Characterization of Novel Trichoderma asperellum Isolates to Select Effective Biocontrol Agents Against Tomato Fusarium Wilt

El_Komy, Mahmoud H.,Saleh, Amgad A.,Eranthodi, Anas,Molan, Younes Y. The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.1

The use of novel isolates of Trichoderma with efficient antagonistic capacity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) is a promising alternative strategy to pesticides for tomato wilt management. We evaluated the antagonistic activity of 30 isolates of T. asperellum against 4 different isolates of FOL. The production of extracellular cell wall degrading enzymes of the antagonistic isolates was also measured. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was applied to assess the genetic variability among the T. asperellum isolates. All of the T. asperellum isolates significantly reduced the mycelial growth of FOL isolates but the amount of growth reduction varied significantly as well. There was a correlation between the antagonistic capacity of T. asperellum isolates towards FOL and their lytic enzyme production. Isolates showing high levels of chitinase and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase activities strongly inhibited the growth of FOL isolates. RAPD analysis showed a high level of genetic variation among T. asperellum isolates. The UPGMA dendrogram revealed that T. asperellum isolates could not be grouped by their antagonistic behavior or lytic enzymes production. Six isolates of T. asperellum were highly antagonistic towards FOL and potentially could be used in commercial agriculture to control tomato wilt. Our results are consistent with the conclusion that understanding the genetic variation within Trichoderma isolates and their biochemical capabilities are required for the selection of effective indigenous fungal strains for the use as biocontrol agents.

The use of SMA wire dampers to enhance the seismic performance of two historical Islamic minarets

El-Attar, Adel,Saleh, Ahmed,El-Habbal, Islam,Zaghw, Abdel Hamid,Osman, Ashraf Techno-Press 2008 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.4 No.2

This paper represents the final results of a research program sponsored by the European Commission through project WIND-CHIME ($\underline{W}$ide Range Non-$\underline{IN}$trusive $\underline{D}$evices toward $\underline{C}$onservation of $\underline{HI}$storical Monuments in the $\underline{ME}$diterranean Area), in which the possibility of using advanced seismic protection technologies to preserve historical monuments in the Mediterranean area is investigated. In the current research, the dynamic characteristics of two outstanding Mamluk-Style minarets, which similar minarets were reported to experience extensive damage during Dahshur 1992 earthquake, are investigated. The first minaret is the Qusun minaret (1337 A.D, 736 Hijri Date (H.D)) located in El-Suyuti cemetery on the southern side of the Salah El-Din citadel. The minaret is currently separated from the surrounding building and is directly resting on the ground (no vaults underneath). The total height of the minaret is 40.28 meters with a base rectangular shaft of about 5.42 ${\times}$ 5.20 m. The second minaret is the southern minaret of Al-Sultaniya (1340 A.D, 739 H.D). It is located about 30.0 meters from Qusun minaret, and it is now standing alone but it seems that it used to be attached to a huge unidentified structure. The style of the minaret and its size attribute it to the first half of the fourteenth century. The minaret total height is 36.69 meters and has a 4.48 ${\times}$ 4.48 m rectangular base. Field investigations were conducted to obtain: (a) geometrical description of the minarets, (b) material properties of the minarets' stones, and (c) soil conditions at the minarets' location. Ambient vibration tests were performed to determine the modal parameters of the minarets such as natural frequencies and mode shapes. A $1/16^{th}$ scale model of Qusun minaret was constructed at Cairo University Concrete Research Laboratory and tested under free vibration with and without SMA wire dampers. The contribution of SMA wire dampers to the structural damping coefficient was evaluated under different vertical loads and vibration amplitudes. Experimental results were used along with the field investigation data to develop a realistic 3-D finite element model that can be used for seismic risk evaluation of the minarets. Examining the updated finite element models under different seismic excitations indicated the vulnerability of such structures to earthquakes with medium to high a/v ratio. The use of SMA wire dampers was found feasible for reducing the seismic risk for this type of structures.

The use of SMA wire dampers to enhance the seismic performance of two historical Islamic minarets

Adel El-Attar,Ahmed Saleh,Islam El-Habbal,Abdel Hamid Zaghw,Ashraf Osman 국제구조공학회 2008 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.4 No.2

This paper represents the final results of a research program sponsored by the European Commission through project WIND-CHIME (Wide Range Non-INtrusive Devices toward Conservation of HIstorical Monuments in the MEditerranean Area), in which the possibility of using advanced seismic protection technologies to preserve historical monuments in the Mediterranean area is investigated. In the current research, the dynamic characteristics of two outstanding Mamluk-Style minarets, which similar minarets were reported to experience extensive damage during Dahshur 1992 earthquake, are investigated. The first minaret is the Qusun minaret (1337 A.D, 736 Hijri Date (H.D)) located in El-Suyuti cemetery on the southern side of the Salah El-Din citadel. The minaret is currently separated from the surrounding building and is directly resting on the ground (no vaults underneath). The total height of the minaret is 40.28 meters with a base rectangular shaft of about 5.42 × 5.20 m. The second minaret is the southern minaret of Al-Sultaniya (1340 A.D, 739 H.D). It is located about 30.0 meters from Qusun minaret, and it is now standing alone but it seems that it used to be attached to a huge unidentified structure. The style of the minaret and its size attribute it to the first half of the fourteenth century. The minaret total height is 36.69 meters and has a 4.48 × 4.48 m rectangular base. Field investigations were conducted to obtain: (a) geometrical description of the minarets, (b) material properties of the minarets’ stones, and (c) soil conditions at the minarets’ location. Ambient vibration tests were performed to determine the modal parameters of the minarets such as natural frequencies and mode shapes. A 1/16th scale model of Qusun minaret was constructed at Cairo University Concrete Research Laboratory and tested under free vibration with and without SMA wire dampers. The contribution of SMA wire dampers to the structural damping coefficient was evaluated under different vertical loads and vibration amplitudes. Experimental results were used along with the field investigation data to develop a realistic 3-D finite element model that can be used for seismic risk evaluation of the minarets. Examining the updated finite element models under different seismic excitations indicated the vulnerability of such structures to earthquakes with medium to high a/v ratio. The use of SMA wire dampers was found feasible for reducing the seismic risk for this type of structures.

Production of Useful Chemicals from Sunflower Oil by Microorganisms

Saleh Hassan El-Sharkawy 한국생약학회 1995 Natural Product Sciences Vol.1 No.1

A number of microorganisms have been screened for growth on sunflower oil as a sole carbon source for production of useful chemicals. Rhizopus stolonifer NRRL 1478 was found to transform the lipid contents of sunflower oil into dodecyl β-D-glucopyranoside and dodecanedioic acid in 15 and 25% yield respectively. The produced compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and its chemical identity were established using MS, IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy.

A novel procedure for processing of the xenotime mineral concentrate of southwestern Sinai

Saleh Mohamed El Hady 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.7

A novel procedure for processing the xenotime mineral concentrate of southwestern Sinai (55.4% RE2O3 and 0.9% U3O8) has been studied. This procedure is based on leaching of uranium and rare earths from the xenotime concentrate using ferric sulfate solution by hydrolytic leaching with ferric ion, wherein ferric iron is precipitated to generate acid for the leaching step. The obtained slurry is washed by water and sulfuric acid. The relevant conditions of the ferric ion leaching of the concentrate and the washing step have been optimized. From the obtained sulfate liquor, rare earths are directly precipitated as oxalates. Uranium is extracted from the REE-free sulfate solution using ion exchange resin Amberlite IRA-400. Highly pure oxide products of the two interesting metal values, REEs and U, have properly been prepared.

Hybrid SDF-HDF Cluster-Based Fusion Scheme for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks

( Ayman A. El-saleh ),( Mahamod Ismail ),( Mohd Alaudin Mohd Ali ),( Israna H. Arka ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2010 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.4 No.6

In cognitive radio networks, cooperative spectrum sensing schemes are proposed to improve the performance of detecting licensees by secondary users. Commonly, the cooperative sensing can be realized by means of hard decision fusion (HDF) or soft decision fusion (SDF) schemes. The SDF schemes are superior to the HDF ones in terms of the detection performance whereas the HDF schemes are outperforming the SDF ones when the traffic overhead is taken into account. In this paper, a hybrid SFD-HDF cluster-based approach is developed to jointly exploit the advantages of SFD and HDF schemes. Different SDF schemes have been proposed and compared within a given cluster whereas the OR-rule base HDF scheme is applied to combine the decisions reported by cluster headers to a common receiver or base station. The computer simulations show promising results as the performance of the proposed scenario of hybridizing soft and hard fusion schemes is significantly outperforming other different combinations of conventional SDF and HDF schemes while it noticeably reduces the network traffic overhead.

Electrochemical Microbiosensor for Detecting COVID-19 in a Patient Sample Based on Gold Microcuboids Pattern

Waleed A. El-Said,Abdullah S. Al‐Bogami,Wael Alshitari,Deia A. El-Hady,Tamer S. Saleh,Mohamed A. El-Mokhtar,최정우 한국바이오칩학회 2021 BioChip Journal Vol.15 No.3

As continues increasing the COVID-19 infections, there is an urgent need for developing fast, simple, selective, and accurate COVID-19 biosensors. A highly uniform gold (Au) microcuboid pattern was used as a microelectrode that allowed monitoring a small analyte. The electrochemical biosensor was used to monitor the COVID-19 S protein within a concentration range from 100 to 5 pmol L −1 ; it showed a lower detection limit of 276 fmol L −1 . Finally, the developed COVID-19 sensor was used to detect a positive sample from a human patient obtained through a nasal swab; the results were confirmed using the PCR technique. The results showed that the SWV technique showed high sensitivity towards detecting COVID-19 and good efficiency for detecting COVID-19 in a positive human sample.

Effect of cyclic pamidronate administration on osteoporosis in children with β-thalassemia major: a single-center study

El-Hawy Mahmoud A.,Saleh Nagwan Y. 대한소아청소년과학회 2022 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.65 No.8

Background: Osteopenia and osteoporosis represent a prominent cause of morbidity in children with thalassemia. Multiple factors are responsible for the pathogenesis of bone loss in thalassemia, including diabetes, hypothyroidism, parathyroid gland dysfunction, accelerated hemopoiesis, direct iron toxicity of osteoblasts, iron chelators, and deficiencies of growth hormone or insulin growth factors.Purpose: To assess the effect of pamidronate administration on β-thalassemia major-induced osteoporosis in children.Methods: This study assessed the effects of different treatments (calcium and vitamin D versus calcium, vitamin D, and pamidronate) on patients with β-thalassemia major and osteoporosis. Bone mineral density (BMD) and z scores were measured at baseline and after 1 year of treatment using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.Results: The mean baseline BMD values of the lumbar spine were 0.71±0.07 (g/cm²) and 0.74±0.07 (g/cm²), respectively, while those at the end of the study were 0.81±0.07 (g/cm²) (<i>P</i><0.001) and 0.78±0.07 (g/cm²) (<i>P</i>>0.05), respectively. The mean baseline z scores of the lumbar spine were -3.53±0.55 and -3.17±0.61, while those after treatment were -2.1±0.32 (<i>P</i>=0.001) and -3.11±0.67 (<i>P</i>>0.05), respectively. The baseline alkaline phosphatase levels were 351.5±86.07 μg/dL and 357.6±89.7 μg/dL, while those after treatment were 220.4± 59.26.07 μg/dL (<i>P</i><0.001) and 320.3±83.99 μg/dL (<i>P</i>>0.05), respectively.Conclusion: Pamidronate administration effectively increased the BMD and z scores of children with β-thalassemia major. Pamidronate had a favorable safety profile with no related serious adverse events during the study period.

Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel seeds and pericarps in relation to their chemical profiles: new approach for multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia

El-Shiekh Riham A.,Elshimy Rana,Mandour Asmaa A.,Kassem Hanaa A. H.,Khaleel Amal E.,Alseekh Saleh,Fernie Alisdair R.,Salem Mohamed A. 한국응용생명화학회 2024 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.67 No.-

Acinetobacter baumannii is without a doubt one of the most problematic bacteria causing hospital-acquired nosocomial infections in today’s healthcare system. To solve the high prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) in A. baumannii, we investigated one of the medicinal plants traditionally used as antibacterial agent; namely Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel. The total methanolic extracts of seeds and pericarps were prepared and their anti-bacterial activity was assessed using the agar diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was then calculated as compared to tigecycline. Then, an in-vivo murine model was established which confirmed the promising activity of M. koenigii seeds in demonstrating anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory actions. The histopathological study of lungs, scoring of pulmonary lesions, counting of bacterial loads after infection by multi-drug resistant A. baumannii all provided evidence to support these findings. LC–MS/MS profiling coupled to molecular networking and chemometrics detected the presence of carbazole alkaloids, and coumarins as dominate metabolites of the active seed extracts. Positively correlated metabolites to antibacterial potential were 6-(2ʹ,3ʹ-dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl)- 8-prenylumbelliferone, scopoline, and 5-methoxymurrayatin. An in-silico study was also performed on the crystal structure of MurF from A. baumannii (PDB ID: 4QF5), the studied structures of the mentioned extracts revealed good docking interaction at the active site suggestive of competition with the ATP ligand. These collective findings suggest that extracts of Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel seed is a novel prospective for the discovery of drug candidates against infections caused by MDR A. baumannii.

Increased cryo-survival rate in ejaculated human sperm from infertile men following pre-freeze in vitro myo-inositol supplementation

Saleh, Ramadan,Assaf, Hanan,Abd El Maged, Wafaa M.,Elsuity, Mohamed,Fawzy, Mohamed The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2018 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.45 No.4

Objective: To investigate the effects of in vitro myo-inositol (Myo-Ins) supplementation of cryopreserved human semen on the cryo-survival rate (CSR). Methods: Semen samples were obtained from 41 infertile men. Following routine semen analysis, each sample was divided into two equal aliquots (0.5 mL each). One aliquot was treated with 1 mg of Myo-Ins dissolved in $10{\mu}L$ of sperm preparation medium. The second aliquot was treated with $10{\mu}L$ of the same medium (control). Both aliquots were incubated for 20 minutes prior to freezing to slow the freezing process. The frozen samples were examined for post-thaw percentages of total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), and the CSR, defined as the percentage of post-thaw TM divided by the percentage of pre-freeze TM and multiplied in 100. The results were expressed as median and interquartile range (25th and 75th percentiles). Results: The pre-freeze TM (50% [30%-50%]) and PM (35% [20%-35%]) were significantly higher than the post-thaw TM and PM in the MyoIns group (15% [10%-35%] and 10% [5%-20%]; p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) and the control group (10% [6%-30%] and 5% [3%-15%]; p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The CSR of the 41 semen aliquots supplemented with Myo-Ins (40% [25%-70%]) was significantly higher than that of the control samples (30% [13%-58%], p=0.041). The CSR of the 26 abnormal semen samples that were supplemented with Myo-Ins (38% [20%-50%]) was significantly higher than that of the control samples (23% [12%-30%], p=0.031). Conclusion: In vitro Myo-Ins supplementation of ejaculated human sperm from infertile men resulted in a significant increase in the CSR in samples with abnormal pre-freeze sperm parameters.