NANOTOXICITY OF MULTIWALL CARBON NANOTUBES TO A549 CELLS IN VITRO

FU-DE WANG,Ying Tang,Yong Ji Yang,CHAN JIN,HUA ZHANG,HAO LIANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.2

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been widely applied in many ¯elds due to theexcellent physical and chemical properties. As the production and applications of nanotubesexpand, public concern about their potential risks to human health has also raised. Cytotoxicityof MWCNTs was evaluated in this study using a cultured human epithelial cell line A549. Uptakeof MWCNTs by cultured A549 cells was observed by TEM imaging. Dose-dependent decrease ofcell viability showed the cytotoxicity of MWCNTs. Signi¯cant reactive oxygen species (ROS)generation and GSH depletion which reduced the cellular antioxidant level could be the majorfactor of cytotoxicity induced by MWCNTs. MWCNTs seemed to trigger the activation of cellautophagy with the intracellular ATG16L1 level increase as a defense mechanism.

SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF DISASTER PREVENTION DESIGN CRITERIA FOR COASTAL AND ESTUARY CITIES

De Fu Liu,Sheng Dong,Shu Qing Wang,Chao Wang 한국해안해양공학회 1999 학술강연회 발표논문초록집 Vol.2 No.1

In China, estuary and coastal cities are mostly regional economic development center. The disasters by combined effect of upper reaches flood, storm surge and Typhoon waves are the primary obstacle to economic development of cities. So how to make economic and risk system analysis for flood-storm surge-wave disaster, economic loss and flood-storm surge control measures plays a very important role in the sustainable development of coastal cities. There are three types of coastal cities for consideration. First type city like Tianjin, the most significant damage is from upper reaches flood of a river. The effect of storm surge is negligible, because in the estuaries of river Haihe catchment basin are built tidal barrages. This paper presents a Grey Markov Model (GMM) to forecast flood peak level. GMM combines Grey system and Markov theory to present a high-precision model. Results of forecasted flood peak levels are closed to the measured data. Establish a synthetical model for economic assessment, risk analysis and flood-control benefit. As new contribution, a stochastic simulation technique is used to compute risk probability. In the same time, take into account the effect of correlation between variables on risk probability. Second type city like Shanghai, where sometimes the combined effect of flood peak of river, storm surge from sea is most severe disaster for city damage. 1000 yrs. return period water level of Huangpu river is used as traditional design criteria. Simulated combined water level of flood peak, storm surge and maximum astronomical tide level from sea side with 400 yrs. return period is close to 1000 yrs. design water level by traditional method. For third type city, like Qingdao, where combined effect of maximum astronomical tide, storm surge and waves brought most significant damage to Qingdao. Using stochastic simulation technique, different combinations of storm surge, waves with 1%,2% joint probability level are simulated for disaster prevention.

EFFECTS OF CARBON NANOTUBES ON RAT LIVER AND BRAIN

FU-DE WANG,CHAN JIN,LING-LING CAO,HAO LIANG,CHUN-WANG MA 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.7

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely applied in various ¯elds due to excellent physicaland chemical properties. As production and applications of nanotubes expand, public concernabout their potential risks to human health has also risen. In the present study, the e®ects ofCNTs on rat liver and brain by single intratracheal instillation were detected. CNTs [eithersingle-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)] couldbe seen in the lung and liver indicating the transfer of CNTs by blood stream. CNTs could induceoxidative stress in liver with elevated Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and degressive GSH level,superoxide dismutase (SOD) and CAT activity. To brain, maybe due to the blood brain barrierand the increased SOD and CAT activity, serious oxidative stress of brain did not occur.

번역 : 세기의 교차기에 선 중국 산문의 풍경

부덕민(De Min Fu),김회준(역)(Hye Joon Kim) 중국어문연구회 1997 中國語文論叢 Vol.13 No.-

A New Idea for Measuring Very Short Time Jitter

Cai De Fu 대한전자공학회 1987 JTC-CSCC : Joint Technical Conference on Circuits Vol.- No.-

우리나라의 언어학, 문자학의 ABC문제

반덕부 ( De Fu Pan ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2011 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.26 No.-

언어와 문자는 언제 생겼는가? 어느 누구도 이 질문에 정확하게 말할 수 없다는 것을 우리는 알고 있다. 우리나라 언어학자들은 "語先文後(말이 먼저 있는 후 글이 다음에 있었다)" 론을 꾸며내었지만, 실상은 자신들 조차도 서로 모순되는 것이었다. 이것은 어떤 이유에서인가? 언어학은 과학적 학문이다. 과학은 이야기 하는 것에 근거가 있어야지 허투루 단정을 할 수 없다. 만약 그 근거가 없다면, 단지 가설이라고 부를 뿐이다. 가설 또한 아무렇게나 말할 수 없다. 논리의 증명에 순서가 있어야지 논리적 잘못이 있어서는 안 된다. 무릇 논리에 맞지 않으면, 또한 역사 발전의 추론 중에서도 그 혼란이 있을 수 있다. 우리나라 언어학자는 왕왕 비평가를 반박할 권리를 가지고서, 그들이 언어학의 ABC를 이해하지 못한다고 말하고, 그들의 비평을 억압한다. 언어학의 ABC란 무엇인가? 내가 생각하기에 그것은 역사, 규율과 기본개념이다. 본고는 "語先文后"의 쟁론 가운데 깨달은 언어학중의 ABC, 즉 기호와 부호 두가지의 개념을 이용하여 발전한 역사적 발전 속에서 언어와 문자 발전의 이치를 탐구하였다. 이 기호와 부호라는 두 가지 개념의 분석 중 이 두개의 개념이 뒤섞이게 된 원인을 찾아내고, 동시에 언어학에서 찾아낸 부호 체계, 기호 체계, 문언, 문장 등의 기본 개념에 대해 진지한 구분을 하고자 노력하였다. Which came first? Spoken language or the written words? It is difficult to be dogmatic about this issue, even though many linguists in China claim that spoken language must necessarily precede written language. This seems rather speculative for it is hard to cite objective evidence to support the hypothesis either way. This paper discusses pragmatic principles about the development of the Chinese language and words with specific reference to the historical development of the concepts of "signal" and "symbol". It also draws distinctions between such basic concepts as symbol systems, signal systems, written language and articles.

Preparation, characterization and in vitro intestinal absorption of a dry emulsion formulation containing atorvastatin calcium.

Yin, Yong-Mei,Cui, Fu-De,Kim, Jung Sun,Choi, Min-Koo,Choi, Byung Chul,Chung, Suk-Jae,Shim, Chang-Koo,Kim, Dae-Duk Academic Press ; Taylor Francis 2009 DRUG DELIVERY Vol.16 No.1

<P>A redispersible dry emulsion (DE) formulation of atorvastatin calcium (AC) was developed to enhance the in vitro dissolution of AC, thereby increasing its gastrointestinal absorption. The spray-drying technology was used where Plurol Oleique CC 497 was chosen as the oil phase. Effects of carriers, surfactants, and homogenizers on the characteristics of DE containing AC were systematically investigated. The final formulation consisted of dextrin and Poloxamer 188 as carrier and surfactant, respectively, and was homogenized by a high pressure homogenizer before spray drying. The in vitro release of AC from the optimized DE was significantly higher than that of pure AC powder (76% vs. 30% at 24 hr). The in vitro intestinal absorption of AC from the DE formulation was 0.77 microg/cm(2) at 2 hr, which was a 2.33-fold increase compared to the pure unformulated AC powder. These results suggest that the oral dry emulsion formulation could improve the intestinal absorption of AC.</P>

AN ADAPTIVE APPROACH OF CONIC TRUST-REGION METHOD FOR UNCONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS

FU, JINHUA,SUN, WENYU,SAMPAIO, RAIMUNDO J. B. DE 한국전산응용수학회 2005 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.19 No.1

In this paper, an adaptive trust region method based on the conic model for unconstrained optimization problems is proposed and analyzed. We establish the global and super linear convergence results of the method. Numerical tests are reported that confirm the efficiency of the new method.

Pose Measuring and Aligning of a Micro Glass Tube and a Hole on the Micro Sphere

Fu-Dong Li,De Xu,Zheng-Tao Zhang,Ya-Li Shi,Fei Shen 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

To ensure high uniformity of the inner space of the hollow sphere after assembly, the glass tube must be inserted into the hole on thesphere towards the center of the sphere. This paper deals with the pose measuring of the hole on the sphere and the glass tube andpose aligning of the two objects. The sphere is 500 mm in diameter with a 20 mm hole on it, and the glass tube is 17 mm in diameter. Novel pose measuring method for the hole on the sphere and the glass tube is developed, using two microscopic cameras, each oneacquires a projection vector of the object to be measured. A plane containing the optical axis of the microscopic camera and the posevector of the object is determined, with the microscopic camera calibrated in advance. Pose vector of the object to be measured canbe calculated by the intersection of the two planes acquired by the two microscopic cameras. Error analysis of the pose measuringmethod is conducted and experimental results were consistent with analytical results. Less than 0.7o pose aligning error is achievedusing the proposed pose measuring method and pose aligning method.

Synthesis, Characterization, Luminescence and Biological Activity of Two Lanthanide Complexes Involving Mixed Ligands

De-Yun Ma,Hai-Fu Guo,Liang Qin,Jun Xu 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.9

Two new isostructural dinuclear complexes, Ln2(4-cpa)6(bpy)2 (Ln = Eu (1); Tb (2), 4-cpa = 4-chlorophenylacetate, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The lanthanide ions are bridged by two bidentate and two terdentate carboxylate groups to give centrosymmetric dimers with Ln···Ln separations of 3.967(2) and 3.956(3) Å, respectively. Each metal atom is nine-coordinate and exhibits a distorted tricapped trigonal prismatic geometry. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra show that both 1 and 2 emit bright red and green luminescence at room temperature, with long lifetimes of up to 0.369 ms (at 614 nm) and 0.432 ms (at 543 nm), respectively. Moreover, poor luminescence efficiency has been noted for complex 2. The 4-Hcpa ligand and complexes 1-2 have been screened for their phytogrowthinhibitory activities against Brassica napus L. and Echinochloa crusgalli L., and the results are compared with the activity of quizalofop-P-ethyl.