Vision System을 이용한 PCB 검사 매칭 알고리즘

안응섭,장일용,이재강,김일환 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.B

According as the patterns of PCB (Printed Circuit Board) became denser and complicated, quality and accuracy of PCB influence the performance of final product. It's attempted to obtain trust of 100% about all of parts. Because human inspection in mass-production manufacturing facilities are both time-consuming and very expensive, the automation of visual inspection has been attempted for many years. Thus, automatic visual inspection of PCB is required. In this paper, we used an algorithm which compares the reference PCB patterns and the input PCB patterns are separated an object and a scene by filtering and edge detection. And than compare two image using pattern matching algorithm. We suggest an defect inspection algorithm in PCB pattern, to be satisfied low cost, high speed, high performance and flexibility on the basis of 640×480 binary pattern.

제7차 초등 사회과 교과서에 나타난 사진자료 분석 : 인간과 공간 영역을 중심으로 In the Case of Human Being and Spatial Field

황홍섭,김응교 부산교육대학교 교육대학원 2003 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

Photo resources as learning materials should be significant ones in social studies which contain the theoretical background of the 7th Education Curriculum. In other words, photo resources good for activity-centered and experience-centered learning would not be supplementary resources added to the content of the text. but should be research-type substitutional resources of the text. In addition, in terms of the size of resources, arrangement clarity, learners' developmental levels and interest. suggestibility of photo resources, photo resources make learners enhance their thinking ability through research activity and should include vivid social events that lead to improve the quality of life by problem solving. In order to assure reliability in selecting photo resources and appropriateness of resources. it requires systematic support such as social studies' photo production subcommittee for qualitative improvement of photos in the elementary school social studies textbooks. In particular, synthetic, systematic, foundational study would be essential in the organization of contents of the new textbook by the 8th education curriculum.

On some properties of G-Sets Category

한응섭 경성대학교 1982 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.3 No.1

In this paper we study the followings: (ⅰ). T : G-Sets→Sets is a functor. (ⅱ). A functor T: G-Sets→Sets is faithful. (ⅲ). Suppose that F₁,F₂: C(G)→Sets are functors and f : F₁→F₂is a morphism of functors. Then the function f : F₁(G)→F₂(G) is a morphism of G-Sets. (ⅳ). A functor α: (C(G), Sets)→G-Sets is an equivalence of categories.

위수가 pⁿm인 꼴의 유한군에 관하여

韓應燮 경성대학교 1983 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.4 No.2

In this paper we study the following: If G is order Pⁿm, where m<2p and p is prime, then G has a normal subgroup of order Pⁿ or Pⁿ??.

R 의 位相的 性質에 關하여

한응섭 경성대학교 1982 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.3 No.1

本 論文에서는 다음과 같은 性質들을 硏究했다. 1. ??의 compact 部分集合들의 族F가 ??를 cover한다면 ??>??이다. 2. ??의 部分集合이 compact일 必要充分條件은 有界이고 閉集合이다. 3. 모든 projection의 集合 {??/??A}가 M上에서 equiclose이면 M은 metrizable이다. In this paper, we study the following: 1. If the family of compact subsets of ?? covers ??, then ??>??. 2. The subset of ?? is compact if and only if it is bounded and closed. 3. It the set of all projection{??/?? A} is equiclose on M, then it is metrizable.

ON THE UNIQUE FACTORIZATION DOMAIN

韓應燮 경성대학교 1985 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.6 No.2

해당자료없음.

On Some Local Properties of a Ring

韓應燮 慶星大學校 1983 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.4 No.3

In this paper, we study the followings; (Ⅰ) If A is a principal ring, then Ap is principal, (Ⅱ) If A is a UFD, then S??A is a UFD, (Ⅲ) If the local ring Ap has no nilpotent element ≠O, then A has no nilpotent element ≠O,

安定基調定着을 위한 「인플레」對策 方向 : 微視的 産業別 approach

沈京燮,金應震 단국대학교 1983 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

With the steady enforcement of the Five-Year Plans for Economic Development, the Korean Economy has grown rapidly in volume and structure. However, the rate of increase of the Wholesale Price Index(WPI) or the Consumer Price Index(CPI) has proved to the high caused by core, demand-pull and cost-push inflation. The primary purpose of this study is to develop stabilization measures by industry, based on methods of price compilation. First, in the mining and manufacturing sector, market structure was constituted to the pattern of monopoly and oligopoly and the market power was concentrated in the process of high growth and in A study of the wholesale price changes over 1973―1975, price changes was higher in the concentrated industries than in the competitive or less concentrated industries. Thus in the mining and manufacturing industry, effective anti-inflation policy is to control administered-prices and build up workable-competition. Second, as the stable countermeasures of the price of agricultural products. We must rearrange circulation channels, widen domestic production base and apply saving for emergency system moderately. Third, in order to induce the appropriate level of rise in service goods, government must improve productivity of the public enterprise and regulate estate prices, especially, apartment price and rent. Finally, to concrete recent price stability basis, inflation expectation mentality should be abolished and a great austerity in the living is required.

활액막 절제 및 십자인대 절단후 관절연골 변화에 관한 실험적 연구

강응식,장준섭 최신의학사 1975 最新醫學 Vol.18 No.9

Mature articular cartilage is an aneural, avascular, and alymphatic specialized form of tissue 1, 2. 6, 9, 12, 14, 15, 16, 20, 25, :0). The initial degeneration of articular cartilage may occur spontaneously with normal wear and tear in aging cartilage, or it may occur in articular cartilage that has been damaged by the local conditions, such as injury or synovectomy. It is the purpose of this report to study the ultrastructural and light microscopical appearance of the articular cartilage after synovectomy and cutting the cruciate ligaments of rabbits. Thirty young rabbits each weighing about 2.0kg were used for the experimental study and the animals were sacrificed at time intervals of 3, 7,14.28, and 42 days respectively after the synovectomy or cutting the cruciate ligaments. The tissue were decalcified and prepared by standard paraffin embedding procedure and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histologic observation. For electron microscopy, the specimen fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde for 4 hours and postfixed for 2 hours at 4°C with 1% osmium tetraoxide in 0. 1 M phosphate buffer with pH 7.426). All tissues were dehydrated in graded alcohol and embedded in Epon 812 according to standard procedures. They were cut into section of 500 ? with a glass knife. The sections were mounted on copper grids, stained with uranyl acetate and lead hydroxide and observed with the Hitachi 11-E Electron Microscope. The results of the light and electron microscopic findings are as follows; 1. The degeneratve changes of the articular cartilage were appeared after 7 days and became increasingly severe in later samples in the groups of synovectomy. But the degenerative changes of the articular cartilage obtained 6 weeks after synovectomy in light microscope were not severe. 2. The degenerative changes of the articular cartilage were appeared after 7 days and became increasingly severe in later samples in the group of the cutting the cruciate ligaments. 3. By the electron microscopic findings, the degenerative changes of the articular cartilage were appeared after 1 week and continued steadily up to 6 weeks in the group of synovectomy. And the degenerative changes of the articular cartilage in the group of the cutting the cruciate ligaments were severe in degree comparing to the group of synovectomy.

지속적 외래 복막투석 환자에서 복막염과 출구감염의 임상상 및 위험인자에 관한 임상적 고찰

최영환,김응석,김용섭,이정호 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

지속적 외래복막투석(CAPD)은 전세계적으로 말기 신부전 환자에서 널리 시행되고 있는 신대체 요법으로 지속적으로 증가하는 추세이다. 하지만 복막투석에 대한 이해, 수술 기법의 발달, 연결 기구와 도관에 대한 끊임없는 개발에도 불구하고 복막염과 도관 관련 합병증 등은 아직도 중요한 문제로 남아 있으며 복막투석의 실패 원인의 대부분을 차지하고 있으나 복막염과 출구감염의 위험 인자에 대한 보고는 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 저자들은 1994년 4월부터 1998년 12월까지 동국대학교 경주병원 신장내과에서 CAPD를 시행한 말기 신부전증 환자 51명을 대상으로 복막염과 출구감염의 임상상 및 위험인자에 대한 후향적 조사를 시행하였다. 복막염의 발생빈도는 환자당 0.73회/년 이었고 57.3%에서 원인균이 배양되었으며 동정된 균으로는 Staphylococcus aureus(20.4%), Staphylococcus epidemidis(14.9%), Steptococcus species(11.2%) 순 이었고 전체적으로 그람양성 균주가 68%, 복합 균주가 배양된 경우가 17.1% 였다. 복막염의 치료 결과는 항생제로만 치유된 경우가 83.4%, 도관제거 14.8%, 사망 1.8%였고 외래 치료가 44.4%, 입원하여 치료한 경우가 55.6% 였다. 위험인자에 대한 비교에서는 50세 이하환자에서 0.88 회/년, 51세 이상에서 1.21 회/년으로 고령군에서 더 높았으며(p=0.043) 활동성이 있는 군과 없는 군은 각각 0.78회/년, 1.21 회/년으로 활동성이 없는 군에서 더 높았으며(p=0.044) 직업이 없는 군에서 1.12 회/년, 직업이 있는 군에서 0.93 회/년으로 직없이 없는 군에서 발생빈도가 더 높았다(p=0.041). 또한 당뇨군에서는 연평균 1.22 회/년, 비당뇨군에서는 0.99 회/년으로 당뇨군에서 더 발생빈도가 높았고( p=0.039), 출구 감염이 있는 군에서 1.19 회/년,없는 군에서 9.98 회/년으로 출구감염이 있는 군에서 더 발생빈도가 높았다(p=0.047). 그 외 성별, 학력, 거주지, 투석액의 종류 및 도관 종류에서는 통계적 의의가 없었다. 출구감염은 환자당 0.37 회/년의 발생빈도 및 88.6%의 원인균 배양율을 보였으며, 동정된 균으로는 Staphylococcus aureus(34.3%), Staphylococcus epidermidis(17.1%), Sterptococcus species (8.6%) 순 이었고 전체 63개의 도관중 21개(33.3%) 제거되었으며 가장 많은 원인은 복막염 8예(38.1%) 와 출구감염 6예(28.6%)였다. 출구감염에 영향을 주는 인자에 대한 분석에서는 농촌에 거주하는 경우, 당뇨병이 있는 경우, Tenckhoff 카테터를 사용하는 경우에 다소 빈도가 높은 것으로 나타났으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었고 그 외에 나이, 성별, 활동성, 직업의 유무, 학력과도 연관성이 없었다. 이상의 결과로 CAPD 시행 시 환자선정에 있어 나이, 당뇨병 유무, 거주지, 직업 등의 인자를 특히 고려하여 시행해야 할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : CAPD has established itself as an effective therapeutic modality as hemodialysis or renal transplantation in the treatment of patients with end stage renal disease. Although much progress of technology of CAPD has been made, peritonitis or catheter-related complications are still important problem until now. Therefore, we investigated about risk factors which are related to peritonitis and exit infection in CAPD patients. Methods : We analysed retrospectively the clinical results of 51 patients on CAPD at Dongguk University Kyoung-ju Hospital from April 1994 to December 1998. Results : 1) There were 31 male and 20 female patients who are 28 to 79 age-old(mean age 55.4±11 years). 2) Underlying disorders of CAPD patients were diabetic nephropathy(33.3%), hypertensive nephrosclerosis(27.5%) and glomerulonephritis(17.7%) 3) The incidence of peritonitis was 0.73/year/patient and peritonitis free interval period was 9.3±1.4 months. The isolation rate of microorganisms from patients with peritonitis was 57.3% and the order of frequency of isolated organims was Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epiermidis, Steptococcus species, Pseudomonas species and Acinetobacter species. The peritonitis was treated with antibiotics only(83.4%), catheter removal(14.8%) and death(1.8%) 4) The incidence of peritonitis was higher in patients with older age(>50yr), DM, exit site infection and without occupation, physical activity according to univariate analysis (p<0.05). 5) The incidence of exit site infection was 0.37/year/patient and the order of frequency of isolated organisms was Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus species, and Pseudomonas species. The statistical analysis for risk factor of exit site infection had no significant value. The exit site infection was treated with antibiotics only(45.7), external cuff externalization(8.6%), external cuff removal(28.6%), and catheter removal(14.8%). 6) 21 of catheters(33.3%) were removed. The peritonitis and exit site infection or tunnel infection were main causes of catheter removal. The catheter survival rate was 82%, 73%, 68% and 50% at one, two, three and four years, respectively. Mean survival time of all catheters was 39.3±1.4 months. 7) The causes of death were most frequently cardiac disease(28.4%), followed by vascular disease(14.4%), malignancy(14.4%) and infections(14.4%). The patient survival rate was 92%, 82%, 78% and 70% at one, two, three and four years, respectively. Mean survival time of all patients was 61.2±1.8 months. Conclusion : Although CAPD is an effective therapeutic modality in the treatment of patients with end stage renal disease, CAPD peritonitis and exit site infection are the most important pitfalls of CAPD. From the above results, we can know that the risk factors significantly affecting the incidence of peritonitis were old age, no occupation, no physical activity, DM, and exit site infection. Therefore, we most consider the risk factors affecting the incidence of peritonitis and exit site infection when we choose the renal replace therapy in end stage renal failure.