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Towards the development of a custom talus prosthesis produced by SLM: design rules and verification
Francesca Danielli,Francesca Berti,Adelaide Nespoli,Martina Colombo,Tomaso Villa,Luigi La Barbera,Lorenza Petrini 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.3
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising technology for the personalized medicine industry, especially in the orthopedic field. It allows the production of prostheses that can fit complex anatomical sites and mimic bone morphology, featuring an external solid shell and an inner trabecular core. The new medical device regulation has recently outlined the need for safety assessment of these particular implants: to the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no defined methodologies to assess the quality of a custom product since each device is intended for single-time use. The goal of the current work is to propose a well-structured pipeline for designing and verifying an AM custom prosthesis: the exemplified case is that for the ankle joint treatment (i.e. talus resurfacing), whose standard solutions are affected by significant failure rates. A comprehensive characterization of the unique features of AM orthopedic implants will be presented, integrating finite element analyses and experiments.
Francesca Falcone,Umberto Leone Roberti Maggiore,Violante Di Donato,Anna Myriam Perrone,Luigi Frigerio,Giuseppe Bifulco,Stephan Polterauer,Paolo Casadio,Gennaro Cormio,Valeria Masciullo,Mario Malzoni 대한부인종양학회 2020 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.31 No.5
Objective: ‘The Endometrial Cancer Conservative Treatment (E.C.Co.). A multicentre archive’is a worldwide project endorsed by the Gynecologic Cancer Inter-Group, aimed at registeringconservatively treated endometrial cancer (EC) patients. This paper reports the oncologicaland reproductive outcomes of intramucous, G2, endometrioid EC patients from this archive. Methods: Twenty-three patients (Stage IA, G2, endometrioid EC) were enrolled betweenJanuary 2004 and March 2019. Primary and secondary endpoints were, respectively, completeregression (CR) and recurrence rates, and pregnancy and live birth rates. Results: A median follow-up of 35 months (9–148) was achieved. Hysteroscopic resection(HR) plus progestin was adopted in 74% (17/23) of cases. Seventeen patients showed CR(median time to CR, 6 months; 3-13). Among the 6 non-responders, one showed persistenceand 5 progressed, all submitted to definitive surgery, with an unfavorauble outcome in one. The recurrence rate was 41.1%. Ten (58.8%) complete responders attempted to conceive, ofwhom 3 achieved at least one pregnancy with a live-birth. Two out of the 11 candidate patientsunderwent definitive surgery, while the remaining 9 have so far refused. To date, 22 patientsshow no evidence of disease, and one is still alive with disease. Conclusions: Fertility-sparing treatment seems to be feasible even in G2 EC, although cautionshould be kept considering the potential pathological undergrading or non-endometrioid histology misdiagnosis. The low rate of attempt to conceive and of compliance to definitivesurgery underline the need for a ‘global’ counselling extended to the follow-up period.
DO DISTRIBUTORS REALLY KNOW THE PRODUCT? APPROACHING EMERGING MARKETS THROUGH EXPORTS
Francesca Checchinato,Lala Hu,Tiziano Vescovi 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7
Exporting represents an entry mode into international markets that is less risky than more direct strategies, therefore, it particularly fits SMEs (small-medium enterprises) that generally have a few resources to invest. In the case of emerging markets because of the high psychic distance, SMEs tend to rely on their distributors for the business operations in the new market. However, even if this type of intermediary allows the access to the foreign distribution channel that is particularly complex in countries such as China, it can limit the control of the market and in some cases, the product expansion. Based on a qualitative research consisting of interviews and secondary data, we will present two original case studies of Italian firms operating in the Chinese market. It will be shown that in emerging markets, since distributors do not really analyze and know consumer expectations and behaviors, they may represent a barrier in the knowledge accumulation of foreign products in the new market. Managerial implications will be discussed on the extent to which SMEs are not able to replicate marketing strategies used in other countries, but they should define a clear strategy that involves their distributors in the process of knowledge accumulation and brand value creation in the foreign market.
Francesca Del Chicca,Andrea Schwarz,Dieter Meier,Paula Grest,Annette Liesegang,Patrick R. Kircher 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.4
The objective of the present study was to describe two non-invasive methods for fat quantification in normal canine liver by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy. Eleven adult beagle dogs were anesthetized and underwent magnetic resonance examination of the cranial abdomen by performing morphologic, modified Dixon (mDixon) dual gradient echo sequence, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) imaging. In addition, ultrasonographic liver examination was performed, fine-needle liver aspirates and liver biopsies were obtained, and hepatic triglyceride content was assayed. Ultrasonographic, cytologic, and histologic examination results were unremarkable in all cases. The median hepatic fat fraction calculated was 2.1% (range, 1.3%–5.5%) using mDixon, 0.3% (range, 0.1%–1.0%) using 1H MRS, and 1.6% (range 1.0%–2.5%) based on triglyceride content. The hepatic fat fractions calculated using mDixon and 1H MRS imaging were highly correlated to that based on triglyceride content. A weak correlation between mDixon and 1H MRS imaging was detected. The results show that hepatic fat content can be estimated using non-invasive techniques (mDixon or 1H MRS) in healthy dogs. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the use of these techniques in dogs with varying hepatic fat content and different hepatic disorders.
Does country of origin affect brand associations? The case of Italian brands in China
Francesca Checchinato,Marta Disegna,Tiziano Vescovi 한국마케팅과학회 2013 마케팅과학연구 Vol.23 No.4
Findings related to how country of origin affects consumers’ product evaluations are still not consistent. Previous studies are mainly based on experiments and the results related to consumer judgements come from the elaboration of scores given to semantic scale items. Considering that brand image consists of a network of associations, the aim of this research is to evaluate how country of origin affects this entire network. An experiment was conducted involving 301 Chinese subjects to test the hypothesis that country stereotypes can be transferred to brands.
Francesca De Cagna,Laura Fusar-Poli,Stefano Damiani,Matteo Rocchetti,Gianluca Giovanna,Alessia Mori,Pierluigi Politi,Natascia Brondino 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.1
Several studies have demonstrated the neuromodulating function of oxytocin (OT) in response to anxiogenic stimuli as well as its potential role in the pathogenesis of depression. Consequently, intranasal OT (IN-OT) has been proposed as a potential treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders. The present systematic review aimed to summarize the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of IN-OT on anxiety and depressive symptoms. Overall, 15 studies were included, involving patients with social anxiety disorders (7 studies), arachnophobia (1), major depression (3) or post-natal depression (4), and mainly evaluating single-dose administrations of IN-OT. Results showed no significant effects on core symptomatology. Five crossover studies included functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation: one trial showed reduced amygdala hyper-reactivity after IN-OT in subjects with anxiety, while another one showed enhanced connectivity between amygdala and bilateral insula and middle cingulate gyrus after IN-OT in patients but not in healthy controls. More studies are needed to confirm these results. In conclusion, up to date, evidence regarding the potential utility of IN-OT in treating anxiety and depression is still inconclusive. Further RCTs with larger samples and long-term administration of IN-OT are needed to better elucidate its potential efficacy alone or in association with standard care.
Francesca M. Favarò,JOSEPH H. SALEH 한국원자력학회 2014 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.46 No.6
Defense-in-depth is a fundamental safety principle for the design and operation of nuclear power plants. Despite its general appeal, defense-in-depth is not without its drawbacks, which include its potential for concealing the occurrence of hazardous states in a system, and more generally rendering the latter more opaque for its operators and managers, thus resulting in safety blind spots. This in turn translates into a shrinking of the time window available for operators to identify an unfolding hazardous condition or situation and intervene to abate it. To prevent this drawback from materializing, we propose in this work a novel safety principle termed “observability-in-depth”. We characterize it as the set of provisions technical, operational, and organizational designed to enable the monitoring and identification of emerging hazardous conditions and accident pathogens in real-time and over different time-scales. Observability-in-depth also requires the monitoring of conditions of all safety barriers that implement defense-in-depth; and in so doing it supports sensemaking of identified hazardous conditions, and the understanding of potential accident sequences that might follow (how they can propagate). Observability-in-depth is thus an information-centric principle, and its importance in accident prevention is in the value of the information it provides and actions or safety interventions it spurs. We examine several “event reports” from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission database, which illustrate specific instances of violation of the observability-in-depth safety principle and the consequences that followed (e.g., unmonitored releases and loss of containments). We also revisit the Three Mile Island accident in light of the proposed principle, and identify causes and consequences of the lack of observability-in-depth related to this accident sequence. We illustrate both the benefits of adopting the observability-in-depth safety principle and the adverse consequences when this principle is violated or not implemented. This work constitutes a first step in the development of the observability-in-depth safety principle, and we hope this effort invites other researchers and safety professionals to further explore and develop this principle and its implementation.