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??(ZHAO YANG),王峰?(WANG FENGYE) 동아대학교 법학연구소 2020 國際去來와 法 Vol.- No.31
with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, a series of profound changes have taken place in the traditional judicial field, such as judges’ judgment and decision-making modes, litigation process and trial modes, judicial personnels setting and composition structure. In the era of artificial intelligence, judicial decision may become the result of the common decision of human beings and computer systems, and the basis of the application of judgment is the general experience of judges. The traditional litigation process and regional trial modes are turning to a new Internet trial era marked by electronization and digitalization. In the era of artificial intelligence, the changes in the judicial field are fundamentally conducive to improving the judicial efficiency, and the publics trust in judicial judgment has also increased, but the essence of judicial trust has not changed fundamentally, which is still the trust to human beings and judges, not the trust to technology and machines. The first reason is that technology can not achieve the perception of justice; secondly, technology can not reflect the social value orientation; finally, technology can not predict future changes. In addition, the technology itself has potential risks and inherent defects. Therefore, it is different from the path of realizing judicial trust relying solely on system construction, the realization of judicial trust in the era of artificial intelligence should follow the path of complementary construction of technology and system. Technology and system should be promoted in integrating. The core feature of the path of technology and system matching is establishing a new Internet trial mechanism that conforms to the laws of Internet technology development and judicial laws. By establishing the access rules and application rules of artificial intelligence in the trial field, and promoting the construction of intelligent justice actively, we can realize the modernization of the judicial system and judicial capacity, and then enhance the publics trust in judges and their judicial capacity. The key problem should be solved is how to avoid and prevent the various risks attached to the application of technology in justice through the top-level design of the system. In a word, the development of technology has changed the face of human justice, but the trust of human nature has not changed. Human beings believe that artificial intelligence will be domesticated as an effective tool to improve social equity and justice if they make good use of their own wisdom and rationality.
서예헌 ( Xu Yixuan ),왕봉업 ( Wang Fengye ) 경상대학교 법학연구소 2020 法學硏究 Vol.28 No.4
网购合同从其产生时就因具有高效性,给人民带来了极大便利而取得了快速发展,作为一种新兴的合同形式,其既有着传统合同的本质,即当事人在合法自愿的基础上达成的改变民事法律关系的协议,又因为其产生和订立均依靠网络而有着不同于一般合同的特点。新冠疫情的突然爆发影响了人们工作生活的方方面面,在疫情期间人们出行受到极大阻碍,网购越来越成为人们的选择,但同时合同地履行也必然受到阻碍,网购合同作为一种合同,也不可避免地受到了此次疫情的影响,鉴于网购在人们日常的生活中占比日益增大,网购合同也发挥着越来越重要的作用,本文探讨近期新冠疫情背景下网购合同展现出的特征,研究如何减少疫情影响,顺利履行网购合同以及疫情下网购合同责任的承担。 本文以此次新冠肺炎的疫情为契机,分别从四部分进行了研究,在第一部分分析了新冠疫情的法律性质,对新冠疫情的定性和分析,同时探讨不可抗力与情势变更的特性,新冠疫情属于何类的问题;第二部分分析新冠疫情下网购合同的履行,探究了网购合同的本质,网购合同的具体履行情况分析;随后讨论新冠疫情下网购合同的违约责任,标的物不同,违约程度不同, 应当承担不同的违约责任;在最后一部分中,分析新冠疫情下网购合同的履行保障,为了网购合同的顺利履行,经营者、消费者应当谨慎使用其权利,按约履行义务,监管部门对此进行积极的监督。本次通过研究探寻疫情下的网购合同履行,以期对消费者权利的保护及网购的发展有所帮助。 The online shopping contract has been developed rapidly since its emergence because of its high efficiency and great convenience for people. As a new form of contract, it has the essence of traditional contract, which is that the agreement is reached by the parties on the basis of legality and voluntariness to change the civil legal relationship, and it is different from the general contract because its emergence and conclusion depending on the network. The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic has affected all aspects of people's work and life. During the epidemic, people's travelling mobility has been greatly restricted, therefore, the online shopping has increasingly been regarded as people's shooping choice. But at the same time, the fulfillment of contracts is bound to be hindered. As a contract, the online shopping contract is inevitably affected by the epidemic. In view of the increasing proportion of online shopping in people's daily life, online shopping contracts also play an increasingly important role. This paper discusses the characteristics of online shopping contracts under the background of the recent COVID-19 epidemic, studies how to reduce the impact of the epidemic to fulfill online shopping contracts successfully, and researches liabilities should be taken on the online shopping contracts. Taking the COVID-19 epidemic as an opportunity, this paper is studied from four parts. In the first part, it analyzes the legal nature of COVID-19 epidemic to difine and analyze COVID-19 epidemic, discusses the characteristics of force majeure and situation change, and probes whether COVID-19 epidemic belongs to force majeure or situation change. The second part analyzes the fulfillment of online shopping contracts under the COVID-19 epidemic, explores the essence of online shoppingcontracts, and analyzes the specific fulfillment of online shopping contracts. Then this paper discusses the liability for breaching online shopping contracts under the COVID-19 epidemic to conclude that different subject matter and different degree of breaching contracts should bear different liability; In the last part, it analyzes the guarantee of the fulfillment of online shopping contracts under the COVID-19 epidemic. In order to fulfill the online shopping contracts successfully, operators and consumers should use their rights carefully and fulfill their obligations according to the contract, and the regulatory authorities should take active supervision. This study explores the fulfillment of online shopping contracts under the epidemic in order to improve the protection of consumers' rights and the development of online shopping.
Feng Ye,Yanpeng Cao,Weiwei Han,Yakun Yang,Yuancheng Feng,Peng Liu,Chao Xu,Xiaoze Du,양우철,Liu Guicheng 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.3
A highly active RuO2IrO2 electrocatalyst was developed via dip-coating/calcination method for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The catalyst on Ti substrate with a 7/3 molar ratio between Ru and Ir showed the highest electrocatalytic activity for OER among composite samples in different molar ratios. Moreover, the properties of RuO2IrO2 grown on carbon paper were evaluated by proton exchange membrane water electrolysis single cell. Compared with the micron-particle structure of RuO2IrO2 catalyst on the Ti substrate, the catalyst grown on the carbon paper showed a novel nano dendrite shape and can be used directly as the gas diffusion electrode. Owing to the large surface area of the catalyst, the nano dendrite-shaped RuO2IrO2 catalyst exhibits excellent OER performance in the single cell. Furthermore, a cell voltage of 2.50 V is achieved under 200mA cm2 at 30 oC by using the optimal composition RuO2IrO2 (Ru : Ir=7/3) and the commercial 20% Pt/C as anode and cathode, respectively.
CD49f Can Act as a Biomarker for Local or Distant Recurrence in Breast Cancer
Feng Ye,Xiaorong Zhong,Yan Qiu,Libo Yang,Bing Wei,Zhang Zhang,Hong Bu 한국유방암학회 2017 Journal of breast cancer Vol.20 No.2
Purpose: Metastasis and local recurrence are the primary causes of treatment failure and patient death in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to validate a metastasis- and local recurrenceassociated biomarker for prognostic evaluation and planning treatment strategies. Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from a cohort of 312 patients (all stage II and III) were used. The prevalence of CD49f+ cells in the patients’ tumors was analyzed and correlated with clinical characteristics to determine its prognostic and clinical implications. Results: CD49f+ tumor cells were found in a minority of tumors, with 62.8% of the samples showing not a single cell of this subtype. In the clinical characteristics analysis, which were performed with t-tests, CD49f+ tumors were not associated with age, tumor size, World Health Organization grade, nodal status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, progesterone receptor status, or estrogen receptor status, although they were significantly associated with disease recurrence (distant metastasis or/and local recurrence). Univariate survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method showed that CD49f+ tumors were associated with markedly decreased disease-free survival (DFS); the same result was found using multivariate Cox analysis, even when only chemotherapy- treated patients were analyzed. Conclusion: Our results indicated that breast tumors with CD49f+ cancer cells are associated with an increased risk for disease recurrence after initial surgery with poor clinical outcomes (decreased DFS). Therefore, as it requires testing for only one additional protein, adding CD49f testing to conventional surgical pathology is a strategy that has great potential for prognostic and treatment-guidance purposes.
The Influence of Nano- and Micron-size of MXene Flakes on the Electrochemical Performance
Feng Ye,Bingbing Xu,Ronghu Chen,Ruoxin Li,Guangtao Chang 대한금속·재료학회 2023 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.19 No.6
MXene, as a new type of two-dimensional material, has attracted much interest since it was discovered in 2011. However, only few articles discussed the eff ect of MXene fl ake size on its electrochemical performance. Here, a sand milling way is explored to produce nano-size MXene and the MILD method is used to prepare micron-size MXene (1 μm) as a comparison. Meanwhile, a mask-assisted interdigital micro-supercapacitors is prepared to explore the dependence of the electrochemical properties of MXene on their fl ake size. We show that nano-size MXene (200 nm) has a higher ionic conductivity as compared to normal micron-size MXene (1 μm). On the contrary, the larger fl ake size has higher electrical conductivities. As a result, the capacitance of micron-size MXene is better than nano-size MXene (200 nm) because the electrical conductivities are dominant. This research is helpful for further understanding of the infl uence of MXene fl ake size on its electrochemical performance.
Feng Ye,Di Ma,Xiao-Yong Gong,Yu-Chen Yang,Yong-Jun Chen 대한외과학회 2020 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.99 No.5
Purpose: Spontaneous rupture is a potentially serious complication of liver cancer. A risk score was developed and validated for predicting spontaneous rupture based on a retrospective study. Methods: Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to study the relationship between clinical variables and spontaneous rupture. The independent rupture predictors were converted into a score based on the odds ratio. Predicted attributes of the developed scores were then verified using a dataset in 2019. Results: The incidence of spontaneous rupture was 5.5% from 2002 to 2019. A 10-point score (α-FP of ≥400 μg/L, 1; protrusion from liver surface, 2; ascites, 3; tumor size of >5 cm, 4) was derived for prediction of rupture and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.9 (95% confidence interval, 0.87–0.92). When applying a cutoff value of 5 points or more, the specificity was 0.87 and the sensitivity was 0.84. A validation cohort consisting of 202 hepatocellular carcinoma patients reproduces the predictive, identification, and calibration characteristics. The observed rate of spontaneous rupture according to risk stratification of the score was 0.6% for those with a score of 0–4, 21.6% for a score of 5–7, and 36.4% for a score of 8–10 in the validation cohort. Conclusion: Here, based on routine clinical data, we determine the factors that affect prognosis and propose an effective tool for predicting spontaneous rupture, which may be useful in guiding priority treatment of high-risk patients or clinical routine preventive treatment.
The Presence of EpCAM-/CD49f+ Cells in Breast Cancer Is Associated with a Poor Clinical Outcome
Feng Ye,Yan Qiu,Li Li,Libo Yang,Fei Cheng,Hongying Zhang,Bing Wei,Zhang Zhang,Linyong Sun,Hong Bu 한국유방암학회 2015 Journal of breast cancer Vol.18 No.3
Purpose: It is well established that breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) play an essential role in tumor invasion for both local and distant metastasis. The aim of this study was to establish whether BCSCs could act as a prognostic and clinical marker. Methods: We analyzed tumor tissues from 161 breast cancer patients. Dual immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed on all the slides, and we analyzed the relationship between EpCAM–/CD49f+ tumor cells and key clinical and prognostic factors. Results: Univariate survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method showed that the presence of EpCAM–/ CD49f+ tumor cells in breast cancer was significantly associated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of EpCAM–/ CD49f+ cells was associated with shorter DFS (p=0.010; hazard ratio [HR], 2.070) and OS (p=0.002; HR, 3.235). Tumors containing EpCAM–/CD49f+ cells were also more likely to metastasize after initial surgery (p=0.048). Conclusion: Our study suggests that breast tumors containing EpCAM–/CD49f+ cells are more likely to undergo distant metastasis after initial surgery and are associated with a shorter DFS and OS.