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Gü,l, Bahar Yavuztü,rk,Imer, Derya Yü,ksel,Park, Pyung-Kyu,Koyuncu, Ismail IWA Publishing 2018 Water Science & Technology Vol.78 No.2
<P>This study aimed to address the gap in understanding how the microbial community present within quorum quenching-membrane bioreactor (QQ-MBRs) changes during the operations by investigating the behavior of two different types of QQ bacteria, <I>Bacillus</I> sp. T5 and <I>Delftia</I> sp. T6. The anti-biofouling effects of T5 and T6 in the QQ-MBR were 85% and 76%, respectively. According to the Illumina HiSeq results, when the QQ-MBR was operated with Gram-positive bacteria, T5, in the mixed liquor a reduction was observed in Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria population increased. In contrast, when the QQ-MBR was operated with Gram-negative bacteria, T6, Gram-negative bacteria population reduced and an increase in Gram-positive bacteria observed. As such, the outputs of the Illumina analysis revealed that use of Gram-negative QQ bacteria in the reactor induced a Gram-positive microbial community and vice versa. This indicates that a close interaction occurs between indigenous Gram-negative and positive bacterial phyla, and <I>Bacillus</I> sp. T5/<I>Delftia</I> sp. T6 is fundamental to the performance of MBRs. This is the first study demonstrating such a relationship and assistance selecting QQ bacteria/strategy in an effective way.</P>
Shell models and the possibility of application to fusion plasmas
Gü,rcan, Ö,D,Hennequin, P,Vermare, L,Garbet, X,Diamond, P H Published jointly by The Institute of Physics and 2010 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.52 No.4
<P>An extensive study of spectral shell models with possibilities for application to fusion plasmas is discussed. A set of shell models addressing various aspects of the characteristics of fusion plasmas have been derived. Difficulties associated with plasma medium, namely its intrinsic excitability, and importance of mescals have been discussed. The numerical implementation of shell models is discussed. It was observed that depending on the parameter regime, they may lead to steady state or display characteristics of predator–prey dynamics.</P>
A CRITIQUE OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Gü,l Berna Ö,zcan 국제개발협력학회 2016 국제개발협력연구 Vol.8 No.3
With empirical evidence gathered from four different donor programmes launched in the Kyrgyz Republic, this study offers a critical analysis of western aid interventions. The findings point out that local effects of extensive aid exposure have weakened reforms and captured agency interests. Aggressive market liberalisation and decentralisation policies ignored long-term state and industrial capacity building. 키르기스공화국에서 실시되는 4개의 원조 프로그램에 대한 경험적 근거를 토대로, 다음 연구는 서구 원조 개입에 대해 비판적으로 분석한다. 연구 결과, 광범위한 원조 노출의 지역적 효과는 개혁을 약화시키고 원조기관의 이익을 위하는 것으로 나타났다. 공격적인 시장자유화와 지방분권정책이 국가 및 산업의 장기적인 역량 구축을 무시하는 것이다.
BETWEEN KHAO SAN AND LONELY PLANET
Gü,ter Spreitzhofer 세계문화관광학회 2007 Conference Proceedings Vol.8 No.0
Post-modem backpacking has come to be appreciated by Southeast Asian governments as a development tool after the dramatic decrease of package tourist arrivals due to terrorism, diseases and natural disasters since the late 1990s. Special focus has been put on backpacking performance, perception and transformation within the region, where the massing of youthful travellers has been obvious for more than three decades, when the first underground guidebook for independent travellers was published in the 1970s. Special attention has been put on the increasing commercialization (Lonely Planet, guidebook series) and the booming urban infrastructure (Khao San Road, Bangkok) of this "anti-tourist" (?) travel style, which seems to lead a new comfort-, shopping- and fun-oriented backpacker clientele rather than the ideologically-minded anti-consumerism backpackers of the 1980s on well-troden paths across the subcontinent.
Yavuztü,rk Gü,l, Bahar,Imer, Derya Yü,ksel,Park, Pyung-Kyu,Koyuncu, Ismail IWA Publishing 2018 Water Science & Technology Vol.77 No.4
<P>The effects of a newly isolated quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria (<I>Bacillus</I> sp. T5) on the microbial community has been evaluated via the Illumina sequencing method. Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) operated with this novel QQ bacterium to evaluate the improvement in the performance of MBR. Anti-biofouling effect of T5 was enhanced as 71% compared to the control reactor. Also, QQ bacteria did not have any negative effect on the removal of organics during the process. Gram-negative bacteria were found to be dominant over Gram-positive bacteria. <I>Proteobacteria</I>, <I>Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes,</I> and <I>Chloroflexi</I> were dominant phyla in the control and QQ reactors. The proportion of <I>Alphaproteobacteria</I> was most significant among <I>Proteobacteria</I>. The relative abundances of <I>Actinobacteri</I>a, <I>Acidobacteria</I>, and <I>Firmicutes</I> were significantly affected by Quorum quenching mechanism. On the other hand, QQ activity of <I>Bacillus</I> sp. T5 significantly influenced the relative abundance of <I>Proteobacteria</I>, <I>Bacteroidetes</I>, and <I>Chloroflexi</I>. The QQ process appeared to generate variations in the structure of the microbial community. According to the results of the molecular analyses, the syntrophic interaction of <I>Bacillus</I> sp. T5 and indigenous Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial community is critical to the performance of MBRs.</P>
Examining The Spatial Distribution of Festivals in Turkey
Deniz YÜ,NCÜ,Semra GÜ,NAY AKTAŞ 세계문화관광학회 2015 International Journal of Culture and tourism Resea Vol.8 No.1
Festivals have become a strong demand generating factor in recent years. They not only contribute to tourism, travel, leisure and hospitality industries but also act as an important tool to attain social, economical, environmental objectives of communities. This study investigates the spatial dependence of festivals (cultural, agricultural, ethnic etc.) in 81 provinces and 955 subprovinces of Turkey for the 2013- 2014 time period by using spatial statistics and mapping analysis. Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) was used to determine whether there is a spatial pattern of festivals in Turkey or not. Spatial correlation analysis which covers global and local spatial autocorrelation is conducted to determine meaningful patterns. Results shows that there is a moderate positive spatial autocorrelation, which suggests a clustered spatial pattern in the distribution of the number of festivals across Turkey. In addition, in terms of festival themes, there is no spatial autocorrelation in Turkey. In other words, festivals are randomly assigned to clusters.