정모 두부 방사선 사진 촬영시 Head Posture Aligner의 유용성에 관한 연구

김은희,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.5

본 연구는 natural head posture(NHP)를 이용하여 정모 두부 방사선 규격사진 촬영시 재현도를 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다. 두개 안면부의 기형이 없는 25세 전후의 성인 남녀 30명을 대상으로 통상적인 방법(술자 유도법)과 NHP에서 Head Posture Aligner를 이용한 방법(HPA법)으로 정모 두부 방사선 사진을 각기 2주 간격으로 촬영한 후 5개의 고경 계측항목과 9개의 폭경 계측항목을 선정하여 t 검정으로 각 계측항목의 재현도를 비교하는 한편, 정모와 측모 두부 방사선 사진으로 3차원 상을 합성시 오차의 요인이 되는 두부의 상하 회전 정도 차이를 촬영 방법별로 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.시간 간격을 두고 술자 유도법으로 2회 촬영한 정모 두부 방사선 사진의 계측치는 모든 고경 계측항목에서 서로 차이를 나타내어 낮은 재현도를 보였다. 2.시간 간격을 두고 HPA법으로 2회 촬영한 정모 두부 방사선 사진의 계측치는 모든 고경 계측항목에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않아 재현도가 높음을 보였다. 3.폭경 계측항목의 경우 2회 계측치의 차이를 통하여 살펴 본 재현도에서 술자유도법과HPA방법간에 두드러진 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4.정모 및 측모 두부 방사선사진으로 3차원상을 합성하기 위한 수직적 두부 위치 보정각을 계산한 결과, 술자 유도법의 경우 2.5˚인 반면, HPA법은 0.8˚로 작게 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 정모 두부 방사선 규격 사진 촬영시 두부 위치의 재현도를 증가시키기 위하여 HPA의 사용이 필요함을 시사하였다. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the reproducibility of posteroanterior(PA) cephalograms obtained by two methods, the Head Posture Aligner(HPA) method in natural head posture and the conventional method(operator-guided method), and to compare the vertical rotational differences of the head posture between lateral and PA cephalograms according to the method. The sample was consisted of 30 adults. At first day, a PA cephalogram and a lateral cephalogram were obtained from each subject by two methods to investigate the difference of vertical rotational posture between lateral and PA cephalograms. Two weeks later, another PA cephalogram was obtained using each method to evaluate the reproducibility of head posture. Five height measurements and nine width measurements were used in the paired t-test to compare the reproducibility of the PA cephalometric measurements between two methods. The differences of vertical rotational posture between lateral and PA cephalograms were calculated from a computer program and compared according to the method used, and following results were obtained. 1.Height measurements obtained by operator-guided method showed significant differences according to the time interval and revealed low reproducibility. 2.Height measurements obtained by HPA method did not show significant differences according to the time interval and presented high reproducibility. 3.In the comparison of width measurement, two methods did not show distinct differences in reproducibility. 4.The difference of vertical rotational posture between lateral and PA cephalograms showed 0.8˚in the HPA method, more less than 2.5˚ in the operator-guided method. The results of the present study suggest that the HPA may be helpful in the PA cephalometric radiography in terms of reproducibility.

정모 두부 방사선 사진 촬영시 Head Posture Aligner의 유용성에 관한 연구

김은희,황현식 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study were to evaluate the reproducibility of posteroanterior(PA) cephalograms obtained by two methods, the Head Posture Aligner(HPA) method in natural head posture and the conventional method(operator-guided method), and to compare the vertical rotational differences of the head posture between lateral and PA cephalograms according to the method. The sample was consisted of 30 adults. At first day, a PA cephalogram and a lateral cephalogram were obtained from each subject by two methods to investigate the difference of vertical rotational posture between lateral and PA cephalograms. Two weeks later, another PA cephalogram was obtained using each method to evaluate the reproducibility of head posture. Five height measurements and nine width measurements were used in the paired t-test to compare the reproducibility of the PA cephalometric measurements between two methods. The difference of vertical rotational posture between lateral and PA cephalograms were calculated from a computer program and compared according to the method used, and following results were obtained. 1. Height measurements obtained by operator-guided method showed significant differences according to the time interval and revealed low reproducibility. 2. Height measurements obtained by HPA method did not show significant differences according to the time interval and presented high reproducibility. 3. In the comparison of width measurement, two methods did not show distinct differences in reproducibility. 4. The difference of vertical rotaional posture between lateral and PA cephalograms showed 0.8˚in the HPA method, more less than 2.5˚in the operator-guided method. The results of the present study suggest that the HPA may be helpful in the PA cephalometric radiography in terms of reproducibility.

中國地域 沙漠化와 黃砂現狀에 대한 生態學的 考察

金恩植,김영선,趙學勇 國民大學校 山林科學硏究所 2004 山林科學 Vol.16 No.-

最近 우리나라에서 問題가 되고 있는 黃砂現狀과 그것의 原因이 되고 있는 中國地域 의 沙漠化現狀과 그 硏究史에 대한 生態學的인 考察을 함과 아울러 그에 대한 對應策에 대해서 論議하였다. 沙漠化와 黃砂問題가 發生하는 機作을 提示하고, 그에 대한 對應方案을 論議하였다. Ecological review was carried out to the issues of desertification and Asian Dusts Phenomenon, which are becoming serious recent days in the region of Northeast Asia and discussion was extended to the measures for the issues. The inherent mechanism leading to the desertification and concurrent Asian Dusts Phenomenon and counter measures for the phenomena were suggested.

Conveyor Line에서의 作業편성에 關한 硏究

金丁植,金銀源 전주대학교 산업경영연구소 1990 産經論叢 Vol.- No.7

The purpose of the thesis is to understand improving the present state in Assebly Line. After applying to Industrical Engineering in order to improve the productivity. So, A method of study was 1. Being taked a V.T.R and All operate of conveyor Assembly Line(B Line) became the subject. After the time was measured. 2. While the time of operate, unnecessary movement course was removed. And Picth Diagram was made out. 3. Being managede the picth Diagram. doing the worker allotment. And being raised the efficiency. The result was A sample Assembly Line work composition was set up. Therefore, by all means being raised adantable ability. The effect was raised productive elevation(33%).

K 大學 病院 患者의 病院 選擇 動機 分析

南銀祐,朴昌式,安熙都,徐判洙 高神大學校 保健科學硏究所 1991 보건과학연구소보 Vol.1 No.-

The subject hospital is a Christian health care institution which is a 720 beds university hospitals and has been providing health care services and outpatient services located in Pusan, since its foundation in 1950. The purpose of this study is to develop marketing strategy for this University Hospital by identifying factors associated with the patients' attitudes toward their choice and images, with following objectives: 1) to identify patient choice factors 2) to analyze patients' images toward the hospital 3) to compare above informations with other hospitals in Pusan, and 4) to analyze population served with demographic and economic variables. The survey data retrieved from the samples of 140 outpatients and 100 intelligents were analyzed by Chi-square and Mann Whitney U test with the confidence level at less than 0.05. Major findings from the study were as follows: 1) Hospital choice motivation factors a. fovorable factors toward the choice of hospital revealed: (1) good facilities and equipments (50.2%) (2) large hospital (38.4%) (3) recommended by neighbor (35.0%) 2) Hospital image factors a. favorable factors: (1) modern equipments and technology sufficiency (2) friendliness of office employees (3) kindness of doctors b. unfavorable factors: (1) high cost of care (2) long waiting time for clinic examinations and prescription filling (3) traffic inconveniency 3) Comparisons with other hospitals showed disadvantages in the areas of: (1) inpatients are more favorable than outpatients toward good facilities and equipments, friendly doctors and nursing personnel, compared to the (2) unfavorable attitudes toward the long waiting time and impolite nurses, cleanliness, parking space shortage, etc. In reviewing the marketing information analysis, the hospital should carefully review the result, and endeavor toward the improvement of hospital services as well as image building, in regard to those areas showing negative results, in the marketing and strategic planning efforts with unified supports from the entire staffs and employees of the hospital.

樹木의 나이테 分析을 통한 東北아시아 地域에 자라는 樹木의 直徑生長 分析

金恩植 國民大學校 山林科學硏究所 2003 山林科學 Vol.15 No.-

本 연구는 蒙古, 臺灣 및 中國 等 東北아시아地域에 자라고 있는 젓나무類, 잎갈나무類, 잣나무類, 참나무類 및 자작나무類 등 數種의 樹木에 대한 나이테 分析을 통해서 이 樹木들의 直徑生長에 대한 分析을 試圖하였다. Characteristics of radial growth of some tree species such as Abies (fir), Lady (larch), Pinus (pine), Quercus (oak), and Betula (birch) growing in some parts of Northeast Asia such as Mongolia, Taiwan, and China were introduced by tree-ring analysis and interpretation is extended to the characteristics of radial growth of the trees growing in the region.

우리나라 野生花資源의 觀賞的 價値의 評價

金恩植 國民大學校 山林科學硏究所 2002 山林科學 Vol.14 No.-

본 연구를 통해서 우리나라에 분포하는 3,664종류의 야생화자원에 대하여 분류, 명칭, 성상, 용도, 개화기, 꽃색 그리고 꽃의 크기 등에 관한 자료를 정리하여 우리나라에 자라고 있는 야생화자원의 관상적 가치를 평가하였다. 이러한 야생화자원에 관한 자료는 우리나라에 분포하고 있는 야생화의 분류적 가치를 이해하는데 필요한 자료로서 활용될 뿐만 아니라, 우리나라의 야생화에 대한 이용적 가치를 아는데 필요한 기본적인 자료로서 활용될 것이다. Some ornamental characteristics were evaluated for 3,664 Korean wild plants and the information on the classification, names, form, usage, flowering period, flower color, and the size of the flower was summarized for the better understanding of the wildflowers. This information will provide the opportunities for the students to use as a key to recognize and quickly identify the species better.

매니퓰레이터의 조립작업을 위한 비젼시스템 모델 개발

장완식,백은석 한국공작기계학회 1997 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.6 No.2

This paper presents the development of real-time estimation and control details for a computer vision-based robot control method. This is accomplished using a sequential estimation scheme that permits placement of these points in each of the two-dimensional image planes of monitoring cameras. Estimation model is developed based on a model that generalizes known 4-axis Scorbot manipulator kinematics to accommodate unknown relative camera position and orientation, etc. This model uses six uncertainty-of-view parameters estimated by the iteration method. The method is tested experimentally in two ways ; First the validity of estimation model is tested by using the self-built test model. Second, the practicality of the presented control method is verified in performing 4-axis manipulator's assembly task. These results show that control scheme used is precise and robust. This feature can open the door to a range of application of multi-axis robot such as deburring and welding.

교정치료후 중심위 교합이상에 관한 임상적 연구

문은하,황현식 전남대학교 치과대학 1992 전남치대논문집 Vol.4 No.1

If the centric prematurity occurs after orthodontic treatment, it creates centric slide regarded as a possible factor in the cause of temporomandibular disorder and/or postorthodontic relapse. The purpose of this study was to investigate the manner of centric prematurity and centric slide in postorthodontic patients. The 36 orthodontic patients who had been treated with edgewise appliance at least 3 months previously were used in this study. After recording centric relation by the leaf gauge technique, the centric prematurity and centric slide were studied using SAM2 articulator and mandibular position indicator. The results were as follows; 1. The highest percentage of centric prematurities were found on the second molars. 2. The buccal incline of the palatal cusp was the most frequent area of centric prematurities in the maxilla, while the lingual incline of the buccal cusp was the most frequent area in the mandible. 3. There were no trends in the direction of centric slide on the mandibular position indicator. 4. There were no significant differences in centric discrepancies between the premolar extraction and nonextraction group.

몇 가지 항진균제가 Aspergillus fumigatus에 의한 대식세포의 Cytokine 생산에 미치는 영향

권은영,박철민,박선희,최수미,이동건,유진홍,신완식,최정현 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.1

배경 : 현재 임상에서 사용되는 서로 다른 계열의 항진균제가 면역세포인 폐 대식세포(alveolar macrophage)에서의 cytokine 생산과 nuclear factor- κB (NF- κB)활성에 미치는 영향을 시험관내에서 파악하고 그 의미를 추론해 보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : AmB, MF, ITZ 등 세 가지 항진균제가 쥐의 폐 대식세포인 RAW264.7 세포의 생존에 미치는 영향과, 이들 항진균제의 전처치가 Aspergillus fumigatus conidia 자극에 의한 RAW264.7 세포에서의 TNF-α, IL-10 생산, NF-κB 활성에 미치는 영향, 그리고 GMCSF와의 상승 작용 등을 WST-1, ELISA, western blot assay를 이용해 통해 측정하였다. 결과 : AmB, MF, ITZ 모두 농도 의존적으로 RAW264.7 세포의 생존을 감소시켰다. A. fumigatus conidia 자극으로 RAW264.7 세포에서 TNF-α 생산이 증가하였으며, 세포 생존에 영향을 미치지 않는 농도의 AmB를 전처치하고 conidia로 자극한 경우 TNP-α 생산에는 차이를 보이지 않았으나, MF와 ITZ을 전처치한 경우에는 TNF-α 생산이 감소하였다. GM-CSF는 AmB 전처치 및 A. fumigatus conidia 자극에 의한 TNF-α 생산에 상승 효과를 보였으나, MF, ITZ은 GM-CSF에 의한 상승 효과를 보이지 않았다. IL-10은 AmB에 의해 생산량이 증가하였으며 GM-CSF와 동시 투여시 IL-10 생산이 유의하게 상승하였다. MF와 ITZ 역시 RAW264.7 세포에서 IL-10 생산을 유도하였으나 AmB에 비해 상승폭이 적었으며 GM-CSF와의 상승 효과는 관찰되지 않았다. A. fumigatus conidia는 NF- κB를 활성화하였으며 항진균제와 GM-CSF 등 약제 처치에 따른 NF-κB의 활성 정도는 분비된TNF-α와 IL-10의 생산 정도와 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : AmB, MF, ITZ 등 본 연구에 사용된 항진균제는 시험관내에서 A. fumigatus conida로 자극하는 RAW264.7 세포에 전처치함으로써 염증성 cytokine인 TNF-α의 생산을 감소시키고 항염증성 cytokine인 IL-10의 생산을 증가시키는 면역 조절 효과를 나타낼 수 있음이 관찰되었다. 추후 약제간의 면역조절 기능 차이가 항진균효과에 미치는 영향 및 약제에 따른 면역 조절 경로 등에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background : We wanted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of three antifungal agents, amphotericin B (AmB), micafungin (MF), itraconazole (ITZ), in the aspect of cytokine production and expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the Aspergillus fumigatus conidia treated-RAW264.7 cells, a murine alveolar macrophage cell line. Materials and Methods : We evaluated cytotoxic effect of antifungal agents using commercial cell proliferation assay. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 production according to stimulation (control, A. fumigatus conidia only, conidia + antifungal drug, conidia + antifungal drug + GM-CSF) was evaluated and compared each using commercial ELISA method. NF-κB activation was evaluated by western blot analysis. Results : AmB, MF, ITZ showed dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on the tested cells. Stimulation of cells by A. fumigatus conidia induced TNF-α production. Pretreatment of AmB at concentration not affecting cellular survival did not change the production of TNF-α compared to conidia treated cells, but pretreament of MF or ITZ showed reduced amount of TNF-α production compared to conidia treated cells. AmB also showed synergistic effect on TNF-α production when simultaneously treated with GM-CSF. IL-10 production was markedly increased when the cells were treated with AmB with conidia. MF and ITZ induced less increase of IL-10 production than AmB. AmB also showed synergistic effect on the production of IL-10 when treated with GM-CSF simultaneously. A. fumigatus conidia enhanced expression of NF-κB. The degree of NF-κB expression was associated with the amount of TNF-α and IL-10 produced. Conclusion : The antifungal agents we used in this experiment showed that decreased TNF-α production and increased IL-10 production from the RAW264.7 cells stimulated by A. fumigatus conidia after pretreatment of antifungal agents. But more studies, such as the association between immunomodulatory effect, antifungal activity and difference of signal pathway of cellular activation according to drugs should be performed.