Electrical Performance Depending on the Grain Boundary-location in the Multiple Nanosheet Tunneling Field-effect Transistor based on the Poly-Si

Ga Eon Kang,Sang Ho Lee,Jin Park,So Ra Min,Geon Uk Kim,Jun Hyeok Heo,Jaewon Jang,Jin-Hyuk Bae,Sin-Hyung Lee,In Man Kang 대한전자공학회 2023 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.23 No.1

In this study, we present the electrical characteristics of the multiple nanosheet tunneling field-effect transistors (MNSTFETs) based on the polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) depending on the grain boundary (GB)-locations. The effects of the GB are analyzed for 5 locations and they are compared with the device without the GB. When the GB was located in the tunneling region, the electrical performances were the most inferior compared with the device without the GB. In addition, it shows the electrical characteristics of 125 samples of the MNSTFETs compared with the multiple nanosheet metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MNSMOSFETs). The standard deviations (SDs) of the threshold voltage (VT) of MNSTFET and MNSMOSFET are 3.90 mV and 8.31 mV, respectively. If the GB is not located at 24 nm, the SDs of the average of subthreshold swing (SSave) are 1.50 mV/dec and 4.16 mV/dec, respectively. This simulation shows that the MNSTFET has smaller effect depending on the GB location than the MNSMOSFET.

The Affected Factors on the Health Status of Middle-aged Male Workers

Ga Eon Lee,Yeon Hyang Lee,Hye Jung Jun 한국간호과학회 2019 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.10

Characteristics and Stability on Different Granule Type of Rice Starches and Their Blends in Relation to Pasting Properties and Swelling Power

Ga-eon Lee,Shin-Joung Rho,Yong-ro Kim 한국산업식품공학회 2020 학술대회 및 심포지엄 Vol.2020 No.08

Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of Flour and Starch from Rice Varieties with Different Amylose Content

Ga-eon Lee,Shin-Joung Rho,Yong-ro Kim 한국산업식품공학회 2019 학술대회 및 심포지엄 Vol.2019 No.10

Reduced RKIP Expression is Associated With Breast Neoplastic Progression and is Correlated With Poor Outcomes and Aberrant Methylation in Breast Carcinoma :

Kim, Ga-Eon,Kim, Nah Ihm,Lee, Ji Shin,Park, Min Ho,Yoon, Jung Han LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS AND WILKINS 2017 APPLIED IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR MORPHOL Vol.25 No.7

<P>Raf kinase inhibitor protein's (RKIP) downregulation can predict poor outcome in patients with various types of malignancy. In this study, we aimed to assess the potential involvement of RKIP in breast carcinogenesis and to evaluate its association with outcome variables and aberrant promoter methylation in breast carcinoma (BC). Tissue microarray sections were immunostained for RKIP in 26 normal breasts, 25 usual ductal hyperplasia, 76 ductal carcinoma in situ, and 198 BC specimens. The methylation status of RKIP was also determined in BC. In addition, the mRNA and protein level of RKIP was analyzed in 8 pairs of BC tissues and surrounding normal tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. RKIP mRNA and protein expression was significantly downregulated in BC tissues compared with the surrounding normal tissues (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Reduced RKIP expression seemed to increase progressively from normal breast to BC (P<0.001). Reduced RKIP expression was significantly associated with metastatic relapse (P<0.001) and was identified as an independent adverse prognostic indicator for disease-free survival (P=0.003). Reduced RKIP expression in BC was significantly correlated with its aberrant promoter methylation (P<0.05). In conclusion, downregulation of RKIP plays an important role in the breast neoplastic progression and correlates with poor prognosis in patients with BC. Aberrant RKIP methylation is one of the mechanisms that lead to downregulation of RKIP in BC.</P>

일 지역 보건 간호사의 직무만족 및 제도 개선안

이가언 ( Ga Eon Lee ),송영선 ( Young Sun Song ) 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 2005 Health & Nursing Vol.17 No.1

일 대도시 보건소 이용자의 보건의료서비스 만족도

이가언 ( Ga Eon Lee ) 한국보건행정학회 2003 보건행정학회지 Vol.13 No.4

The purpose of this study was to assess the user`s satisfaction of health care service in public health centers in Busan. The study respondents were 212, those who visited health centers for health care service. Data were collected in July 2002 by using SERVQUAL(comprehensive service quality measurement scale) and 3 open questions for more details about service satisfaction and the needs for health care service. SERVQUAL has 5 dimensions; tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. The results were as follows: 1. The users reported more satisfaction at ``just service cost``, ``convenient service procedure`` and ``clean physical environment`` at SERVQUAL. Among them the highest rated item was ``service cost``. And the less satisfaction items were ``understanding and individual concerns about service users``, ``medical equipment`` and ``health center facilities``. 2. There were no statistical differences by general characteristics except for the kind of services rendered. Those who visited for physical examinations and laboratory tests reported lower satisfaction than any other groups. 3. At the open questions, the respondents expressed that they were satisfied with the low service cost, kindness of employee and clean environment. But they criticized the old facilities and worn medical equipment, in addition to the less than kind attitudes. These strengths and weaknesses of health center`s service could be applied for planning of customer-centered health care service.

시설노인 입소경험

이가언(Ga Eon Lee) 한국지역사회간호학회 2002 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Analysis of Spiritual Care Experiences of Acute-Care Hospital Nurses

Lee, Ga Eon,Kim, KyoungMi Korean Society for Hospice and Palliative Care 2020 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the experiences of acute care hospital nurses' on spiritual care with focus group interviews. Methods: Data were collected from 24 nurses recruited from one acute-care hospital in a southern province of Korea. Six focus groups were assembled considering age and religion. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Five categories with 14 sub-categories emerged: 1) ambiguous concept: confusing terms, an additional job; 2) assessment of spiritual care needs: looking for spiritual care needs, not recognizing spiritual care needs; 3) spiritual care practices: active spiritual care, passive spiritual care ; 4) outcomes of spiritual care: comfort of the recipient, comfort of the provider; and 5) barriers to spiritual care: fear of criticism from others, lack of education, lack of time, space constraints, and absence of a recording system. Conclusion: Participants perceived spiritual care as an uncertain concept. Some participants recognized it as a form of nursing care, and others did not. They practiced spiritual care in acute-care settings according to their personal perceptions of spiritual care. Therefore, in order to perform spiritual nursing in acute-care hospitals, it is a priority for nurses to recognize the concept of spiritual nursing accurately. It is also necessary to prepare a hospital environment suitable for the provision of spiritual care.

유료시설노인의 입소동기 및 생활만족도

이가언(Ga-Eon Lee),배두이(Due-I Bae) 한국노년학회 2004 한국노년학 Vol.24 No.2

본 연구는 최근 우리나라에서 증가추세에 있는 유료양로시설노인의 입소동기와 생활만족도를 파악하고자 시도되었다. 대상자는 부산과 경남지역의 3개 유료양로 시설거주자 85명이며, 자료는 2002년 7월에 질문지를 통하여 수집되었다. 입소동기는 자녀의 지지 부족 29.4%, 가족의 상실 24.7%와 독거의 외로움이 20.0%로서, 부양자와 관련된 요인을 약 54%정도라고 볼 수 있었다. 그 외 신앙생활을 위하여나 건강문제 발생 등, 노인들의 필요에 의한 자의적 입소 동기가 25.9%로 나타났다. 한편 대상자의 생활만족도는 중 정도였으며, 관련 변수로는 성별, 종교, 자녀와의 관계, 주관적 건강상태, 시설거주 만족도와 입소동기가 해당되었다. 즉 남자인 경우, 자녀와의 관계가 만족스러운 경우, 주관적 건강상태가 좋은 경우, 시설거주에 대하여 만족스러운 경우와 자의적 선택 군에서 생활만족도가 높았다. 이러한 결과는 우리나라 유료양로시설 거주자들의 이해와 간호제공에 기초 자료가 될 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 지금까지 유료양로시설 노인들에 대한 연구가 매우 제한적이었기에 앞으로 이에 대한 반복연구가 이루어져야 할 것으로 본다. The purpose of this study was to identify the predisposing factors and life satisfaction of the residents in charged elderly facilities. The respondents were 85, those over 65 years old and reside in 3 charged retirement home located in Busan and Kyungnam district. Data was collected during July 2002 by using questionnaires. It was composed of general characteristics, one open question for predisposing factors and life satisfaction scale. The results were as follows : 1) The predisposing factors of admission were insufficiency of family support 29.4%, loss of family members 24.7%, loneliness of living alone 20.0% and his(her) own intention 25.9%. Therefore, the related of family caregiver factor was the most and was the common fact with the free and cheap facility residents' in Korea. 2) The degree of life satisfaction was medium and the related factors were sex, religion, the relation of sons and daughters, subjective health status, the level of facility life satisfaction and the predisposing factor of admission. The life satisfaction score of males, christians, the group of good relations with children, the group of good state of health, those satisfied with facility life and the group of intentional choice was higher than that of other group's. The unsatisfactory relations with children was deeply related with the predisposing factors and it could have affected adjustment process and life satisfaction of the elderly residents. Thus facility nursing staffs understand the predisposing factors thoroughly by in-depth interviews with newcomers and try to improve of elderly's anger and tenacity to their children. Also the facility quality can be the main factor of the resident's satisfaction, the staff have to know the resident's real meaning of it. Based on this, they try to increase satisfaction level of facility life.