전망이론 관점에서 기술수용모델의 해석에 관한 연구 - 음성 AI 비서 서비스 수용자와 비수용자의 비교 중심으로 -

오의택 ( Oh¸ Euitaek ),권규현 ( Kwon¸ Gyu Hyun ) 디자인융복합학회(구.한국인포디자인학회) 2020 디자인융복합연구 Vol.19 No.6

본 연구에서는 불확실성이 높은 혁신 기술의 수용 과정에서의 주요 인지 요인인 지각된 유용성과 복잡성 간의 이득과 손실의 주관적 가치 변화를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 행동경제학의 핵심 이론인 전망이론을 사용자의 행동적 변화를 요구하는 음성 AI 비서 서비스를 수용하는 의사 결정과정에 적용하였다. 이에 620명의 참가자를 대상으로 온라인 설문 조사를 진행하였다. 본 연구 결과, 음성 AI 비서 서비스 사용에 따라 이득 요인인 지각된 유용성의 향상과 손실 요인인 지각된 복잡성이 감소되었다. 비수용자 그룹에서는 수용자 그룹보다 지각된 복잡성이 수용성에 높은 영향력을, 수용자 그룹에서는 비수용자 그룹 대비 지각된 유용성이 상대적으로 수용성에 높은 영향력을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 이러한 연구 결과는 음성 AI 비서 서비스의 UI 설계 시 초기 수용성 확보를 위해 복잡성을 최소화하되, 지속적으로 사용을 유지하기 위해서는 유용성이 높은 UX를 구현하는 UI를 설계하는 것이 중요함을 의미한다. This study investigate the subjective value change of perceived usefulness and complexity in accepting an innovative technology with high uncertainty. To achieve this, prospect theory, a common theory of behavioral economics, is applied to the decision-making process of accepting voice AI assistant service that demands changes in user behavior. An online survey was conducted with 620 participants. As a result, the perceived usefulness(gain factor) was improved and the perceived complexity(loss factor) was decreased by use experience of voice AI assistant service. Also, the perceived complexity of the non-adopter group had a higher influence on acceptance than the adopter group, and perceived usefulness of the adopter group showed a relatively high impact on acceptance compared to the non-adopter group. The results of this study implies the importance of designing the UI for a highly useful UX in order to maintain continuous use while minimizing complexity to secure initial acceptance in designing the UI of the voice AI assistant service.

한국 리얼리티 예능 프로그램 포맷에서의 스토리텔링과 음악의 상관관계 연구 -<무한도전>, <1박2일>, <런닝맨>을 중심으로-

임의택 ( Lim¸ Eui Taek ),윤성혜 ( Yoon¸ Sung-hye ) 한국고등직업교육학회 2014 한국고등직업교육학회논문집 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between storytelling and music in the format of Korean real variety show programs and to shed light on the function and roles of music. The selected programs were three different representative real variety shows on public TV networks that lately enjoyed popularity: < Infinite Challenge >, < 2 Days and 1 Night > and < Running Man >. Before the format of the reality entertainment programs was analyzed, the history of variety shows and the composition methods of the programs were investigated, and the characters of the members who were one of integral elements for storytelling and played crucial roles in the programs were analyzed. Besides, the time composition of the programs and main music for each segment were investigated. The findings of the study were as follows: In the real variety show programs, music was utilized ① to add fun to the programs, ② to facilitate the shift of the flow, ③ to show what the cast members had on their mind, ④ to represent the purpose of the production of the production staff including the producers, and ⑤ to impress viewers. The function of music was to visualize the psychology, ideas, intention and sensitivity of the case members and of the production staff, which were beyond description or couldn't be conveyed through images, in order to make the programs more amusing, humorous and impressive.

The Effects of Aesthetics of Smartphones on Usability and Preference by the Task Factors

Euitaek Oh,Minyong Park 대한인간공학회 2011 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of aesthetics of smartphones on usability and preference by the task factors. Background: Although several studies have focused on the effects of aesthetics on objective usability, correlation between aesthetics and objective usability is ambiguous. Method: Using smartphones which have same functions but different aesthetics, Thirty-six subjects were asked to complete one of 3 types of tasks (inputting information, searching information, enjoying information). Both performance data and subjective measures were recorded. Results: The results showed that high aesthetics had a more positive effect on subjective usability and preference than low aesthetics before and after use. But this differential became smaller after use. High aesthetics led to longer task completion times. But usability was not significantly affected by both task factors and aesthetics. Conclusion: The results suggested that aesthetics may have multiple effects that go beyond affective satisfaction. Application: The finding of this study could be applied to predict effects of aesthetics on usability and preference in usability testing.

Study on Behavioral Characteristics of 3D Touch in Smartphone

Euitaek Oh,Jiyoung Hong,Minhaeng Cho,Jinhae Choi 대한인간공학회 2016 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.35 No.6

Objective:The objective of this study is to identify the difference in the press behavior characteristics of 3D Touch, which is a new touch interaction of smart phones, and the existing ‘Tap and Long Press’ touch interaction, and to examine behavior changes upon feedbacks. Background: Since 3D Touch is similar to the existing ‘Tap and Long Press’ touch interactions in terms of press behavior, which is likely to cause interference, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary study on behavior characteristics of touch interactions. Method: In utilization of smart phones with the 3D Touch function to measure press behavior characteristics of touch interaction, an experiment was conducted where 30 subjects were given a task to press 30 buttons of touch interactions on the screen. During the experiment, two press behavior characteristics―maximum touch pressure and press duration―were analyzed. To grasp changes in behaviors upon feedbacks, the task was carried out in a condition where there was no feedback and in a condition where there were feedbacks of specific critical values. Results: While there was no feedback given, subjects tended to press with much strength (318.98gf, 0.60sec) in the case of 3D Touch, and press the Long Press button for a while (157.12gf, 1.10sec) and press the Tap button with little strength only for a short moment (37.92gf, 0.10sec). 3D Touch and Long Press had an area of intersection in time, but when feedbacks of specific critical values were given, there were behavior calibration effects to adjust the press behavior characteristics of 3D Touch and Long Press. Conclusion: Although interferences are expected between 3D Touch and Long Press due to the similarity of press behaviors, feedbacks induce behavior calibration. Hence, once feedbacks were provided with 3D Touch operated in an appropriate condition of critical pressure, interference between two motions can be minimized. Application: The findings of this study are expected to be utilized as a basis for the values of optimal critical pressure, at which users can easily distinguish 3D Touch from Long Press which is the existing touch interaction.

Overcoming multidrug resistance by activating unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum in cisplatin-resistant A2780/CisR ovarian cancer cells

( Euitaek Jung ),( Dongsoo Koh ),( Yoongho Lim ),( Soon Young Shin ),( Young Han Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2020 BMB Reports Vol.53 No.2

Cisplatin is a widely used anti-cancer agent. However, the effectiveness of cisplatin has been limited by the commonly developed drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to overcome drug resistance using the cisplatin-resistant A2780/CisR ovarian cancer cell model. The synthetic chalcone derivative (E)-3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop- 2-en-1-one (named DPP23) is an ER stress inducer. We found that DPP23 triggered apoptosis in both parental cisplatinsensitive A2780 and cisplatin-resistant A2780/CisR ovarian cancer cells due to activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway in the endoplasmic reticulum. This result suggests that ROSmediated UPR activation is potential in overcoming drug resistance. DPP23 can be used as a target pharmacophore for the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents capable of overcoming drug resistance in cancer cells, particularly ovarian cancer cells. [BMB Reports 2020; 53(2): 88-93]

Bayesian Joint Activity and Channel Estimation for Massive Machine Type Communications

Euitaek Lee,Jinyoup Ahn,Namik Kim,Kwang Bok Lee 한국통신학회 2017 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.6

Characteristics of 3D Touch Error for One-handed operation in Smartphone

Euitaek Oh,Junho Seo,Sanga Kim,Minhyeok Kim,Jiyoung Hong,Minhaeng Cho,Jinhae Choi 대한인간공학회 2016 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

Objective: 본 연구는 스마트폰 한 손 사용 자세에서 임계 압력에 따라 터치 위치 별 3D Touch 누름압력과 오류특성을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. Background: 엄지의 운지 범위가 한정적인 스마트폰 한 손 사용 자세의 특성을 고려하여 해당 자세에서의 3D Touch 사용성 확보를 위한 기초 연구가 필요하다. Method: 30명의 실험 참가자가 3D Touch 임계 압력(150gf, 300gf)이 다르게 설정된 스마트폰의 터치 위치(1열, 2열, 3열, 4열, 5열) 별로 3D Touch 누름 과업을 수행하도록 하였으며, 이 때의 최대 누름압력과 오류율을 측정하였다. Results: 3D Touch 임계 압력이 높게 제공되면 이에 따라 최대 누름 압력도 높아지며 이 때의 오류율도 높아졌다. 터치 위치가 운지 범위에서 멀어지면 최대 누름 압력은 낮아 지지만 오류율은 높아지는 경향을 보였으며, 특히 3D Touch의 임계 압력이 높은 경우(300gf) 운지 범위에서 먼 터치 위치(1열)에서 오류율이 가장 높게 나타났다. Conclusion: 스마트폰 한 손 사용 자세에서는 운지 범위에서 먼 터치 영역은 오류율이 높아져 사용자가 3D Touch를 사용하기 불편한 영역이며, 특히 3D Touch의 임계 압력이 높게 설정된 경우 오류 발생 가능성은 더 높아질 수 있다고 할 수 있다. Application: 한 손 사용 자세를 3D Touch 누름 이전에 감지하여 터치 영역에 따라 3D Touch 임계 압력을 적절하게 보정하여 준다면 3D Touch 사용성 향상하는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Usability Evaluation of Touch Keyboard in Smart Watch Environment

Euitaek Oh,Jinhae Choi,Minhaeng Cho,Jiyoung Hong 대한인간공학회 2016 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.35 No.6

Objective: This study aims to identify the most effective keyboard layout in the area of performance for securing usability in a smart watch-using environment and to verify the usability of touch keyboard calibrated by hand. Background: It is necessary to understand the environmental characteristics in using the smart watch and to secure the usability of touch keyboard based on this understanding in order to take account of the users who use the touch screen in the extreme input conditions caused by the small screen of a smart watch. Method: 30 participants in this study were required to input characters using the QWERTY keyboard and 3x4 keypad (Naratgul, Chunjiin), which were familiar with them, in order to grasp the keyboard layout suitable in the smart watch- using environment; the performance (error rate, performance time) of this case was measured. In addition, 30 participants in this study were required to input the characters setting the QWERTY keyboard with calibrated touch area and the one with uncalibrated touch area, based on the characteristics of touch behavior, by finger typing the keyboard, with the performance (error rate and performance time) of this case measured. Results: QWERTY keyboard (93.3sec) is found to be 31.2% faster than Naratgul keyboard, a kind of 3x4 keypad, and 43.6% faster than Chunjiin keyboard, in the area of efficiency, in the results of the usability evaluation regarding the keyboard layout. QWERTY keyboard with calibrated touch area (7.5%) is found to be 23.5% improved compared to the QWERTY keyboard with uncalibrated touch area (9.8%) in the area of accuracy (error rate). The results of the usability evaluation regarding the QWERTY keyboard with touch area calibrated by finger typing the keyboard and QWERTY keyboard with calibrated touch area (80.7sec) is found to be 5.7% improved compared to QWERTY keyboard with uncalibrated touch area (85.6sec) in the area of efficiency (performance time). Conclusion: QWERTY keyboard is found to have an effective layout in the area of efficiency in the smart watch-using environment, and its improved usability is verified in the areas of accuracy and efficiency in the QWERTY keyboard with a touch area calibrated by finger typing the keyboard. Application: The results of this study may be used to set up the basic touch keyboard of the smart watch. The input usability is expected to secure the smart watch-using environment, which is an extreme input condition by applying QWERTY keyboard with touch area calibrated by finger typing the keyboard.

Usability Comparison of Simple Home and App Drawer Home in Smartphone

Euitaek Oh,Sungmin Kim,Jiyoung Hong,Minhaeng Cho,Jinhae Choi 대한인간공학회 2016 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

Objective: 본 연구는 스마트폰 홈 화면인 기본 홈과 앱서랍 홈의 사용성을 비교하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. Background: 스마트폰 홈 화면에 다수의 앱을 설치하여 사용하는 사용 행태를 고려하여 사용하고자 하는 앱에 빠르게 접근하고 쉽게 관리할 수 있는 것이 중요하다. 정보 공간으로서의 스마트폰 홈 화면을 사용자 친화적인 설계를 하기 위해서는 인간의 인지적 측면에 대한 이해를 기반으로 홈 화면 정보 구조를 설계하는 것이 중요하다. Method: 정보 구조가 다른 기본 홈과 앱서랍 홈에 대해 30명의 안드로이드 폰 및 아이폰 사용자에게 평가하도록 하였다. 각 홈 화면에 대하여 앱 탐색과 앱 삭제 과업을 수행하도록 하였으며, 이 때 수행 시간과 오류 수를 측정하였다. 과업이 완료된 이후에는 설문을 통해 만족도를 평가하도록 하였다. Results: 과업 난이도가 낮은 앱 탐색에서는 기본 홈와 앱서랍 홈의 수행도 차이가 없었지만, 과업 난이도가 높은 앱 삭제에서는 기본 홈이 앱서랍 홈 대비 높은 효율성과 정확성을 보였다. 안드로이드 폰 사용자는 기본 홈과 앱서랍 홈의 만족도 차이가 없었지만, 아이폰 사용자는 익숙한 기본 홈의 만족도가 앱서랍 홈 대비 높았다. Conclusion: 단순한 구조를 지닌 기본 홈은 이중 구조를 지닌 앱서랍 홈 대비 인지적 부담측면에서의 유리함으로 인해 높은 사용성을 보여 스마트폰 홈 화면으로 더욱 효과적이라고 할 수 있다. Application: 본 연구 결과는 스마트폰 홈 화면의 UX 설계 시 참고 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Voice AI Agent의 수용에 지각된 의인화가 미치는 영향 : 성별 및 연령 비교를 중심으로

오의택(Euitaek Oh),권규현(Gyu Hyun Kwon) 한국HCI학회 2020 한국HCI학회 논문지 Vol.15 No.3

AI 기술의 성숙함에 따라 Voice AI 서비스에서의 인간 중심적 접근이 더욱 중요해짐에도 불구하고, 사용자의 사회 정서적 측면에 대한 이해는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 Voice AI Agent 수용에 지각된 의인화, 유용성 및 사용 용이성이 어떻게 작용하는지 알아보고자 하였다. 또한 사용자의 성별 및 연령에 따라 이러한 영향 요인들이 Voice AI agent의 수용에 어떻게 다르게 작용하는지 알아보았다. 온라인 설문 조사가 성인 620명을 대상으로 수행되었다. 그 결과 Voice AI agent 수용에 지각된 유용성 및 사용 용이성뿐만 아니라, 지각된 의인화가 긍정적으로 작용하였으며, 성별 및 연령에 따라 수용 영향 요인이 다르게 작용하였다. 특히 남성 및 연령이 높으면 Voice AI Agent 수용에 지각된 의인화가 상대적으로 높은 영향력을 보였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 Voice AI Agent의 UX 디자인 고도화 및 서비스 차별화에 참고할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. As AI technologies mature, human-centered approach to Voice AI Services is becoming more important. However, understanding of user’s socio-emotional aspect is still insufficient. In this study, we investigate how perceived anthropomorphism, usefulness, and ease of use influence on the acceptance of Voice AI Agent. And we investigate how these factors differently influence on acceptance according to gender and age. An online survey was conducted with 620 adults. As a result, not only perceived usefulness and ease of use, but perceived anthropomorphism also affected positively on acceptance of Voice AI Agent. Moreover, these factors differently influenced acceptance according to gender and age. In particular, perceived anthropomorphism had a relatively higher influence on acceptance of the Voice AI Agent when the user is male and at higher age. We expect that these findings can be referred to improve UX design and differentiate Voice AI services.