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Fenny Amilia Mahara,Lilis Nuraida,Hanifah Nuryani Lioe,Siti Nurjanah 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.28 No.4
Folate (vitamin B9) is an essential nutrient for cell metabolism, especially in pregnant women; however, folate deficiency is a major global health issue. To address this issue, folate-rich fermented foods have been used as alternative sources of natural folate. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are commonly involved in food fermentation, can synthesize and excrete folate into the medium, thereby increasing folate levels. However, screening for folate-producing LAB strains is necessary because this ability is highly dependent on the bacterial strain. Some strains of LAB consume folate, and their presence in a fermentation mix can lower the folate levels of the final product. Since microorganisms efficiently regulate folate biosynthesis to meet their growth needs, some strains of folate-producing LAB can deplete folate levels if folate is available in the media. Such folate-efficient producers possess a feedback inhibition mechanism that downregulates folate biosynthesis. Therefore, the application of folate-overproducing strains may be a key strategy for increasing folate levels in media with or without available folate. Many studies have been conducted to screen folate-producing bacteria, but very few have focused on the identification of overproducers. This is probably because of the limited understanding of the regulation of folate biosynthesis in LAB. In this review, we discuss the roles of folate-biosynthetic genes and their contributions to the ability of LAB to synthesize and regulate folate. In addition, we present various hypotheses regarding the regulation of the feedback inhibition mechanism of folate-biosynthetic enzymes and discuss strategies for obtaining folate-overproducing LAB strains.
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Folate in Milk Fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria from Different Food Sources
Fenny Amilia Mahara,Lilis Nuraida,Hanifah Nuryani Lioe 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.26 No.2
Folates are essential micronutrients, and folate deficiency still occurs in many countries. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to be able to synthesize folates during fermentation, but the folate production is strain-dependent and influenced by the fermentation medium, presence of a folate precursor, and fermentation time. This study aimed to screen extracellular folate-producing LAB from local food sources and evaluate the factors influencing their folate biosynthesis during milk fermentation. The selection of folate-producing LAB was based on their ability to grow in folate-free medium (FACM), with folate concentrations quantified by microbiological assay. Growth of the 18 LAB in FACM varied between isolates, with only 8 isolates growing well and able to synthesize extracellular folate at relatively high concentrations (up to 24.27 ng/mL). The isolates with highest extracellular folate levels, Lactobacillus fermentum JK13 from kefir granules, Lactobacillus plantarum 4C261 from salted mustard, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus R23 from breast milk, were applied to milk fermentation. The last two isolates were probiotic candidates. The three isolates consumed folate when it was present in the milk, and its consumption was in line with their growth. The availability of folate precursors affected the amount of folate consumed, but did not lead to increased folate concentrations in the medium after 72 h fermentation. The results of this study indicate that these isolates cannot be utilized for producing folate in folate-containing milk, as it shows feedback inhibition on folate biosynthesis.
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Unraveling stress tolerance mechanisms in plants
Fenny Dane 한국작물학회 2007 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.11
Abiotic stress conditions caused by temperature extremes, water availability, and ion toxicity severely limit plant growth and productivity. The degree of damage depends on the duration and intensity of the stress, developmental stage and plant species. Plants respond to stress through changes in gene expression, which are controlled by multiple signaling pathways. Our research has focused on gene expression analysis during low temperatures in cold-hardy Poncirus trifoliata, used as rootstock for enhancing cold tolerance in Citrus unshiu (Satsuma mandarin) scion in freeze-prone crop production areas. cDNA-Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) and Quantitative Real-Time (RT) PCR were use to compare expression patterns in rootstock and C. unshiu grafted onto P. trifoliata. Genes with the following known functions were identified: signal transduction and regulation of gene expression (such as MAPK3), osmotic stress response, cell skeleton organization, vesicle trafficking and senescence. Differential expression of genes in roots of drought tolerant cucurbit species (Citrullus colocythis) is being studied in response to drought and plant hormones. A complex interplay between abscisic acid, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling pathways regulates gene expression during adaptive responses to abiotic stress in Citrullus species. Functional analysis and detailed characterization of abiotic stress related genes is in progress.
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Effect of chitosan and chitosan-nanoparticles on post harvest quality of banana fruits
Cita Lustriane,Fenny M. Dwivany,Veinardi Suendo,Muhammad Reza 한국식물생명공학회 2018 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.45 No.1
In this study, we evaluated the effect of different concentrations of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles as edible coating in extending shelf life and maintaining the quality of banana fruits (Musa acuminata AAA group). The fruit treated with 1.15% chitosan, 1.25% chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles then store at ambient temperature (25±1°C). The shelf-life of banana, starch content, weight loss, pulp to peel ratio, total soluble solid, surface morpholgy of banana peel and sensory evaluation were analysed. Molecular analysis on the effect of chitosan was also conducted. Results showed that the application of chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan could extend shelf-life and maintain quality of banana fruits.
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Si, Ying,Dane, Fenny,Rashotte, Aaron,Kang, Kwonkyoo,Singh, Narendra K. Oxford University Press 2010 Journal of experimental botany Vol.61 No.6
<P>A full-length drought-responsive gene <I>Ccrboh</I>, encoding the respiratory burst oxidase homologue (rboh), was cloned in <I>Citrullus colocynthis</I>, a very drought-tolerant cucurbit species. The robh protein, also named NADPH oxidase, is conserved in plants and animals, and functions in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The <I>Ccrboh</I> gene accumulated in a tissue-specific pattern when <I>C</I>. <I>colocynthis</I> was treated with PEG, abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), or NaCl, while the homologous <I>rboh</I> gene did not show any change in <I>C</I>. <I>lanatus</I> var. <I>lanatus</I>, cultivated watermelon, during drought. Grafting experiments were conducted using <I>C</I>. <I>colocynthis</I> or <I>C</I>. <I>lanatus</I> as the rootstock or scion. Results showed that the rootstock significantly affects gene expression in the scion, and some signals might be transported from the root to the shoot. <I>Ccrboh</I> in <I>C</I>. <I>colocynthis</I> was found to function early during plant development, reaching high mRNA transcript levels 3 d after germination. The subcellular location of Ccrboh was investigated by transient expression of the 35S::Ccrboh::GFP fusion construct in protoplasts. The result confirmed that Ccrboh is a transmembrane protein. Our data suggest that <I>Ccrboh</I> might be functionally important during the acclimation of plants to stress and also in plant development. It holds great promise for improving drought tolerance of other cucurbit species.</P>
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Effect of chitosan and chitosan-nanoparticles on post harvest quality of banana fruits
Lustriane, Cita,Dwivany, Fenny M.,Suendo, Veinardi,Reza, Muhammad The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2018 식물생명공학회지 Vol.45 No.1
In this study, we evaluated the effect of different concentrations of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles as edible coating in extending shelf life and maintaining the quality of banana fruits (Musa acuminata AAA group). The fruit treated with 1.15% chitosan, 1.25% chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles then store at ambient temperature ($25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$). The shelf-life of banana, starch content, weight loss, pulp to peel ratio, total soluble solid, surface morpholgy of banana peel and sensory evaluation were analysed. Molecular analysis on the effect of chitosan was also conducted. Results showed that the application of chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan could extend shelf-life and maintain quality of banana fruits.
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Muhammad Maulana Malikul Ikram,Rizkita Rachmi Esyanti,Fenny Martha Dwivany 한국식물생명공학회 2017 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.44 No.3
Photoperiod is one of the factors affecting productivity of cucumber plant by inducing ethylene hormone production and so triggering flower sex differentiation into female flower. However, only few studies have been perfomed in order to reveal the effect of photoperiod in molecular level in relation to the flower differentiation. Therefore, in this study, Mercy cultivar of cucumber (andromonoecious) was treated with photoperiod of 8, 12, 16 hours of light, while control received no treatment of additional light. Photoperiod of 8 hours was achieved by blocking the sunlight with shade net and 16 hours by giving longer light exposure using white LEDs. Cucumber’s flowers were quantified and the apical and lateral shoots were extracted to evaluate the gene profile related to the photoperiod, ethylene production, and female flower differentiation, which were CsACS2, CsETR1, CsCaN, and CsPIF4 using PCR method. Photoperiod of 8 hours affected the production of female flower with average number of 6.7 flowers in main stem and 8.0 flowers in lateral stem, compared to photoperiod of 12 and 16 hours which produced 3.7 and 2.0 flowers in main stem with 7.0 and 11.3 in lateral stem, respectively. In silico studies in this experiment resulted in proposed model of signal transduction that showed the connection between ethylene production and flower differentiation. PCR analysis confirmed the expression of CsACS2, CsETR1, and CsCaN, that was positively correlated with numbers of female flowers in cucumber, but the expression of CsPIF4 that represent photoperiod haven’t been confirmed correlated with the ethylene production and flower differentiation
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