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A Bitter Sweet from Afghanistan
Farzana Elham 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2017 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2017 No.7
This paper will take you to Afghanistan pasture, where you will see herds of goats, sheep, and camels grazing. However, there is, in the corner of the plains a woman, a lonely woman! Giving birth to her child without any kind of medical services, even family members are not aware and no one cares. Little children are playing behind tents and teens and youths are taking care of animals. This is the story of about 6 million Afghan that at least 2-3 million of them are women. They do not have access to any kind of human rights and services, which are supposed to be provided by the government or international agencies. As an activist, we are trying our best to be representative voices for those who might be forgotten and marginalized.
A Configurable Fault Tolerant Architecture for Component-Based Systems
Farzana Yousuf,Aamer Nadeem,Zahid Zaman 보안공학연구지원센터 2009 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.3 No.2
Component-based software engineering is an emerging paradigm for software development. Benefits of component-based development include significant reduction in the development cost, time and improvement in the dependability requirements. Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components are used without any code modification and inspection. When such components are integrated to build safety-critical systems, faults within individual COTS components or faults due to their collaboration may cause catastrophic failures. Therefore, for systems with high dependability requirements, it is essential to incorporate ways for tolerating the software faults at architectural level to deal with the faults that are not catered within the components. The existing component based fault tolerant architectures provide fault tolerance through either exception handling or design diversity. In this paper, we propose a fault tolerant architecture, which supports design diversity and exception handling fault tolerance strategies. The proposed fault tolerant component architecture employs special-purpose connectors called design diverse-multiple version connectors (DD-MVC). These connectors allow design diverse N-variants of COTS to run in parallel. Moreover, proposed architecture also has fault tolerant architectural level connector. The proposed architecture can be configured to adjust the tradeoff between dependability and efficiency and exhibits the ability to tolerate the anticipated and unanticipated faults effectively. The applicability of proposed architecture is demonstrated with a prototype implementation and a case study.
Farzana Akther Sumi,Biswajit Sikder,Md Mizanur Rahman,Shamshad Rahman Lubna,Anayt Ulla,Md. Hemayet Hossain,Ismet Ara Jahan,Md Ashraful Alam,Nusrat Subhan 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.24 No.3
We evaluated the cardioprotective effect of Aloe vera gel isoprenaline (ISO)-administered myocardial infarction in rats. ISO administration increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in rats, which were ameliorated by A. vera gel supplementation. Our study also revealed that creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) activities were increased in ISO-administered rats, while the activities of cellular antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and glutathione concentration were decreased. A. vera gel lowered CK-MB enzyme activities and the glutathione concentration in ISO-administered rats, and increased antioxidant activities. Histopathological examination also revealed increases in thickness of the left ventricle myocardium, increases in mononuclear cell infiltrations, increased degeneration of focal areas of the endocardium, and increased fibrous tissue deposition in the heart of ISO-administered rats; whereas, A. vera prevented infiltration of inflammatory cells and reduced left ventricular fibrosis. In conclusion, we show that A. vera supplementation protects against development of cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress in ISO-administered rats.
Farzana Ashrafi Neela,Lisa Nonaka,Satoru Suzuki 한국미생물학회 2007 The journal of microbiology Vol.45 No.1
In this study we examined the multi-drug resistance profiles of the tetracycline (TC) resistant genus Vibrio to determine its susceptibility to two β-lactams, ampicillin (ABPC), and mecillina(MPC), as well as to macrolide, erythromycin (EM). The results showed various patterns of resistance among strains that were isolated from very close geographical areas during the same year, suggesting diverse patterns of drug resistance in environmental bacteria from this area. In addition, the cross-resistance patterns suggested that the resistance determinants among Vibrio spp. are acquired differently within the sediment and seawater environments.
( Farzana Alam ),( Taslim A. Al Hilal ),( Jooho Park ),( Jeong Uk Choi ),( Foyez Mahmud ),( Jee Heon Jeong ),( In San Kim ),( Sang Yoon Kim ),( Seung Rim Hwang ),( Youngro Byun ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2016 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.26 No.-
Targeting multiple stages in metastatic breast cancer is one of the effective ways to inhibit metastatic progression. To target human metastatic breast cancer as well as improving patient compliance, we developed an orally active low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)-taurocholate conjugated with tetra-meric deoxycholic acid, namely LHTD4, which followed by physical complexation with a synthetic bile acid enhancer, DCK. In breast cancer, both transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and CXCL12 exhibit enhanced metastatic activity during the initiation and progression stages of breast cancer, thus we direct the focus on investigating the antimetastatic effect of LHTD4/DCK complex by targeting TGF- βl and CXCL12. Computer simulation study and SPR analysis were performed for the binding confirmation of LHTD4 with TGF- βl and CXCL12. We carried out in vitro phosphorylation assays of the consecutive re-ceptors of TGF-βl and CXCL12 (TGF-βl R1 and CXCR4, respectively). Effects of LHTD4 on in vitro cell migration (induced by TGF- βl) and chemotaxis (mediated by CXCL12) were investigated. The in vivo anti-metastatic effect of LHTD4 was evaluated in an accelerated metastasis model and an orthotopic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer model. The obtained KD values ofTGF- β1 and CXCL12 with LHTD4 were 0.85 and 0.019 ,βM respectively. The simulation study showed that binding affinities of LHTD4 fragment with either TGF-βl or CXCL 12 through additional electrostatic interaction was more stable than that of LMWH fragment. In vitro phosphorylation assays of TGF-βl R1 and CXCR4 showed that the effective inhibition of receptor phosphorylation was observed with the treatment of LHTD4. The expressions of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker proteins such as vimentin and Snail were prevented by LTHD4 treatment in In vitro studies with TGF-~l treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, we observed that LHTD4 negatively regulated the functions of TGF-βl and CXCL 12 on migration and invasion of breast cancer cell. In several advanced orthotopic and experimental breast cancer metastasis murine models. the treatment with LHTD4 (5 mgjkg daily. p.o.) significantly inhibited metastasis compared to the control. Overall, LHTD4 exhibited anti-metastatic effects by inhibiting TGF-βl and CXCL12. and the clinically relevant dose of orally active LHTD4 was found to be effective in preclinical studies without any apparent toxicity.
Farzana Akther Sumi,Biswajit Sikder,Md Mizanur Rahman,Shamshad Rahman Lubna,Anayt Ulla,Md Hemayet Hossain,Ismet Ara Jahan,Md Ashraful Alam,Nusrat Subhan 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.24 No.3
We evaluated the cardioprotective effect of Aloe vera gel isoprenaline (ISO)-administered myocardial infarction in rats. ISO administration increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in rats, which were ameliorated by A. vera gel supplementation. Our study also revealed that creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) activities were increased in ISO-administered rats, while the activities of cellular antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and glutathione concentration were decreased. A. vera gel lowered CK-MB enzyme activities and the glutathione concentration in ISO-administered rats, and increased antioxidant activities. Histopathological examination also revealed increases in thickness of the left ventricle myocardium, increases in mononuclear cell infiltrations, increased degeneration of focal areas of the endocardium, and increased fibrous tissue deposition in the heart of ISO-administered rats; whereas, A. vera prevented infiltration of inflammatory cells and reduced left ventricular fibrosis. In conclusion, we show that A. vera supplementation protects against development of cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress in ISO-administered rats.
Farzana Ahmad,Muhammad Jamil,이진우,김서록,전영재 대한금속·재료학회 2016 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.12 No.5
In current study polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films whosecomposition based on nematic liquid crystal (LC) E7 and prepolymericNOA65 were formed via the photo induced phaseseparation method, in a wide intensity range of the UV light (I = 0.33-1.8 mW/cm2) and curing duration (t = 120-600 sec). The PDLCcharacteristics were monitored by surface morphology, electro opticalstudies, as well as by phase separation process through measuring theFTIR absorption of the composite layers. Increase of curing lightintensity accelerates the phase separation and drastically influencesthe final morphology of LC droplets inside PDLCs. Likewise bywidening the curing duration the enhancement in phase separationwas observed. Increase of light intensity from 0.89 mW/cm2 andduration t = 120-240 sec resulted into transition from large LCdomains of irregular shape (due to aggregation of droplets) to finemono dispersed LC droplets. This morphology caused increase inoptical scattering on zero voltage and high driving voltage. Howeverunexpectedly, this response was not directly related with the curingconditions (intensity and time). These findings extend the potentialapplications of thiol-ene based PDLCs.
Current Trends in Studies on Reverse-Mode Polymer Dispersed Liquid-Crystal Films – A Review
Farzana Ahmad,M. Jamil,Y.J. Jeona 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.4
Reverse-mode polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) comprise an important new class of materials for optical device applications. Generally reverse-mode PDLCs are transparent and opaque in the absence and presence of an external field, respectively. Display devices based on reverse-mode PDLC technology are useful for largearea displays; because their fabrication for manufacturing shutters is considered to be easier and faster, they are also employed for automotive technology and smart windows. These devices can be operated at a low voltage, which conserves energy in intelligent-device applications. This work presents a comprehensive review of past research regarding reverse-mode PDLCs and includes the advantageous features, applications, and various fabrication methods of reverse-mode PDLCs and photo-chromic reverse-mode PDLCs. In addition, some new features of this technology that have recently been reported and future investigations by a variety of research groups are presented.