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Fabienne DARLING-WOLF Ewha Womans University Press 2003 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.9 No.3
Employing an ethnographic methodology, this paper examines how women living in a small Japanese village negotiated the tension between capitalist modernity and cultural constructions of Japanese "tradition," identified by scholars as a central component of Japanese cultural identity. It argues that women are a particularly interesting group to focus on for such an investigation because of their frequent positioning as keepers of tradition and because of the perception of western influence as potentially liberating. It maintains that Japanese women are particularly aware of the losses and gains occasioned by Japan's spectacular entry into global geopolitics over the course of the second half of the 20th Century. The often contradictory and ambiguous feelings informants expressed in the course of this study demonstrate the complex process of negotiation currently taking place in Japan, as individuals come to term with the fast evolving nature of their cultural environment.
Recent Progress in the Medical Therapy of Pituitary Tumors
Fabienne Langlois,Shirley McCartney,Maria Fleseriu 대한내분비학회 2017 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.32 No.2
Management of pituitary tumors is multidisciplinary, with medical therapy playing an increasingly important role. With the exception of prolactin-secreting tumors, surgery is still considered the first-line treatment for the majority of pituitary adenomas. However, medical/pharmacological therapy plays an important role in controlling hormone-producing pituitary adenomas, especially for patients with acromegaly and Cushing disease (CD). In the case of non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFAs), pharmacological therapy plays a minor role, the main objective of which is to reduce tumor growth, but this role requires further studies. For pituitary carcinomas and atypical adenomas, medical therapy, including chemotherapy, acts as an adjuvant to surgery and radiation therapy, which is often required to control these aggressive tumors. In the last decade, knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms of various pituitary adenomas has increased, thus novel medical therapies that target specific pathways implicated in tumor synthesis and hormonal over secretion are now available. Advancement in patient selection and determination of prognostic factors has also helped to individualize therapy for patients with pituitary tumors. Improvements in biochemical and “tumor mass” disease control can positively affect patient quality of life, comorbidities and overall survival. In this review, the medical armamentarium for treating CD, acromegaly, prolactinomas, NFA, and carcinomas/aggressive atypical adenomas will be presented. Pharmacological therapies, including doses, mode of administration, efficacy, adverse effects, and use in special circumstances are provided. Medical therapies currently under clinical investigation are also briefly discussed.
( Fabienne G M Smeets ),( Daniel Keszthelyi ),( Nicole D Bouvy ),( Ad A M Masclee ),( Jose M Conchillo ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.2
Background/Aims In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), an increased esophagogastric junction (EGJ) distensibility has been described. Assessment of EGJ distensibility with the endoscopic functional luminal imaging probe (EndoFLIP) technique might identify patients responsive to transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF), whereas postoperative measurement of EGJ distensibility might provide insight into the antireflux mechanism of TIF. Therefore, we investigated the value of the EndoFLIP technique in GERD patients treated by TIF. Methods Forty-two GERD patients underwent EGJ distensibility measurement before TIF using the EndoFLIP technique. In a subgroup of 25 patients, EndoFLIP measurement was repeated both postoperative and at 6 months follow-up. Treatment outcome was assessed according to esophageal acid exposure time (AET; objective outcome) and symptom scores (clinical outcome) 6 months after TIF. Results Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative EGJ distensibility (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.03-0.78; P = 0.023) and preoperative AET (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.42-0.90; P = 0.013) were independent predictors for objective treatment outcome but not for clinical outcome after TIF. The best cut-off value for objective outcome was 2.3 mm2/mmHg for preoperative EGJ distensibility and 11% for preoperative AET. EGJ distensibility decreased direct postoperative from 2.0 (1.2-3.3) to 1.4 (1.0-2.2) mm2/mmHg (P = 0.014), but increased to 2.2 (1.5-3.0) at 6 months follow-up (P = 0.925, compared to preoperative). Conclusions Preoperative EGJ distensibility and preoperative AET were independent predictors for objective treatment outcome but not for clinical outcome after TIF. According to our data, the EndoFLIP technique has no added value either in the preoperative diagnostic work-up or in the post-procedure evaluation of endoluminal antireflux therapy. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:255-264)
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity against Salmonella Enteritidis
Gaëlle Legendre,Fabienne Faÿ,Isabelle Linossier,Karine Vallée-Réhel 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.3
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a well-known pathogenic bacterium responsible for human gastrointestinal enteritis mainly due to the consumption of eggs and egg-products. The first aim of this work was to study several virulence factors of a strain isolated from egg content: SEovo. First, bacterial growth was studied at several temperatures and cell morphology was observed by scanning electronic microscopy. These experiments showed Salmonella’s ability to grow at low temperatures and to produce exoproducts. Next, Salmonella motility was observed performing swimming, twitching, and swarming tests. Results indicated a positive flagellar activity and the cell ability to differentiate and become hyperflagellated under specific conditions. Moreover, SEovo adherence and biofilm formation was carried out. All of these tests enabled us to conclude that SEovo is a potential pathogen, thus it can be used as a model to perform antibacterial experiments. The second part of the study was dedicated to the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of different molecules using several methods. The antibacterial effect of silver and copper aluminosilicates was tested by two different kinds of methods. On the one hand, the effect of these two antibacterial agents was determined using microbiological methods: viable cell count and agar-well diffusion. And on the other hand, the antibacterial activity was evaluated using CLSM and SYTO Red/SYTOX Green dyeing. CLSM allowed for the evaluation of the biocide on sessile cells, whereas the first methods did not. Results showed that adhered bacteria were more resistant than planktonic counterparts and that CLSM was a good alternative to evaluate antibacterial activity on fixed bacteria without having to carry out a removing step.
Christine Cohidon,Fabienne Imhof,Laure Bovy,Priska Birrer,Jacques Cornuz,Nicolas Senn 대한예방의학회 2019 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.52 No.5
Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe general practitioners (GPs)’ opinions and practices of preventive care and patients’ opinions, attitudes, and behaviors towards prevention. Methods: The data stemmed from a cross-sectional national survey on prevention conducted in Switzerland from 2015 to 2016. In total, 170 randomly drawn GPs and 1154 of their patients participated. The GPs answered an online questionnaire and the patients answered a questionnaire administrated by fieldworkers present at their practices. Results: Both patients and GPs agreed that delivering preventive care is the dedicated role of a GP. It appeared that beyond classical topics of prevention such as cardiovascular risk factors, other prevention areas (e.g., cannabis consumption, immunization, occupational risks) were scarcely covered by GPs and reported as little-known by patients. In addition, GPs seemed to use a selective approach to prevention, responding to the clinical context, rather than a systematic approach to health promotion. The results also highlight possibilities to improve prevention in family medicine through options such as more supportive tools and public advertising, more time and more delegated tasks and, finally, a more recognized role. Conclusions: Despite an unfavorable context of prevention within the healthcare system, preventive care in family medicine is reasonably good in Switzerland. However, some limitations appear regarding the topics and the circumstances of preventive care delivery. A global effort is needed to implement necessary changes, and the responsibility should be broadened to other stakeholders.
Nathan VANDEPUTTE,Fabienne BOSSUYT 연세대학교 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2017 Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International D Vol.8 No.1
There is consensus in the literature that the European Union (EU) influences the integration processes in Africa, including the East African Community (EAC), through the promotion of its norms and own understanding of integration. With regard to the EAC, the EU promotes a liberal narrative of progressive trade opening and economic liberalization, with a focus on making trade work through infrastructure development (mainly road building) and functional institutions. However, existing research is predominantly EU-centered, and therefore does not take into account the perceptions of the various local stakeholders or it limits itself to the study of the elite, thereby ignoring the internal state–society complexes of regional integration. This article seeks to advance the existing literature by examining to what extent local actors—state and non-state—in Uganda consent with the EU’s promotion of regional integration in its relations with the EAC. This article finds that consent differs from actor to actor and consent differs according to the substance of the EU promotion of regional integration of the EAC, namely infrastructure or institutions.
Intrinsic measurement errors for the speed of light in vacuum
Braun, Daniel,Schneiter, Fabienne,Fischer, Uwe R Institute of Physics 2017 Classical and quantum gravity Vol.34 No.17
<P>The speed of light in vacuum, one of the most important and precisely measured natural constants, is fixed by convention to <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$c=299\, 792\, 458$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0264-9381/34/17/175009/cqgaa8058ieqn001.gif'/> m <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\rm s}^{-1}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0264-9381/34/17/175009/cqgaa8058ieqn002.gif'/>. Advanced theories predict possible deviations from this universal value, or even quantum fluctuations of <I>c</I>. Combining arguments from quantum parameter estimation theory and classical general relativity, we here establish rigorously the existence of lower bounds on the uncertainty to which the speed of light in vacuum can be determined in a given region of space-time, subject to several reasonable restrictions. They provide a novel perspective on the experimental falsifiability of predictions for the quantum fluctuations of space-time.</P>