玄蔘의 Saponin 成分 檢索 : on the Saponin of the Radix

남인숙,배병숙,최보향,최인수,최태수,김동언,김언주,정미영,조규옥 曉星女子大學校 藥學大學 學生會 1988 曉星藥誌 Vol.4 No.-

Crude saponin(100g) were obtained by extracting the radix(5kg) of Scrophalariae koraiensis Nakai. Crude saponin were positive in the Liebermann-Burchard test. We observed 5 sports by TLC using BuOH saturated with H_2O : ethyl acetate : water(4:1:5, upper phase) as solvent and 1% Ce(SO_4)_2 in 10% H_2SO_4 as a color former. We divided into 3 fractions by common column chromatography using BuOH saturated with H_2O : ethylacetate : water(4:1:5, upper phase) as solvent.

검도 머리치기 유형에 따른 상지의 근전도 비교 분석

장언량,박영훈,염창홍,서국웅,노석규 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.3

E. R. JANG, Y. H. PARK, C. H. YOUM, K. W. SEO, S. J. NOH. Study of the forearm EMG activities during Kumdo head striking. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 219-233, 2004. The purpose of this study was to compare the EMG activities of four-forearm muscles during Kumdo head striking. The four skilled and unskilled Kumdo club members were selected from D university in B city. Investigated muscles were left brachioradialis, right brachioradialis and left flexor carpi radialis, right flexor carpi radialis. Raw EMG data were collected during the head striking motions and the average EMG were calculated by the frame width of 0.05s, and then the average %MVC were calculated. The average %MVC values of each muscle in each group were compared. The results are as follows. 1) In each group, there were no significant statistical differences between every muscle over the all phases. 2) There were significant differences, however, between skilled group and unskilled group. The former got higher average %MVC at left flexor carpi radialis and the latter at right brachioradialis in the ready phase and in the impact phase.

個別行態模型을 이용한 通勤交通手段選擇에 관한 行態分析

배영석,김언동,김대웅 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1996 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.24 No.1

The main purpose of this study is identifying the factors which affect the mode choice behavior of work trips using disaggregate behavioral model. Three models were developed in this study which are binary logit model(model 1) for auto and bus, multinomial logit model(model 2) for auto, taxi and bus and multinomial logit model(model 3) for auto, taxi and bus and subway. In case of model 3, the stated preference(sp) data were used for the analysis of the subway mode choice behavior because the subway is in course of construction. Model 1 and 2 were tested for the use of the existing travel mode. A multinomial model developed using sp data(model 3) was tested for the use of future transportation mode. It is found that the those models provides reasonable results in terms of behavioral and statistical considerations.

고양이 담낭 평활근에서 Cholecystokinin 및 Acetylcholine 유도 수축에 있어서 Calcium 이용 및 세포내 전달 기전에 대한 연구

이언탁,임병용,이원석 부산의대 1991 부산의대잡지 - 부산대학교 의과대학 Vol.31 No.2

Circuit Weight Training이 최대산소섭취량 및 %체지방에 미치는 효과

이석인,이신언 중앙대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2001 體育硏究 Vol.- No.14

The purpose of this study was to compare the compare the physiologic effects of a program of weight training(WT) with a program of circuit weight training(CWT) thirty males(mean age=WT19.30±0.52yr(n=15). CWT19.80±0.98(n=15) were randomly assigned to CWT and WT groups. The training groups participated in 12-wk programs. 3d·wk^-1. Four sets of 11 weight training exercise were completed 12-15repetitions performed in 30s at 70% of one-repetition maximum at each station. The 30.45-min CWT program following each CWT station whereas the 30.45-min CWT program included a 15s rest period between stations. the CWT groups had significant(+16%) increase in Vo2max (63.86-67.58 m1·㎏^-1·min^-1) and a significant decrease in body fat percentage(-24%). The WT groups also increased significantly in Vo2maz (+6%) and decreased in body fat (-15%). Maximal heat rate did not changes significantly for any groups in the study. Statistically one program was not shown to be superior to other: thus, both programs of CWT and WT were effective in improving measures of physical fitness. It is concluded from the results of our study that programs of circuit weight training(CWT) and WT alone were very effective and equal in the improvements observed for maximum aerobic power, strength, and body composition.

Effects of vowel duration on the perceived naturalness of English monosyllabic words ending in a stop: Some preliminary findings

Eon-Suk Ko 한국음성학회 2021 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.13 No.2

Preliminary findings are reported from five experiments testing the perceived naturalness of word tokens whose vowel durations are altered. The stimuli were minimal pairs of English words ending in a voiced/voiceless plosive. Results show an asymmetric effect of shortening and lengthening of the vowel on the perceived naturalness of the word. Incremental shortening of vowel duration initially shows a stable degree of perceived naturalness but rapidly deteriorates beyond a certain point. On the contrary, only a small degree of lengthening of the vowel made the perceived naturalness of the word quickly decay, but there was a floor effect such that the perceived degree of naturalness does not lower beyond a certain level. Further, the tokens with the original vowel duration were not always scored higher than the stimuli with a small degree of shortening. Future studies should address the issue of speaking rate and the ratio between the vowel and the stop closure duration to better understand the phenomenon. The issue investigated here has implications on the role of prototypical exemplars in the perception of phonotactic naturalness.

Nurture in nature : Mothers’ tacit knowledge and enhancement of linguistic cues to their children

Eon-Suk Ko 사단법인 한국언어학회 2019 한국언어학회 학술대회지 Vol.2019 No.6

Asymmetric effects of speaking rate on the vowel/consonant ratio conditioned by coda voicing in English

Eon-Suk Ko 한국음성학회 2018 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.10 No.2

The vowel/consonant ratio is a well-known cue for the voicing of postvocalic consonants. This study investigates how this ratio changes as a function of speaking rate. Seven speakers of North American English read sentences containing target monosyllabic words that contrasted in coda voicing at three different speaking rates. Duration measures were taken for the voice onset time (VOT) of the onset consonant, the vowel, and the coda. The results show that the durations of the onset VOT and vowel are longer before voiced codas, and that the durations of all segments increase monotonically as speaking rate decreases. Importantly, the vowel/consonant ratio, a primary acoustic cue for coda voicing, was found to pattern asymmetrically for voiced and voiceless codas; it increases for voiced codas but decreases for voiceless codas with the decrease in speaking rate. This finding suggests that there is no stable ratio in the duration of preconsonantal vowels that is maintained in different speaking styles.

The phonology and semantics of expressive lengthening in Korean

Eon Suk Ko 한국음운론학회 2017 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.23 No.3

Expressive lengthening is a universal process with language-specific variation in its semantic and phonological implementation. This paper suggests that there are two types of expressive lengthening in Korean, i.e. intensification and diffusive lengthening. Intensification augments the core semantic attribute of a word, and its locus of lengthening is the last segment of the initial syllable. Diffusive lengthening, often applied to adjectives and adverbs derived from –ha verbs, yields the effect of spatial and/or temporal sustainment of the semantic property denoted by a word. The target locus for diffusive lengthening is often the stem-final syllable, with some exceptions. I suggest that the locus of expressive lengthening is determined by the semantic intent of the speaker rather than a morphological class. The data on intensification sheds fresh insight on the phonological representation of Korean laryngeal consonants. (Chosun University)

Deriving the Metrical Head in Standard Korean

Eon-Suk Ko 언어과학회 2021 언어과학연구 Vol.- No.97

Standard Korean is known to have vowel length contrasts. It has, however, been proposed that the Korean long vowel is phonetic, whereby a long vowel reflects an elongation of vowel duration under stress (Ko 2002, 2013). This paper is a follow-up on this proposal to analyze the long vowel as a metrical head, whose derivation is shown in the framework of Halle and Idsardi (1995). The algorithm for deriving the metrical head involves formal proposals for the Projection, Edge Marking, and Head Location parameters for designating the most prominent syllable in the word. The metrical head is phonetically rendered prominent with the elongation of the vowel, which is audible in the initial syllable but to a lesser degree in the second (Ko 2013). The proposed algorithm provides a principled explanation for the so-called verb stem vowel shortening phenomenon by applying the cross-linguistically attested accent clash resolution.