Core prescription pattern of Chinese herbal medicine for depressive disorders in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based study

Diem Ngoc Hong Tran,I-Hsuan Hwang,Fun-Jou Chen,Yuan-Pu Tseng,Ching-Mao Chang,Shih-Jen Tsai,Jen-Lin Yang,Ta-Peng Wu,Chung-Hua Hsu,Fang-Pey Chen,Yen-Ying Kung 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.3

Background: Depressive disorders (DD) affect not only mood and behavior but also various physical functions. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been shown to have some benefits in treating DD. However, one formula or one single herb might be not show high efficacy when used to treat depression. Thus, this study aimed to examine the core prescription pattern of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) among patients with DD in Taiwan as a reference for related research and clinical applications. Methods: All patients, who had been diagnosed with major depressive disorder or minor depression or dysthymia without any other baseline diseases and had at least one CHM outpatient clinical visit from 2002 to 2011, were extracted from three randomly sampled cohorts, namely the 2000, 2005 and 2010 cohorts of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. The collected data was analyzed to explore the patterns of herbal products. Results: There were 197,146 patients with a diagnosis of DD and of these 1806 subjects had only a diagnosis of DD and utilized CHM. The most common formula was Gan-Mai-Da-Zao-Tang (12.19%), while Suan-Zao-Ren (3.99%) was the most commonly prescribed single herb. The core pattern of prescriptions consisted of a combination of Gan-Mai-Da-Zao-Tang, Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San, Chai-Hu-Jia-Long-Gu-Mu-Li-Tang, He-Huan-Pi, Yuan-Zhi and Shi-Chang-Pu. Conclusions: This study describes the CHM core prescription pattern used to treat patients in Taiwan with DD and it is a potential candidate for study in future pharmacological or clinical trials targeting DD.

[PA-0076] Genome-wide Association Study for the Resistance to the Brown Spot in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Fang-Yuan Cao(Fang-Yuan Cao),Yuting Zeng(Yuting Zeng),Seong-Gyu Jang(Seong-Gyu Jang),Hongjia Zhang(Hongjia Zhang),Sang-Cheol Kim(Sang-Cheol Kim),Soon-Wook Kwon(Soon-Wook Kwon) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2022 No.-

MiR-542-5p Inhibits Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipoidemia by Targeting FOXO1 in the Liver

Fang Tian,Hui-Min Ying,Yuan-Yuan Wang,Bo-Ning Cheng,Juan Chen 연세대학교의과대학 2020 Yonsei medical journal Vol.61 No.9

Purpose: This research was designed to investigate how miR-542-5p regulates the progression of hyperglycemia and hyperlipoidemia. Materials and Methods: An in vivo model with diabetic db/db mice and an in vitro model with forskolin/dexamethasone (FSK/DEX)-induced primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells were employed in the study. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identifythe expression of candidate miRNAs in the liver tissues of diabetic and control mice. H&E staining revealed liver morphologyin diabetic and control mice. Pyruvate tolerance tests, insulin tolerance tests, and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test were utilizedto assess insulin resistance. ELISA was conducted to evaluate blood glucose and insulin levels. Red oil O staining showed lipiddeposition in liver tissues. Luciferase reporter assay was used to depict binding between miR-542-5p and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1). Results: MiR-542-5p expression was under-expressed in the livers of db/db mice. Further in vitro experiments revealed that FSK/DEX, which mimics the effects of glucagon and glucocorticoids, induced cellular glucose production in HepG2 cells and in primaryhepatocytes cells. Notably, these changes were reversed by miR-542-5p. We found that transcription factor FOXO1 is a target ofmiR-542-5p. Further in vivo study indicated that miR-542-5p overexpression decreases FOXO1 expression, thereby reversing increasesin blood glucose, blood lipids, and glucose-related enzymes in diabetic db/db mice. In contrast, anti-miR-542-5p exertedan adverse influence on blood glucose and blood lipid metabolism, and its stimulatory effects were significantly inhibited by sh-FOXO1 in normal control mice. Conclusion: Collectively, our results indicated that miR-542-5p inhibits hyperglycemia and hyperlipoidemia by targeting FOXO1.

Competition in Dual Markets: Two Game-Theoretical Models on Pricing in Online versus Multiple Channels

Yuan Zhu Lu,Fang Fang Tang,Xiao Lin Xing 한양대학교 경제연구소 2009 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH Vol.14 No.2

Bacterial Fruit Rot of Apricot Caused by Burkholderia cepacia in China

Fang, Yuan,Li, Bin,Wang, Fang,Liu, Baoping,Wu, Zhiyi,Su, Ting,Qiu, Wen,Xie, Guanlin The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2009 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.25 No.4

An unreported disease of apricot was observed in orchards in Zhejiang province, China. Symptoms started as water soaked lesions on the fruit surface. Later, water-soaked areas developed and spread to the entire fruit, resulting in soft rot of the whole fruit. The causal organism isolated from symptomatic fruits was identified as Burkholderia cepacia based on its biochemical and physiological characteristics and confirmed by the cellular fatty acid composition and Biolog data as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The bacterial isolates caused similar symptoms when inoculated onto fruits of apricot. In addition, European plum, Japanese plum, nectarine and kiwifruit were susceptible to the B. cepacia pathogen. However, the B. cepacia pathogen failed to cause any visible symptoms when it was inoculated onto 16 other fruits. This is the first report of a bacterial disease of apricot caused by B. cepacia in China.

Diversity Analysis of Burkholderia cepacia Complex in the Water Bodies of West Lake, Hangzhou, China

Yuan Fang,Guan-lin Xie,Miao-miao Lou,Bin Li,Ibrahim Muhammad 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.2

A survey of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) species was conducted in water bodies of West Lake in China. A total of 670 bacterial isolates were recovered on selective media. Out of them, 39.6% (265 isolates)were assigned to the following species: Burkholderia multivorans, Burkholderia cenocepacia recA lineage IIIA,IIIB, Burkholderia stabilis, Burkholderia vietnamiensis, and Burkholderia seminalis while B. cenocepacia is documented as a dominant Bcc species in water of West Lake. In addition, all Bcc isolates tested were PCR negative for the cblA and esmR transmissibility marker genes except B. cenocepacia IIIB A8 which was positive for esmR genelater. The present study raises great concerns on the role of West Lake as a “reservoir” for potential Bcc pathogenic strains.

Protective Effect of Andrographolide on Alleviating Chronic Alcoholic Liver Disease in Mice by Inhibiting Nuclear Factor Kappa B and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Activation

Yuan Song,Xiangqun Wu,Di Yang,Fang Fang,Lingshi Meng,Ya Liu,Weiwei Cui 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.4

Much research has indicated that alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation induced by ethanol, and that numerous antioxidants could effectively alleviate such injuries. Moreover, recent studies have identified andrographolide (AD) as having strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which can block oxidative damage associated with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation. However, the biological role and potential mechanism of AD in its protection against ALD have not been fully characterized. To observe the possible effect of AD, male C57BL/6J mice received ethanol through intragastrical gavage for 12 weeks in this study. The ethanol group was separated into five subgroups: (1) model group (n = 10); (2) silymarin group (0.1 mg/g body weight [BW], n = 10); (3) AD (0.05 mg/g BW) group (n = 10); (4) AD (0.1 mg/g BW) group (n = 10); and (5) AD (0.2 mg/g BW) group (n = 10). Mice in AD groups were treated orally by gavage once per day. The experimental results show that serum aminotransferase, liver lipids, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant capacities were significantly changed in the model group after alcohol treatment, and the liver tissue histological findings showed pathological changes. Compared with the model group, treatment with AD improved serum aminotransferase, liver function, lipid accumulation, and hepatic reactive oxygen species levels. And AD decreased the hepatic NF-κB and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) protein expression of ALD mice. This research demonstrated that AD can alleviate liver pathological injury and oxidative stress in mice exposed to ethanol by decreasing the expression of NF-κB and TNF-α.

Association Study of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of STAT2/STAT3/IFN-γ Genes in Cervical Cancer in Southern Chinese Han Women

Yuan, Yuan,Fan, Jie-Lin,Yao, Fang-Ling,Wang, Kang-Tao,Yu, Ying,Carlson, Jennifer,Li, Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Objective: Interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) each play an important role in carcinogenesis associated with viral infection. Cervical cancer is almost invariably associated with infection by human papillomavirus (HPV), and previous studies suggested that dysregulation of the signal pathway involved in IFN-${\gamma}$ and STATs is associated. Our objective was to evaluate the association of SNPs in STAT2, STAT3, and IFN-${\gamma}$ with cervical cancer susceptibility in Chinese Han women in Hunan province. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of 234 cervical cancer patients and 216 healthy female controls. STAT2 and STAT3 genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction enzyme (PCR-RE) analysis. IFN-${\gamma}$ genotyping was detected by PCR-amplification of specific allele (PASA). Results: For STAT2 rs2066807 polymorphisms, there was no significant difference of genotype distribution (P=0.827) and allele frequencies (P=0.830, OR=1.09, 95% CI: 0.51-2.31) between cases and controls. For STAT3 rs957970 polymorphisms, there was no significant difference of genotype distribution (P=0.455) and allele frequencies (P=0.560, OR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.71-1.20) between cases and controls. For IFN-${\gamma}$ +874A/T polymorphisms, there was no significant difference of genotype distribution (P=0.652) and allele frequencies (P=0.527, OR=1.12, 95% CI: 0.79-1.59) between cases and controls. Conclusion: These results suggest that polymorphisms in STAT2, STAT3 and IFN-${\gamma}$ genes are not likely to be strong predictors of cervical cancer in Han women in southern China.

Experimental Investigation and Finite Element Analysis on Flexural Behavior of PVA Fiber-Reinforced Recycled Concrete Slabs

Yuan Fang,Feng Yu,Jie Song,Yuandi Qian,Qinglin Tao 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.9

This paper presents an experimental study on mechanical behavior of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber-recycled reinforced concrete (RC) one-way slabs. 21 specimens including 14 PVA fiber-reinforced recycled concrete slabs and 7 recycled RC slabs are fabricated and tested. The specimens are designed with different variables, such as replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) γ, reinforcement ratio ρs, content of PVA fibers ρf, and span-to-thickness ratio l/h. The findings demonstrate that yielding of longitudinal reinforcement, breaking or pulling out PVA fibers along crack gaps and crushing of recycled concrete eventually dominate the failures of PVA fiber-reinforced recycled RC one-way slabs. The ultimate carrying capacity enhances as ρf or ρs increases, while decreases as l/h increases. The ultimate carrying capacity decreases with the increment of , while the introduction of PVA fibers can alleviate this weakening effect. The ultimate carrying capacity of RCB and PRCB decreases by 11.96% and 2.15%, respectively when the increases from 0% from 100%. The ultimate deflection first increases and then decreases as ρs increases. Increasing γ, l/h or ρf increases the ultimate deflection. Comparatively, the variation of PVA fiber content has a more prominent effect on the ultimate deflection of PRCB-U. The ultimate deflection of PRCB-U and PRCB increases by 73.03% and 15.15% respectively when the content of PVA fibers increases from 1% to 2%. A verified finite element (FE) model for PVA fiber-reinforced recycled RC one-way slabs under static load is established on account of rational constitutive relationship of materials. Then, the parametric studies are carried out to further reveal stress mechanism and the impacts of five main influence parameters on mechanical behaviors are ulteriorly analyzed. Ultimately, several design recommendations are suggested based on the experimental and FE analysis results. The suggested content of PVA fibers is between 0.5% and 2% and the optimal reinforcement rate ranges from 0.49% to 0.59%.

Bacterial Fruit Rot of Apricot Caused by Burkholderia cepacia in China

Yuan Fang,Bin Li,Fang Wang,Baoping Liu,Zhiyi Wu,Ting Su,Wen Qiu,Guanlin Xie 한국식물병리학회 2009 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.25 No.4

An unreported disease of apricot was observed in orchards in Zhejiang province, China. Symptoms started as water soaked lesions on the fruit surface. Later, water-soaked areas developed and spread to the entire fruit, resulting in soft rot of the whole fruit. The causal organism isolated from symptomatic fruits was identified as Burkholderia cepacia based on its biochemical and physiological characteristics and confirmed by the cellular fatty acid composition and Biolog data as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The bacterial isolates caused similar symptoms when inoculated onto fruits of apricot. In addition, European plum, Japanese plum, nectarine and kiwifruit were susceptible to the B. cepacia pathogen. However, the B. cepacia pathogen failed to cause any visible symptoms when it was inoculated onto 16 other fruits. This is the first report of a bacterial disease of apricot caused by B. cepacia in China.