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Rao, Abha,Sunil, Bhuvana,Ekstrand, Maria,Heylen, Elsa,Raju, Girish,Shet, Arun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4
Background: Western physicians tend to favour complete disclosure of a cancer diagnosis to the patient, while non-Western physicians tend to limit disclosure and include families in the process; the latter approach is prevalent in clinical oncology practice in India. Few studies, however, have examined patient preferences with respect to disclosure or the role of family members in the process. Materials and Methods: Structured interviews were conducted with patients (N=127) in the medical oncology clinic of a tertiary referral hospital in Bangalore, India. Results: Patients ranged in age from 18-88 (M=52) and were mostly male (59%). Most patients (72%) wanted disclosure of the diagnosis cancer, a preference significantly associated with higher education and English proficiency. A majority wanted their families to be involved in the process. Patients who had wanted and not wanted disclosure differed with respect to their preferences regarding the particulars of disclosure (timing, approach, individuals involved, role of family members). Almost all patients wanted more information concerning their condition, about immediate medical issues such as treatments or side effects, rather than long-term or non-medical issues. Conclusions: While most cancer patients wanted disclosure of their disease, a smaller group wished that their cancer diagnosis had not been disclosed to them. Regardless of this difference in desire for disclosure, both groups sought similar specific information regarding their cancer and largely favoured involvement of close family in decision making. Additional studies evaluating the influence of factors such as disease stage or family relationships could help guide physicians when breaking bad news.
Fermented and ripened fish products in the northern European countries
Torstein Skåra,Lars Axelsson,Gudmundur Stefansson,Bo Ekstrand,Helge Hagen 한국식품연구원 2015 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.2 No.1
In northern Europe a number of fish products are prepared in such a way that biochemical and microbial action can take place. These are complex processes for which there are few available scientific studies. This article covers the origin, manufacturing, characteristics, and consumption of traditional fermented fish products, including surströmming from Sweden, rakfisk from Norway, hákarl from Iceland, and the barrel-salted herring that was commonly produced in most of northern Europe.
Maintenance of respiratory chain function in mouse hearts with severely impaired mtDNA transcription
Freyer, Christoph,Park, Chan Bae,Ekstrand, Mats I.,Shi, Yonghong,Khvorostova, Julia,Wibom, Rolf,Falkenberg, Maria,Gustafsson, Claes M.,Larsson, Nils-Gö,ran Oxford University Press 2010 Nucleic acids research Vol.38 No.19
<P>The basal mitochondrial transcription machinery is essential for biogenesis of the respiratory chain and consists of mitochondrial RNA polymerase, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and mitochondrial transcription factor B2. This triad of proteins is sufficient and necessary for mtDNA transcription initiation. Abolished mtDNA transcription caused by tissue-specific knockout of TFAM in the mouse heart leads to early onset of a severe mitochondrial cardiomyopathy with lethality within the first post-natal weeks. Here, we describe a mouse model expressing human TFAM instead of the endogenous mouse TFAM in heart. These rescue mice have severe reduction in mtDNA transcription initiation, but, surprisingly, are healthy at the age of 52 weeks with near-normal steady-state levels of transcripts. In addition, we demonstrate that heavy-strand mtDNA transcription normally terminates at the termination-associated sequence in the control region. This termination is abolished in rescue animals resulting in heavy (H)-strand transcription of the entire control region. In conclusion, we demonstrate here the existence of an unexpected mtDNA transcript stabilization mechanism that almost completely compensates for the severely reduced transcription initiation in rescue hearts. Future elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism may provide a novel pathway to treat mitochondrial dysfunction in human pathology.</P>