (15.3%), epigastric pain (31.9%), and heartburn (30.6%). The diagnostic rate of EoE considerably increased between 2006 and 2017, from 0.29 diagnoses to 7.99 diagnoses per 1000 esophageal biopsies (P < 0.001). The mean peak eosinophil count (PEC) was 56.0 (± 77.8)/HPF. Whereas the EDN (rho = 0.667, P < 0.001) and eotaxin-3 levels (rho = 0.465, P < 0.001) correlated with PEC, tryptase and PEC were weakly correlated (rho = 0.291, P = 0.013). EDN (rho = 0.279, P = 0.017), and tryptase (rho = 0.279, P = 0.033) correlated with the inflammatory score of Eosinophilic Esophagitis Endoscopic Reference Score. Immunohistochemical analysis and changes in tryptase, EDN, and eotaxin-3 levels were associated with histologic and endoscopic improvements. Conclusions EoE incidence considerably increased during the 12-year period, regardless of endoscopic esophageal biopsy rate. Tryptase, EDN, and eotaxin-3 levels in esophageal biopsy specimens could be promising biomarkers for disease activity, symptom, and endoscopic response in Korea.

Clinical and Endoscopic Features of Metastatic Tumors in the Stomach

( Ga Hee Kim ),( Ji Yong Ahn ),( Hwoon Yong Jung ),( Young Soo Park ),( Min Ju Kim ),( Kee Don Choi ),( Jeong Hoon Lee ),( Kwi Sook Choi ),( Do Hoon Kim ),( Hyun Lim ),( Ho June Song ),( Gin Hyug Lee 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.5

Background/Aims: Metastasis to the stomach is rare. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the clinical outcomes of cancers that metastasized to the stomach. Methods: We reviewed the clinicopathological aspects of patients with gastric metastases from solid organ tumors. Thirty-seven cases were identified, and we evaluated the histology, initial presentation, imaging findings, lesion locations, treatment courses, and overall patient survival. Results: Endoscopic findings indicated that solitary lesions presented more frequently than multiple lesions and submucosal tumor-like tumors were the most common appearance. Malignant melanoma was the tumor that most frequently metastasized to the stomach. Twelve patients received treatments after the diagnosis of gastric metastasis. The median survival period from the diagnosis of gastric metastasis was 3.0 months (interquartile range, 1.0 to 11.0 months). Patients with solitary lesions and patients who received any treatments survived longer after the diagnosis of metastatic cancer than patients with multiple lesions and patients who did not any receive any treatments. Conclusions: Proper treatment with careful consideration of the primary tumor characteristics can increase the survival period in patients with tumors that metastasize to the stomach, especially in cases with solitary metastatic lesions in endoscopic findings. (Gut Liver 2015;9:615-622)