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- 저자 : Ewa (검색결과 86 건)
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( Ewa Gyrczuk ),( Aneta Nitsch Osuch ),( Katarzyna Zycinska ),( Kazimierz Wardyn ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Despite having no higher attack rate than in younger adults, infl uenza`s effects are more signifi cant in older adults. It has been recognized for many years that people 65 years and older are at greater risk of serious complications from infl uenza compared with young, healthy adults. There is a limited literature on the vaccination coverage rates in Central Eastern European countries, including Poland. The aim of the study was to describe the infl uenza vaccine coverage among the Polish elderly aged > 65 years in a fi ve years period 2008-2012- in a general population and in a single primary care setting. Methods: The retrospective analysis of infl uenza vaccine coverage among patients older than 65 years from a single primary care clinic was conducted. The payment of infl uenza vaccine for the elderly was provided by a local goverment. The inactivated trivalent split vaccine was used for all vaccinated patients. Patients were informed about the free infl uenza vaccines by standing posters at the clinic. Age and sex distribution of patients who decided to be vaccinated against infl uenza was described as well as the willingness to repeat the vaccination during consecutive seasons. The vaccine coverage rate was calculated as a percentage of vaccinated individuals among all patients over the age of 65 years. Results: In the analyzed period, 2008-2012, the infl uenza vaccine coverage among the elderly in a general Polish population ranged from 7,6% (in 2012 ) to 11,3% (in 2009). In a single primary care setting the infl uenza vaccine coverage rate among seniors was the highest one in 2010 (31,56%) and the lowest one in 2012 (21%). Generally, less than 50% of vaccine doses were given every year to the elderly. Conclusions: Infl uenza vaccine coverage among Polish elderly is on stagnating low level.
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Evaluation of sweet cherry fruit quality after short-term storage in relation to the rootstock
Ewa Dziedzic,Jan Błaszczyk 한국원예학회 2019 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.60 No.6
Fruits of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Regina’ collected from trees growing on seven rootstocks were stored in a cold room at 2 °C with a normal (NA) and controlled atmosphere (15% and 20% CO2 and 5% O2—CA1 and CA2) for 2 weeks. The rootstocks on which the trees grew and the storage conditions significantly affected all fruit parameters tested during both years of the experiment. Fruit from Damil rootstock exhibited higher mean firmness than fruit from Colt rootstock. The effect of rootstocks on the value of soluble solids content (SSC) varied, wherein the fruits from Tabel Edabriz and Damil were characterized by high SSC mean content. The organic acids content (TA) was significantly lower after storage than during harvest time. Fruits from Tabel Edabriz trees were characterized by faster ripening, as was evident by the higher SSC to TA ratio. The amount of mass lost depended significantly and only on the storage conditions—sweet cherries from both CA combinations had the lowest mass losses. The percentage of fruits showing disease symptoms was largely dependent on the weather conditions in the orchard the year before the fruit harvest, as well as atmosphere composition and RH during fruit storage. Cold storage conditions with a high (20%) CO2 content are recommended for the short-term storage of sweet cherry fruits because they preserve fruit quality parameters: a low decrease in firmness, maintenance of a high SSC/TA ratio, a low percent of fungal infections, and good preservation of green color in the peduncle.
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Extremal configurations of three or four symmetries on a Riemann surface
Ewa Kozlowska-Walania 대한수학회 2019 대한수학회보 Vol.56 No.1
We consider Riemann surfaces with three or four symmetries, assuming that they have a maximal total number of ovals and find all the possible topological types of the symmetries realizing such a configuration.
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Relationship between sensory attributes and volatile compounds of polish dry-cured loin
Ewa Gorska,Katarzyna Nowicka,Danuta Jaworska,Wieslaw Przybylski,Krzysztof Tambor 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.5
Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the relationship between objective sensory descriptors and volatile flavour compound composition of Polish traditional dry-cured loin. Methods: The volatile compounds were investigated by using solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). For sensory assessment, the quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) method was used. Results: A total of 50 volatile compounds were found and assigned to 17 chemical families. Most of the detected volatile compounds derived from smoking, lipid oxidative reactions and seasoning (46.8%, 21.7%, and 18.9%, respectively). The dominant compounds were: aromatic hydrocarbon (toluene); alkanes (hexane, heptane, and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane); aldehyde (hexanal); alcohol (2-furanmethanol); ketone (3-hydroxy-2-butanone); phenol (guaiacol); and terpenes (eucalyptol, cymene, γ-terpinen, and limonene). Correlation analysis showed that some compounds derived from smoking were positively correlated with the intensity of cured meat odour and flavour and negatively with the intensity of dried meat odour and flavour, while terpenes were strongly correlated with odour and flavour of added spices. Conclusion: The analysed dry-cured loins were characterized by specific and unique sensory profile. Odour and flavour of studied loins was mainly determined by volatile compounds originating from smoking, seasoning and lipid oxidation. Obtained results suggest that smoking process is a crucial stage during Polish traditional dry-cured loins production.
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Sposoby wyrażenia niedostatku materialnego w polskiej leksyce i frazeologii
Ewa Młynarczyk 한국슬라브어학회 2015 슬라브어연구 Vol.20 No.2
The article is an attempt at answering the question which linguistic means in contemporary Polish language convey the meaning ‘material deprivation’ or ‘to find oneself in material hardship’. The resource base of the article includes lexemes and phraseologisms excerpted from dictionaries of general Polish language, dictionaries of synonyms and antonyms, as well as phraseological dictionaries. Lexical linguistic means which refer to material hardship comprise above all: the noun poverty (bieda) and its synonyms, e.g. golizna, nędza, niedostatek, ubóstwo (material deprivation, hardship, impoverishment, pennilessness), verbs which illustrate the situation of material deprivation as a longlasting state (e.g. biedować, wegetować – to live in poverty) or the ones which denote the process of reaching this state (e.g. biednieć – to become poor, bankrutować - to go bankrupt). Phraseological resources which refer to material hardship are created by: - word combinations with the noun ‘poverty’ (bieda), less frequently ‘abject poverty’ (nędza), e.g. bieda aż piszczy – ‘severe poverty’ (literally: poverty is squealing) - word combinations with adjectives biedny ‘poor’ (biedny jak mysz kościelna – as poor as a church mouse ‘very poor’), goły ‘broke’ (goły, ale wesoły broke but happy) and chudy ‘lean’ (chude lata lean times). - word combinations which do not contain a component unambiguously associated with poverty, but rather metaphorically demonstrate reality connected with material hardship: lack of food (nie mieć co do garnka włożyć – literally: not to have anything to put in the pot), shortage of clothes (zostać w jednej koszuli – to have one shirt left) or poor condition of clothing (świecić gołymi piętami – to have bare feet), lack of money (nie mieć grosza przy duszy – not to have a penny), homelessness (nie mieć dachu nad głową – not to have a roof above one’s head), poor hygiene (brud, smród and ubóstwo – dirt, stink abject poverty), diseases (pędzić żywot suchotniczy – to lead a tuberculotic life), as well as the necessity to limit one’s own needs (gonić resztkami – to live off leftovers). A difficult material situation can also be expressed by means of phraseologisms which in their imagery do not contain references to symptoms of material deprivation connected with other fields of life, e.g. craft: ledwie/ z trudem wiązać koniec z końcem (hardly make ends meet), cienko prząść (to feel the pinch), cienko śpiewać (to live from hand to mouth). The repertoire of means expressing poverty in contemporary Polish language does not change, but rather becomes narrowed down, at least in the language of the younger generation.
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( Ewa Gyrczuk ),( Aneta Nitsch Osuch ),( Katarzyna Zycinska ),( Kazimierz Wardyn ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Infi uenza is a serious clinical and epidemiological problem. The diseases is transmitted by droplet or contact way, outbreaks of the diseases were reported among patients of nursing homes. Vaccination is the most effective preventive activity. The aim of the study was to describe the infi uenza vaccine coverage among patients of a chosen nursing home in Pruszkow (Poland). Methods: The analysis of medical documentation of 86-94 residents aged 4-70 yearswas conducted. The analyzed period was 2008-2012. Age distribution of residents was: patients younger than 18 years-11%, aged 19-30 - 13%, aged 31-50 - 25%, older than 50 years - 51%. Most residents (45%) were diagnosed as severe retarded, 11% - mild retarded, 19% - moderate retarded, 25% - very severe retarded. Results: Every year 100% of residents were vaccinated against infi uenza. The vaccine was well tolerated-no side effects were reported. Conclusions: The infi uenza vaccine coverage rate in this particular nursing home was ideally high and should be followed by other nursing homes in Poland.
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Income Inequalities in the European Union: Norm or Crisis?
( Ewa Rokicka ) 한국EU학회 2016 Asia-Pacific Journal of EU Studies Vol.14 No.2
The aim of this article is to analyse the level of income inequality in the European Union based on the Gini coefficient index, income quintile ration and poverty rate. The author has attempted to answer to the following questions: Has the existing social inequality been deepened or levelled as a result of the emergence of the economic recession in 2008? Whether and to what extent the redistribution of income reduced inequality?, and What consequences for the social structure may result from changes in inequality? Quoted data shows that there exist disparities in income distribution in the EU, with the lowest and highest rates reached by both, the developed economies and the developing economies, as well as those countries whose economic situation deteriorated significantly as a result of the financial crisis. It is therefore difficult to talk about the strong impact of the crisis on the significant deterioration of the financial situation of population and increase of the economic stratification of the EU societies, based on the Gini and the S80/20 quintile share ratio. The article provides data illustrating the fact the countries best coping with the problem of inequality are those which implement effective redistribution. The results of studies presented suggest that the growing wealth inequality in advanced economies is largely driven by the growing concentration of wealth at the top, which, combined with increasing poverty at the bottom leads to the erosion of the middle class.
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