Growth and development of Chrysomya saffranea (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in response to different food substrates

Abd Al Galil Fahd Mohammed,Al‐Keridis Lamya Ahmed,AL‐Mekhlafi Fahd A.,Al‐Shuraym Laila A.,Alhag Sadeq K.,Ali El Hadi Mohamed Rania,Wadaan Muhammad A. 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.10

Chrysomya saffranea is an insect that is important in criminal forensics as it plays a large role in decomposition on human cadavers. In this paper, the different developmental stages of C. saffranea flies were studied in the laboratory on different food, such as meat, liver, fat tissue and mixed food, to test whether these media affect the development of their larvae and have an impact on the calculation of the post-mortem interval. Our results indicated a significant growth enhancement among flies that fed on the mixed food (pure fat, meat and liver minced in equal proportions) compared with those that fed on minced (pure fat tissues, pure meat of and minced liver) of buffalo. The present results also confirmed the impact of food on the growth of C. saffranea, as well as the post-mortem interval PMI.

Larvicidal activity of some fungal extracts on Aedes caspius and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

Fahd A. AL-MEKHLAFI 한국곤충학회 2017 Entomological Research Vol.47 No.6

A preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the effects of nine methanol fungal extracts on fourth instar larvae of Aedes caspius and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). None of the extracts tested showed larvicidal activity except for the Paecilomyces lilacinus extract, which showed 100 % mortality against the larvae of Ae caspius after 24 h. The LC50 values of the P. lilacinus extract after 24 h were 190.66 μg/mL against Ae. caspius and 254.25 μg/mL against Cx. pipiens, respectively. After 48 h, meanwhile, the LC50 values were 65.70 and 164.13 μg/mL, respectively. Histological analysis of the midgut of the treated larvae of Ae. caspius and Cx. pipiens revealed changes such as cell destruction, spacing between the cells and disruption of the microvilli, resulting in an appearance of vacuolization in the midgut. This article is the first report of the use of P. lilacinus extract for the control of Ae. caspius and Cx. pipiens larvae and the data obtained may help to provide a better understanding of the mode of action of P. lilacinus as an insecticide against mosquito larvae.

GHL Algorithm Extension Based on a New Technique of Reducing Congestion in OBS Networks

Fahd Loukdache,Said Elhajji,Abdellatif El Ghazi 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.9

Optical networks have known a great attention from researchers in the field of telecommunication due to the bandwidth offered. OBS compared to OCS and OPS allow a better use of bandwidth and an effective management of resources. Despite the advantages of OBS networks, they suffer from data loss due to contention and congestion. Given a number of channels on a link, choosing the erroneous number of control channels – depending on the traffic load – can lead to congestion in the control channels; whereas a good choice of the number of control channels allows increasing the rate of the control packet service. In this work, we propose to improve the GHL algorithm into a new one called “GHL +” based on a new congestion reduction technique in the control channels.

Inhibition of the growth and development of mosquito larvae of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) treated with extract from flower of Matricaria chamomilla (Asteraceae)

Fahd A. AL-MEKHLAFI,Nael Abutaha,Ahmed M. AL-MALKI,Muhammad AL-WADAAN 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.3

Mosquitoes can transfer many adverse diseases to human and animals therefore, there is a need to fight their spread. Among promising larvicidal sources is the use of plant extracts, which will play an important role in the future. This study was conducted to assess the larvicidal activity of Ferula hermonis Boiss,Achillea millefolium, Salvia officnalis, Psidium guaja and Matricaria chamomilla extract against Culex pipiens. The plant materials were extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol using a Soxhlet extractor. The extracts were evaluated for larvicidal activity against Cx. pipiens the mortality was monitored after 24 and 48 h of exposure. None of the extracts tested showed larvicidal acitivties except M. chamomilla. The ethyl acetate extract showed the most promising larvicidal activity with LC50 values of 287.1 and 209.4 ppm after 24 and 48 h of exposure, respectively. Treatment of the eggs with different concentrations of the active extract decreased the hatchability of the eggs dose dependently from 95 to 86.49%. Similarly, the pupal duration increased in treated groups. The larval period lasted for 12 d, whereas that of the control group lasted for 10 d. Furthermore, the pupal period lasted 3 d (control 2 d) in treated groups. The data also revealed a significant decrease in the growth index in treated groups (0.00–7.53) than that of the control (8.5). The GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of 1.6.10-dodecatriene, 7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene (89.68%), 1,6-cyclodecadiene, 1-methyl-5-methylene-8-(1-methylethyl)-, [S-(E,E)] (6.34%), 2H-pyran 3-ol (4.04%), and 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (0.079%).

Cone-beam computed tomography–based radiographic considerations in impacted lower third molars: Think outside the box

Fahd Ali,Temerek Ahmed Talaat,Ellabban Mohamed T,Adam Samar Ahmed Nouby,Shaheen Sarah Diaa Abd El-wahab,Refai Mervat S,Shatat Zein Abdou 대한영상치의학회 2023 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.53 No.2

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the anatomic circle around the impacted lower third molar to show, document, and correlate essential findings that should be included in the routine radiographic assessment protocol as clinically meaningful factors in overall case evaluation and treatment planning. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomographic images of impacted lower third molars were selected according to specific inclusion criteria. Impacted teeth were classified according to their position before assessment. The adjacent second molars were assessed for distal caries, distal bone loss, and root resorption. The fourth finding was the presence of a retromolar canal distal to the impaction. Communication with the dentist responsible for each case was done to determine whether these findings were detected or undetected by them before communication. Results: Statistically significant correlations were found between impaction position, distal bone loss, and detected distal caries associated with the adjacent second molar. The greatest percentage of undetected findings was found in the evaluation of distal bone status, followed by missed detection of the retromolar canal. Conclusion: The radiographic assessment protocol for impacted third molars should consider a step-by-step evaluation for second molars, and clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of second molar affection in horizontal and mesioangular impactions. They also should search for the retromolar canal due to its associated clinical considerations.

Intellectual Capital and Its Role in Crisis Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Study in Kuwait

Fahd Marzouq ALNASSAFI 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.3

The study aimed to assess the availability of intellectual capital in Kuwaiti private universities in terms of its three dimensions (human capital, structural capital, and relational capital), as well as its role in crisis management (crisis preparedness, crisis mitigation, confrontation, and response to the crisis, and learning from the crisis) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Members of the boards of trustees, university presidents, their deputies, and deans of the colleges were chosen as respondents to this study from a sample of (8) private universities in Kuwait, with the sampling unit consisting of leaders in these universities. The study revealed that all dimensions of intellectual capital play a statistically significant impact in executing crisis management during the COVID-19 pandemic at Kuwaiti private universities after conducting the data analysis process. The study concluded that universities should pay attention to intellectual capital in all its dimensions (human capital, structural capital, and relational capital) because of its role in improving their ability to implement crisis management strategies and strive to improve their capabilities to face crises by implementing crisis management strategies.

New Mechanism of Burst Construction to Reduce Losses in OBS Networks

Fahd Loukdache,Said Elhajji,Abdellatif El Ghazi 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.8 No.10

Can bone marrow aspirate improve mandibular fracture repair in camels (Camelus dromedarius)? A preliminary study

Fahd Al-Sobayil,Madeh A. Sadan,El-Sayed El-Shafaey,Ahmed F. Ahmed 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.6

Background: Mandibular fractures are common in camels, leading to considerable economic losses. This study explored methods of improving mandibular fractures repair, adjuvant with interdental wire, or bone plate fixation. Autologous bone marrow (BM) injection enhances osteogenesis and rapid healing. Objectives: To investigate the effect of autologous BM aspirate as an adjuvant treatment for repairing mandibular fractures in camels with interdental wire, or bone plate fixation. Methods: Thirty dromedary camels aged 5–8 years and of both sexes were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups: group 1 (n = 10) treated with stainless steel wire fixation and BM injection at the fracture line, group 2 (n = 10) treated with plate fixation and BM injection at the fracture line, group 3 (n = 5) treated with stainless steel bone wire fixation and placebo saline injection at the fracture line, and group 4 (n = 5) treated with plate fixation and placebo injection at the fracture line. The mandibular fractures were followed weekly for 12 weeks postoperatively to assess improvement and healing based on clinical evaluation, radiographic union scale, and bone turnover markers (i.e., bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, pyridinoline, and deoxypyridinoline). Results: Compared to other groups, elevated bone turnover markers in group 1 were demonstrated (p < 0.05) on the seventh postoperative day. Likewise, compared to other groups, both clinical findings and radiographic union scale significantly improved (p < 0.05) in group 1 on the 56th postoperative day. Conclusions: BM aspirate has a promising beneficial osteogenic effect on mandibular fracture repair in camels, most notably when combined with interdental wire fixation.

Laparoscopy offers better clinical outcomes and long-term survival in patients with right colon cancer: experience from national cancer center

Shah, Muhammad Fahd,Naeem, Awais,Haq, Ihtisham ul,Riaz, Shehryar,Shakeel, Osama,Panteleimonitis, Sofoklis,Khattak, Shahid,Syed, Aamir Ali,Parvaiz, Amjad 대한대장항문학회 2022 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.38 No.3

Purpose: Laparoscopic approach to colonic tumor requires skill set and resources to be established as routine standard of care in most centers around the world. It presents particular challenge in country like Pakistan due to economic constrain and lack of teaching and training opportunities available for surgeons to be trained to deliver such service. The aim of this study is to look into changing practice of our institution from conventional approach of open to laparoscopic surgery for right colon cancer. Methods: Consecutive patients between January 2010 to December 2018 who presented to Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre with diagnosis of right colon (cecum, ascending and transverse colon) adenocarcinoma and underwent surgical resections were included in this study. Results: A total of 230 patients with adenocarcinoma of the right colon underwent curative resections during the study period. Of these, 141 patients (61.3%) underwent laparoscopic surgery while open resection was performed in 89 patients (38.7%). Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage III (80.9% vs. 54.8%, P=0.021) was significantly better if these patients underwent laparoscopic surgery while a trend toward better DFS (96.7% vs. 84.1%, P=0.111) was also observed in AJCC stage II patients, although this difference was not significant. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the adoption of a laparoscopic approach for right colon cancer over 10 years. With a standardized approach and using the principle of oncological surgery, we incorporated this in our minimally invasive surgery practice at our institution.

Decomposition abilities and characteristics of pig manure using three insect larvae

Al‐Mekhlafi Fahd A. 한국곤충학회 2022 Entomological Research Vol.52 No.10

This study investigated the effects of three insect larvae on decomposition abilities and survival rates in Experiment 1 or on pH, total nitrogen, total carbon, and C/N ratio in Experiment 2. A total of hatched 7,500 Tenebrio molitor (TM) larvae, hatched 501 Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (PBS) larvae, and hatched 15,000 Ptecticus tenebrifer (PT) larvae were randomly subjected to three treatments with three replicates. The treatments were as follows: (1) TM, 5,000 g pig manure + 250 g TM larvae; (2) PBS, 5,000 g pig manure + 250 g PBS larvae; and (3) PT, 5,000 g pig manure + 250 g PT larvae. In Experiment 1, there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the decomposition abilities of the pig manure from the three insect larvae-treated groups for 15–30 days. No significant differences in survival rates were observed for any of the in all treatments over time. Decomposition ability and survival rates in pig manure were higher in the PT larvae group than in the PBS and PT larvae groups. In Experiment 2, three insect larvae-treated pig manure treatments had an effect on total nitrogen for 20 and 30 days, total carbon for 10 and 30 days, and C/N ratio for 20 and 30 days. Thus, our results suggest that the three insect larvae have the ability to decompose pig manure to increase for increasing survival rates or might represent a valuable alternative as organic fertilizer, which could increase the total nitrogen content and decrease C/N ratio.