트랜시스 싱글 존 모델을 이용한 멀티 존 에너지 해석 방법

전병기(Jeon, Byung?Ki),김의종(Kim, Eui-Jong) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2016 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.5

The purpose of this work is to propose a simple single-zone model for analyzing multi-zone cases. Multi-zone models can be defined directly describing the building plan while important simulation data and careful parameterization are required. In contrast, the single-zone model is set in a very simplified manner, so many engineering projects prefer such a model. However, differences between the two models are not yet well investigated, particularly in a quantitative way, and thus the paper tests the differences and proposes possible methodologies to enhance the single-zone model to be closer to the multi-zone model. Thus, the balcony is modeled in detail to account for the solar double transmitted irradiance via windows at both sides of the balcony. Since the solar transmitted irradiance directly influences building loads, a special attention is required. In addition, the internal walls are taken into account in the single-zone model to keep the similar thermal capacity of multi-zone cases. Results show that the proposed single-zone model predicts very similar annual loads with the reference multi-zone model (about 5% error) while the initial single-zone model without the methodologies is far from the reference model (more than 20% error).

Cone beam형 전산화 단층촬영장치를 이용한 설공의 해부학적 구조

기민우,황의환,이상래 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2004 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.34 No.3

Purpose : To evaluate whether cone beam computed tomography can depict the distribution, position, frequency, relative vertical dimension, and the diameter of the lingual foramen and direction of lingual bone canal. Materials and Methods : Cone beam computed tomography of mandible was performed on 25 males and 25 females with no history of any orthodontic treatments or any other dental surgeries. A statistical comparison was done on the mean values of males and females. Results : In the location and distribution of lingual foramina, median lingual foramen was found in all subjects and lateral lingual foramen in 58%. In the lateral lingual foramen, bilateral type was found in 28% and unilateral type in 30%. In the number of lingual foramina, median lingual foramen had two foramina and lateral lingual foramen had one foramen, mostly. In the relative mean vertical dimension of lingual foramina, median lingual foramen was 0.03 ±0.08, and both lateral lingual foramina was 0.20±0.04. The mean diameter of lingual foramina, median lingual foramen was 0.9mm±0.28, right lateral lingual foramen was 0.92mm±0.23, and left lateral lingual foramen was 0.88 mm±0.27. The most frequent direction of the lingual bone canals, median lingual bone canal proceeded in anteroinferior direction and lateral lingual bone canal in anterosuperolateral direction. Conclusion : Cone beam computed tomography can be helpful for surgery and implantation on the mandibular area. Radiologist should be aware of this anatomical feature and its possible implications.

Y Nd Ba₂Cu₃O 고온 초전도체의 구조와 적외선 투과율에 관한 연구

박기홍,김재욱,김의훈,김채옥 漢陽大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1992 基礎科學論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Y??NdxBa₂Cu₃O?? 고온초전도체의 X-선 회절 분석 과 적외선 투과율 측정은 실온에서 수행되었다. 또한 수송임계 전류밀도는 77K에서 측정되었고, 저항은 80~140K 범위의 온도에서 조사되었으며, 시료들은 고상 반응법에 의해서 제조되었다. 한편 x의 양이 변함에 따라서 전이온도 Tc는 88K 근처의 값을 가지며, 거의 x의 양에 따라 변하지 않았다. 적외선 투과율 측정에서 날카로운 peak들은 472.23~618.87㎝?범위에 있었다. 이것은 특이할 정도로의 low-lying plasmalike edge와 낮은 에너지의 전자적인 여기가 존재함을 나타내는 것이다. 수송임계 전류밀도는 22~92 A/㎠ 범위에 있었다. X-ray pellet diffraction and IR transmittance measurements were been carried out at room temperature. Also the transport critical current density and resistivity of high Tc superconducting Y??NdxBa₂Cu₃O?? system were determined at 77K and in the range of 80~140 K. The sample were prepared by solid state recation. As x varied, the superconducting transition temperature Tc near 88K did not depend on x. In the infrared transmittance measurements, several sharp peaks were observed in the range of 472.33~618.87㎝-1. This indicates that unusual low-lying plasmalike edge and low energy electronic excitation exist. The transport critical current densities determined ranged from 22 to 92A/㎠.

CoMFA 법을 이용한 3-아릴이소퀴놀린 화합물들의 SK-OV-3 암세포에 대한 가상의 약물 작용 수용체 해석

김의기,민선영,정병호,천승훈,최보길,조원제 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2002 약품개발연구지 Vol.11 No.-

We have performed a 3D-QSAR/ CoMFA analysis of the cytotoxiv activities of thirty-five 3-arylisoquinoline derivative against SK-OV-3 tumor cell line. The results suggested that the electrostatic, steric and hydrophobic factors of 3-arylisoquinoline were strongly correlated with the antitumor activity. Considerable predictive ability (cross-validated r2 as high as 0.841) was obtained through CoMFA.

인터넷 공간데이타 전자유통 시스템에 관한 연구 : A Study on the Internet Spatial Data Electronic Distribution System

이기영,서의석,이용수 韓國컴퓨터情報學會 2000 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.5 No.3

최근에 WWW의 등장과 함께 인터넷 사용자가 폭발적으로 증가하고 웹 지리정보시스템의 필요성과 중요성이 크게 대두되어 인터넷을 통한 공간데이타 유통 환경을 구축하기 위하여 여러 기관 등에서 많은 기술개발 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 공간데이타를 인터넷상에서 접근하기 위해서는 WWW상에 공간데이타를 등록하고 필요로 하는 사람에게 판매할 수 있는 공간데이타 전자유통 시스템이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 WWW과 연동하는 공간데이타 전자유통 시스템을 구축하기 위한 효율적인 공간데이타 전주유통시스템의 모델을 설계하고 제시한다. 또한 시스템의 각 모듈에 대한 기능과 구현 방법을 제안한다. Recently, the advent of WWW increased the population of internet users and many institutions are carrying out technical development research to implement spatial data distribution environment via internet because importance of Web Geographic Information System(WGIS) is being increased highly. To be accessed WGIS data. we need Spatial Data Electronic Distribution System(SDEDS) which registers and sell spatial data in WWW. In this paper. we propose and design effective SDEDS to expel spatial data electronic distribution system which is connected WWW. Therefore. we show how to implement and functions of each module.

공기중의 Radon 방사능 측정에 의한 서울 대기의 혼합높이 결정

김의훈,김필수,김채옥,이건상,권기덕 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1985 環境科學論文集 Vol.6 No.-

서울 대기의 혼합높이를 1984년1월부터 4월 사이에 지표고도에서 측정한 ??으로부터 결정하였다. ?? 농도로부터 상당혼합높이를 계산하기 위하여 한 수식 모델을 개발하였다. 이로부터 계산한 상당혼합높이는 늦은 오후에 최고 및 밤 또는 이른 아침에 최저값을 가지며 수 십 미터에서 1킬로미터 또는 그 이상의 높이를 보이는 일변화를 나타냈다. 평균혼합높이는 겨울이 낮았다. 이와 같은 변화는 대기의 안정도, 일조시간, 기온 등 대기의 인자와 밀접한 관계가 있었다. The mixing heigt of the atmosphere in Seoul was determined from the measurement of ?? concentration in air at ground level for January 1984 to April 1984. In order to calculate the equivalent mixing height from ?? concentration, a mathematical model was developed. The equivalent mixing heights calculated from this model showed diurnal variation with the highest values in the late afternoon and the lowest during night hours or early morning ranging from several tens to one thousand meters or more. The average heights represented lower values in the winter. These variations were closely related to the atmospheric factors, such as atmospheric stability, daytime hour, and temperature, etc.

天安 및 忠淸地域의 産婦人科 應急患者에 관한 臨床的 硏究

李元起,朴忠學,朴鎭完,許義宗,李昌益 단국대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

The objective of this study is to analyze clinical evaluation of 313 patients in Obstetrics and Gynecology who visited Emergency Room in Dankook University Hospital from June, 1994 to December, 1994 for the purpose of successful and perfect emergency care of the patients in Obtetrics and Gynecology in Cheonan-Chungcheong District in the futrure. Today, the goal of modern obstetrics is the well-being of both mother and fetus. And there are many gynecologic diseases which lead the female patient to emergency room with the chief complaint of severe abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding, etc. We have of emergency patients, clinical characteristics of the patients, the time of patient's entrance in emergency room, the monthly distribution of visit, the crowding day of visit, the distribution of the patients according to living area, the admission rate, and the management of the patients, etc. Followings are the results summarized : 1. The mean age was 29.8 years(range form 10 to 85). The mean number of gravidity and parity were 2.0 and 1.1 respectively. The mean number of abortion and living child were 1.0 and 1.0 respectively. 2. The most predominant monthly distribution of visit were August and December. 3. The admission rate was 48.2% and the discharge rate was 49.5%. 4. Distribution of department was Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Orthopedics, and Obstetrics & Gynecology, in order. 5. The most crowding day of visit was Sunday(22.0%). The peak time of patint's entrance in emergency room was between 20:00 PM and 24:00 PM(24.3%), and the second peak time was between 16:00 PM and 20:00 PM(21.4). 6. Of 313 patients, 53% were known to live in Cheonan city and Cheonan county. 82.7% were known to live in Chungcheong District. 7. In 151 patients who admitted the ward, 53% were obstetric patients and 47% were gynecologic patients. 8. In 80 obstetric patients of admission, the most common chief complaint was labor pain(76.3%). In 71 gynecologic patients of admission, the incidence of disease was abortion(32.3%), ectopic pregnancy(25.4%), and pelvic inflammatory disease(11.3%), in order. 9. Major operations were performed in 40 patients of 151 admitted patients(26.5%). Minor operations including Dilatation and Curettage were performed in 12 patients(7.6%). 10 In 155 patients of discharge, the incidence of disese was abortion(36 patients), pelvic inflammatory disease(20 patients), false labor(15 patients), and uterine bleeding(11 patients), in order.

貿易賣買에 있어서 危險移轉 時期에 관한 硏究 : F.O.B. 契約과 C.I.F. 契約을 中心으로 under the Contract of F.O.b and C.I.F.

尹基官,宋啓儀 충남대학교 경상대학부설 경영경제연구소 1989 경영논집 Vol.5 No.1

방사선조사가 당뇨 백서의 측두하악관절에 미치는 영향

안기동,황의환,이상래 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2004 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.34 No.2

Purpose : To investigate the histopathological changes in the temporomandibular joint in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat following irradiation. Materials and Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 250 gm were divided into three groups: control, diabetic, and diabetic-irradiated groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats by injecting streptozotocin. Rats in the control group were injected with citrate buffer only. After 5 days, the head and neck region of the rats in diabetic- irradiated group were irradiated with single absorbed dose of 10 Gy. The rats were killed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after irradiation. The specimen including the temporomandibular joint were sectioned and observed using a histopathological method. Results : In the diabetic group, severe bone resorption in the mandibular condyle was observed throughout the period of experiment. Necrosis of bone marrow and trabeculae was observed at 28 days after diabetic state. Atrophy and fibrosis in the retrodiscal tissue was gradually progressed during the time of the experiment. In the diabeticirradiated group, severe bone resorption in the mandibular condyle was observed during the early experimental phases, but regeneration of bone marrow was initiated at 14 days after diabetic state and irradiation. Also, calcification of abnormal trabeculae was observed at 28 days after diabetic state and irradiation. The retrodiscal tissue was degenerated in the early experimental phases, but it had been gradually regenerated during the experimental time. Conclusion : This experiment suggests that bone resorption and degeneration in the mandibular condyle are caused by the induction of diabetes, and abnormal bone formation is induced after irradiation in diabetic state.

All-in-one 접착제에서 초음파진동이 법랑질과 상아질의 결합강도와 레진침투에 미치는 영향

이범의,장기택,이상훈,김종철,한세현 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.1

초기의 접착 시스템은 여러 단계의 술식을 필요로 하였으며 술자의 기술과 재료의 성질에 크게 좌우되었으나 최근 산부식, priming, adhesive를 한번에 적용할 수 있는 a11-in-one adhesive system이 등장하였다. 치과에서의 vibration의 이용은 치석의 제거 및 접착제의 점도를 낮추는데 이용되어왔으며 vibration은 접착제의 흐름성을 향상시켜 film thickness를 낮추어 수복물 주위의 미세누출을 줄이는데 도움을 준다. 이에 저자들은 all-in-one adhesive system에서 vibration이 법랑질과 상아질의 접착강도와 레진침투에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 법랑질 시편은 발거 후 실온에서 0.1% thymol 용액에서 보관된 30개의 건전한 사람의 대구치를 무작위로 10개씩 세군으로 나누고 근원심 방향으로 두 부분으로 분리하여 각각은 같은 접착제를 사용하고 초음파진동여부를 다르게 하였고, 아크릴 레진을 이용하여 직경 1-inch의 PVC관에 매몰한 후 협설면이 아크릴봉과 동일한 높이가 되도록 220-, 600-grit 연마지로 순차적으로 연마하였고 군당 10개씩 여섯 군으로 분류하였다. 1군과 2군은 Prompt L-Pop(3M-ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), 3군과 4군은 One-Up Bond F(Tokuyama Corp., Tokyo, Japan). 5군과 6군은 AQ bond(Sun Medical Co., Kyoto, Japan)를 제조사의 지시에 따라 도포하였다. 2군, 4군, 6군은 초음파 치석제거기를 이용하여 치면에 대고 15초간 진동을 가한 후 광중합하였다. 상아질 시편은 치관부 법랑질을 제거한 후 상아질면을 아크릴 봉과 동일한 높이가 되도록 하고 법랑질 시편과 동일하게 처리하였다. 이후 직경 2mm, 높이 3mm의 Teflon mold(Ultradent, U.S.A.)를 이용하여 복합레진을 충전한 후 40초씩 두 번에 나누어 광중합한 후 24시간동안 실온에서 증류수에 보관하였다. 열순환 시행한 후, 만능측정 기(Instron4465)로 전단결합강도를 측정하였으며 Resin tag의 양상을 비교하기 위해 각 군의 시편의 치질을 완전히 용해 시킨 후 표면을 주사전자현미경사진으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 법랑질에서 초음파 진동을 가한 군(2,4,6군)은 가하지 않은 군(1,3,5군)에 비해 평균 전단결합강도가 높게 나타났다. 그 차이는 AQ bond 군을 제외하고 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<0.05). 2. 상아질에서 초음파 진동을 가한 군(2,4,6군)은 가하지 않은 군(1,3,5군)에 비해 평균 전단결합강도가 높게 나타났다. 그러나 그 차이는 One-Up Bond F군을 제외하고는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 전자 현미경 관찰에서 초음파 진동을 가한 군에서 더 많은 법랑질의 소실과 상아질에서 resin tag의 길이가 길었고 lateral branch의 수도 많이 관찰되었다. The objective of this study was to apply the vibration technique to reduce the viscosity of bonding adhesives and thereby compare the bond strength and resin penetration in enamel and dentin achieved with those gained using the conventional technique and vibration technique. For enamel specimens, thirty teeth were sectioned mesio-distally. Sectioned two parts were assigned to same adhesive system but different treatment(vibration vs non-vibration) Each specimen was embedded in 1-inch inner diameter PVC pipe with a acrylic resin. The buccal and lingual surfaces were placed so that the tooth and the embedding medium were at the same level. The samples were subsequently polished silicon carbide abrasive papers. Each adhesive system was applied according to its manufacture's instruction. Vibration groups were additionally nitrated for 15 seconds before curing. For dentin specimen, except removing the coronal part and placing occlusal surface at the mold level, the remaining procedures were same as enamel specimen. Resin composite(Z250 3M. U.S.A.) was condensed on to the prepared surface in two increments using a mold kit(Ultradent Inc., U.S.A.) Each increments was light cured for 40 seconds. After 24 hours in tap water at room temperature, the specimens were thermocycled for 1000cycles.. Shear bond strengths were measured with a universal testing machine(Instron 4465, England). To investigate infiltration patterns of adhesive materials, the surface of specimens was examined with scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows : 1. In enamel, the mean values of shear bond strengths in vibration groups(group 2,4,6) were greater than those of non-vibration group(group 1,3,5). The differences were statistically significant except AQ bond group. 2. In dentin, the mean values of shear bond strengths in vibration groups(group 2 4, 6) were greater than those of non-vibration groups(group 1,3,5). But the differences were not statistically significant except One-up Bond F group. 3. The vibration group showed more mineral loss in enamel and longer resin tag and greater number of lateral branches in dentin under SEM examination.