HCV-Specific Interleukin-21+CD4+ T Cells Responses Associated with Viral Control through the Modulation of HCV-Specific CD8+ T Cells Function in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Guo-Hua Feng,Fu-Sheng Wang,Ji-Yuan Zhang,Qing-Lei Zeng,Lei Jin,Junliang Fu,Bin Yang,Ying Sun,Tianjun Jiang,Xiangsheng Xu,Zheng Zhang,Jinhong Yuan,Liyuan Wu 한국분자세포생물학회 2013 Molecules and cells Vol.36 No.4

Interleukin-21 (IL-21)+CD4+ T cells are involved in the immune response against hepatitis B virus (HBV) by secreting IL-21. However, the role of IL-21+CD4+ T cells in the immune response against chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus infection is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of IL-21+CD4+ T cells in CHC patients and the potential mechanisms. The study subjects in-cluded nineteen CHC patients who were grouped by viral load (low, < 106 RNA copies/ml, n = 8; high, > 106 RNA copies/ml, n = 11). The peripheral frequency of HCV-specific IL-21+CD4+ T cells was higher in the low viral load group and was negatively correlated with the serum HCV RNA viral load in all CHC patients. Meanwhile, IL-21+ cells accumulated in the liver in the low viral load group. In vitro, IL-21 treatment increased the expression of proliferation markers and cytolytic molecules on HCV-specific CD8+ T cells. In summary, these findings suggest that HCV-specific IL-21+CD4+ T cells might contribute to HCV control by rescuing HCV-specific CD8+ T cells in CHC patients.

Registry-based stroke research in Taiwan: past and future

Cheng-Yang Hsieh,Darren Philbert Wu3,,Sheng-Feng Sung 한국역학회 2018 Epidemiology and Health Vol.40 No.-

Stroke registries are observational databases focusing on the clinical information and outcomes of stroke patients. They play an important role in the cycle of quality improvement. Registry data are collected from real-world experiences of stroke care and are suitable for measuring quality of care. By exposing inadequacies in performance measures of stroke care, research from stroke registries has changed how we manage stroke patients in Taiwan. With the success of various quality improvement campaigns, mortality from stroke and recurrence of stroke have decreased in the past decade. After the implementation of a nationwide stroke registry, researchers have been creatively expanding how they use and collect registry data for research. Through the use of the nationwide stroke registry as a common data model, researchers from many hospitals have built their own stroke registries with extended data elements to meet the needs of research. In collaboration with information technology professionals, stroke registry systems have changed from web-based, manual submission systems to automated fill-in systems in some hospitals. Furthermore, record linkage between stroke registries and administrative claims databases or other existing databases has widened the utility of registry data in research. Using stroke registry data as the reference standard, researchers have validated several algorithms for ascertaining the diagnosis of stroke and its risk factors from claims data, and have also developed a claims-based index to estimate stroke severity. By making better use of registry data, we believe that we will provide better care to patients with stroke.

High expression of ring finger protein 115 contributes to the progression of colorectal cancer via WNT/β-catenin pathway

Wu Weiyu,Zhang Xuelian,He Feng,Wu Longxiang 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2022 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.18 No.3

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, with the second highest incidence among men and the third incidence among women. Objective To uncover the expression of RNF115 in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and cell lines, investigate its effects on CRC progression, and further explore the mechanisms. Results TCGA database showed the high transcript per million (TPM) in human CRC tissues and its relationship with poor prognosis. RNF115 was highly expressed in CRC tissues and cell lines. RNF115 contributed to the growth of CRC cells via mediating cell cycle and colony formation. RNF115 knockdown also stimulated the apoptosis of CRC cells by increasing Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression levels. Mechanistically, RNF115 affected the proliferation and apoptosis via targeting WNT/β-catenin pathway in CRC cells. Conclusion RNF115 was highly expressed in human CRC tissues and cell lines and correlated with poor prognosis. RNF115 contributed to the growth of CRC cells via mediating cell cycle and colony formation, and also induced the apoptosis of CRC cells via targeting WNT/β-catenin pathway. RNF115 could serve as a target for CRC treatment.

Optimization Model of Reliable Data Storage in Cloud Environment Using Genetic Algorithm

Feng Liu,Haitao Wu,Xiaochun Lu,Xiyang Liu 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.7 No.6

Massive data storage is one of the great challenges for cloud computing service, and reliable storage of sensitive data directly affects quality of storage service. In this paper, based on analysis of data storage process in cloud environment, the cost of massive data storage is considered to be comprised of data storage price, data migration and communication; and the storage reliability consists of data transmission reliability and hardware dependability. A multi-objective optimization model for reliable massive storage is proposed, in which storage cost and reliability are the objectives. Then, a genetic algorithm for solving the model is designed. Finally, experimental results indicate that the proposed model is positive and effective.

The Influence of Challenge on Cathepsin B and D Expression Patterns in the Silkworm Bombyx mori L.

Wu, Feng-Yao,Zou, Feng-Ming,Jia, Jun-Qiang,Wang, Sheng-Peng,Zhang, Guo-Zheng,Guo, Xi-Jie,Gui, Zhong-Zheng Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2011 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.23 No.1

Cathepsins are well-characterized proteases that are ubiquitously expressed in lysosomes. Previous work revealed that $Bombyx$ $mori$ cathepsins B and D are expressed in the fat body and undergo decomposition during larval-pupal metamorphosis. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed to detect cathepsin gene expression at the transcription level when challenged by $B.$ $mori$ nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV), temperature and hormones (20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone analogue (JHA)). mRNAs encoding cathepsins B and D were significantly enhanced after the larvae were infected with BmNPV, and the peak of the induction appeared at 1 day before spinning. This attenuated the inducing effect on cathepsin expression caused by infection. Temperature shock induced cathepsin expression at the later stage of the $5^{th}$ instar, and transcription levels varied with development stage and temperature. Cathepsin B and D mRNA expression in the fat body were significantly induced by JHA at the day before spinning, and with 20E, the expression reached a peak at the last day of the $5^{th}$ instar. Cathepsin B and D mRNA expression exhibited detectable changes post-treatment, without significant differences between or among the hormone concentrations.

Research on the Chinese Town-Dwellers’ Consumption of Flowers

Wu Zhong Zhou,Yao Guo,Jian Feng Zhu,Xin Feng,Jing Guo 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Advanced Process Control of the Critical Dimension in Photolithography

Wu, Chien-Feng,Hung, Chih-Ming,Chen, Juhn-Horng,Lee, An-Chen Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2008 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.1

This paper describes two run-to-run controllers, a nonlinear multiple exponential-weight moving-average (NMEWMA) controller and a dynamic model-tuning minimum-variance (DMTMV) controller, for photolithography processes. The relationships between the input recipes (exposure dose and focus) and output variables (critical dimensions) were formed using an experimental design method, and the photolithography process model was built using a multiple regression analysis. Both the NMEWMA and DMTMV controllers could update the process model and obtain the optimal recipes for the next run. Quantified improvements were obtained from simulations and real photolithography processes.

UHRF2 mRNA Expression is Low in Malignant Glioma but Silencing Inhibits the Growth of U251 Glioma Cells in vitro

Wu, Ting-Feng,Zhang, Wei,Su, Zuo-Peng,Chen, San-Song,Chen, Gui-Lin,Wei, Yong-Xin,Sun, Ting,Xie, Xue-Shun,Li, Bin,Zhou, You-Xin,Du, Zi-Wei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

UHRF2 is a member of the ubiquitin plant homeo domain RING finger family, which has been proven to be frequently up-regulated in colorectal cancer cells and play a role as an oncogene in breast cancer cells. However, the role of UHRF2 in glioma cells remains unclear. In this study, we performed real-time quantitative PCR on 32 pathologically confirmed glioma samples (grade I, 4 cases; grade II, 11 cases; grade III, 10 cases; and grade IV, 7 cases; according to the 2007 WHO classification system) and four glioma cell lines (A172, U251, U373, and U87). The expression of UHRF2 mRNA was significantly lower in the grade III and grade IV groups compared with the noncancerous brain tissue group, whereas its expression was high in A172, U251, and U373 glioma cell lines. An in vitro assay was performed to investigate the functions of UHRF2. Using a lentivirus-based RNA interference (RNAi) approach, we down-regulated UHRF2 expression in the U251 glioma cell line. This down-regulation led to the inhibition of cell proliferation, an increase in cell apoptosis, and a change of cell cycle distribution, in which S stage cells decreased and G2/M stage cells increased. Our results suggest that UHRF2 may be closely related to tumorigenesis and the development of gliomas.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Biologics for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: How, When, and for Whom?

Wu Jia-Feng 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.4

During the past decade, we have entered an era of biologics for the treatment of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The therapeutic goal of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management has evolved from symptom control and clinical remission to mucosal healing or even deep remission. Histological remission for ulcerative colitis and transmural healing of Crohn’s disease are potential future goals. With the adoption of the treat-to-target concept, and given the need for tight control of IBD activity, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an important element of precision medicine. TDM involves the measurement of serum biologics and anti-drug antibodies levels, to confirm whether the right drug with the right dosage was prescribed to reach the right serum levels. TDM may help clinicians adjust biologics based on objective biomarkers instead of using empirical dosage escalation or making symptom-based therapeutic adjustments. Wellestablished reactive TDM algorithms have been proposed, and emerging evidence supports the clinical application of a proactive TDM strategy to enhance the duration of effective biologics and improve clinical outcomes. Recently, the proactive TDM strategy was shown to avoid the secondary loss of response to biologics, and improve long-term clinical outcomes in IBD patients. This review summarizes data from trials, and practice guidelines, on the clinical application of proactive and reactive TDM strategies for the daily care of biologic-treated IBD patients.

Synthesis of Core−Shell Au@TiO₂ Nanoparticles with Truncated Wedge-Shaped Morphology and Their Photocatalytic Properties

Wu, Xiao-Feng,Song, Hai-Yan,Yoon, Jeong-Mo,Yu, Yeon-Tae,Chen, Yun-Fa American Chemical Society 2009 Langmuir Vol.25 No.11

<P>Core−shell Au@TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles with truncated wedge-shaped TiO<SUB>2</SUB> morphology have been synthesized successfully by a simple and flexible hydrothermal route. Morphological evolution of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> shells was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray diffraction technique. It has been revealed that the truncated wedge-shaped TiO<SUB>2</SUB> shells experience an epitaxially segmented orientation growth. Also, the (101) crystal planes of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> crystals grow preferentially on the surface of gold nanocrystals stabilizing the heterointerfaces, then faster [001] growth results in the “budding” process occurs, producing growth sites on the initial deposition TiO<SUB>2</SUB> layers, where the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> crystals grow up into truncated wedge-shaped morphologies. It is also found that morphological evolution of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> shells is dependent on the produced F<SUP>−</SUP> ion concentration from hydrolyzed TiF<SUB>4</SUB> precursors. The produced F<SUP>−</SUP> ions not only facilitate the formation of well-defined wedge-like TiO<SUB>2</SUB> shells, but also contribute to the externally exposed truncated crystal {004} facets. As the representative photocatalyst, the catalytic activities of the resultant core−shell Au@TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles were investigated by photoinitiated oxidation degradation of gaseous acetaldehyde. It has been indicated that the nanostructured core−shell Au@TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalyst represents high photocatalytic activity when exposed to UV or visible light irradiation. The high phototocatalytic performance is also largely attributed to the preferentially grown TiO<SUB>2</SUB> shell structures and metal (Au)-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> heterointerfaces.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2009/langd5.2009.25.issue-11/la900035a/production/images/medium/la-2009-00035a_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la900035a'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>